Petra

Petra is one of the most compelling sights in the Middle East. In the 3rd century BC, Petra was the capital of the Nabateaeans dynasty. The city was carved from a cliff face and it was only rediscovered in 1812 after it was forgotten for more than 1000 years. After its rediscovery, some Bedouin families lived in the city, but in the 1980's all people who lived there were relocated and nowadays it is a national monument, which is visited by several thousand people every day. Expect to pay a steep entry fee.

If you really want to get the feel of Petra, you should spend several days there, but that means you'll have to pay the entrance fee several times, as it is only valid for one day. Petra was carved out from the sandstone rock that takes on magnificent, deep rusty colors. Entrance to the city is through a narrow winding clift, known as siq and the first thing you'll see is the Khazneh, or treasury. Its beautifully carved façade is absolutely stunning. Further on is the monastery, which is equally imposing. The views from its top are absolutely marvelous. Other ruins in Petra include an amphitheatre, which holds 8000 people and the Temple of the Winged Lions.

There are countless hotels and restaurants in Petra, as well as in the neighboring village of Wadi Musa. Cheap food is also available from the markets and street stalls in both towns. Petra is 185 km south of Amman, not far from the border with Israel. Day trips to Petra are available from Amman, as well as several places in Israel, but it is far better to stay in Petra and take your time to explore the ruins.