Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region covers about 16% of present China, making it the country's largest province. It is home to many of China's 56 national minorities, but most people belong to the Turkish-speaking Muslim Uighurs. The region is also home to large numbers of Kyrgyz and Kazak people.
Most of Xinjiang consists of barren mountains and uninhabitable deserts. The area around lake Lop Nur has been a nuclear test area for the Chinese army since 1964. Another lake, Tianchi lies in a beautiful mountainous area, some 115 km west from Xinjiang's capital of Ürümqi. Other interesting sights include the towns of Kashi (Kashgar) and Turpan, as well as the Karakoram Highway.
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