Baja California Sur is the least populated state in Mexico. It occupies the southern half of the Baja California Peninsula, as well as the uninhabited Rocas Alijos in the Pacific Ocean. The northern half of the peninsula is occupied by the Mexican state of Baja California.

The capital of Baja California Sur is La Paz. Other places of interest include the tourist resorts of Cabo San Lucas, San José del Cabo and Santa Rosalía. Its largest city and capital is La Paz.