Country ranking for field: climate 2001

Other rankings:

This entry includes a brief description of typical weather regimes throughout the year; in the Word entry only, it includes four subfields that describe climate extremes:|ten driest places on earth (average annual precipitation) describes the annual average precipitation measured in both millimeters and inches for selected countries with climate extremes.

	World	two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperate zones from a wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates
1	Afghanistan	0
2	Pakistan	mostly hot dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north
3	Netherlands Antilles	tropical; ameliorated by northeast trade winds
4	New Caledonia	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot humid
5	New Zealand	temperate with sharp regional contrasts
6	Nicaragua	tropical in lowlands cooler in highlands
7	Niger	desert; mostly hot dry dusty; tropical in extreme south
8	Nigeria	varies; equatorial in south tropical in center arid in north
9	Niue	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
10	Norfolk Island	subtropical mild little seasonal temperature variation
11	North Korea	temperate with rainfall concentrated in summer
12	Northern Mariana Islands	tropical marine; moderated by northeast trade winds little seasonal temperature variation; dry season December to June rainy season July to October
13	Norway	temperate along coast modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers causing glaciers to grow; rainy year-round on west coast
14	Oman	dry desert; hot humid along coast; hot dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon
15	Pacific Ocean	planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns modified by seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones
16	Palau	wet season May to November; hot and humid
17	Navassa Island	marine tropical
18	Palmyra Atoll	equatorial hot and very rainy
19	Panama	tropical maritime; hot humid cloudy; prolonged rainy season
20	Papua New Guinea	tropical; northwest monsoon
21	Paracel Islands	tropical
22	Paraguay	subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions becoming semiarid in the far west
23	Peru	varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes
24	Philippines	tropical marine; northeast monsoon
25	Pitcairn Islands	tropical hot humid; modified by southeast trade winds; rainy season
26	Poland	temperate with cold cloudy moderately severe winters with frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowers
27	Portugal	maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north warmer and drier in south
28	Puerto Rico	tropical marine mild; little seasonal temperature variation
29	Qatar	desert; hot dry; humid and sultry in summer
30	Romania	temperate; cold cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
31	Russia	ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast
32	Nepal	varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south
33	Nauru	tropical; monsoonal; rainy season
34	Réunion	tropical but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November hot and rainy from November to April
35	Mali	subtropical to arid; hot and dry February to June; rainy humid and mild June to November; cool and dry November to February
36	Lebanon	Mediterranean; mild to cool wet winters with hot dry summers; Lebanon mountains experience heavy winter snows
37	Lesotho	temperate; cool to cold dry winters; hot wet summers
38	Liberia	tropical; hot humid; dry winters with hot days and cool to cold nights; wet cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers
39	Libya	Mediterranean along coast; dry extreme desert interior
40	Liechtenstein	continental; cold cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm cloudy humid summers
41	Lithuania	transitional between maritime and continental; wet moderate winters and summers
42	Luxembourg	modified continental with mild winters cool summers
43	Macau	subtropical; marine with cool winters warm summers
44	Macedonia	warm dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
45	Madagascar	tropical along coast temperate inland arid in south
46	Malawi	sub-tropical; rainy season
47	Malaysia	tropical; annual southwest
48	Maldives	tropical; hot humid; dry northeast monsoon
49	Malta	Mediterranean with mild rainy winters and hot dry summers
50	Namibia	desert; hot dry; rainfall sparse and erratic
51	Marshall Islands	wet season from May to November; hot and humid; islands border typhoon belt
52	Martinique	tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season
53	Mauritania	desert; constantly hot dry dusty
54	Mauritius	tropical modified by southeast trade winds; warm dry winter
55	Mayotte	tropical; marine; hot humid rainy season during northeastern monsoon
56	Mexico	varies from tropical to desert
57	Midway Islands	subtropical but moderated by prevailing easterly winds
58	Moldova	moderate winters warm summers
59	Monaco	Mediterranean with mild wet winters and hot dry summers
60	Mongolia	desert; continental
61	Montserrat	tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
62	Morocco	Mediterranean becoming more extreme in the interior
63	Mozambique	tropical to subtropical
64	Myanmar	tropical monsoon; cloudy rainy hot humid summers
65	Rwanda	temperate; two rainy seasons
66	Saint Helena	Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine mild tempered by trade winds
67	Laos	tropical monsoon; rainy season
68	Uganda	tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons
69	The Gambia	tropical; hot rainy season
70	The Netherlands	temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters
71	Togo	tropical; hot humid in south; semiarid in north
72	Tokelau	tropical; moderated by trade winds
73	Tonga	tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season
74	Trinidad and Tobago	tropical; rainy season
75	Tromelin Island	tropical
76	Tunisia	temperate in north with mild rainy winters and hot dry summers; desert in south
77	Turkey	temperate; hot dry summers with mild wet winters; harsher in interior
78	Turkmenistan	subtropical desert
79	Turks and Caicos Islands	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
80	Tuvalu	tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds
81	U.S. Virgin Islands	subtropical tempered by easterly trade winds relatively low humidity little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season May to November
82	Ukraine	temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed highest in west and north lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; summers are warm across the greater part of the country hot in the south
83	Thailand	tropical; rainy warm cloudy southwest monsoon
84	United Arab Emirates	desert; cooler in eastern mountains
85	United Kingdom	temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast
86	United States	mostly temperate but tropical in Hawaii and Florida arctic in Alaska semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains
87	Uruguay	warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
88	Uzbekistan	mostly midlatitude desert long hot summers mild winters; semiarid grassland in east
89	Vanuatu	tropical; moderated by southeast trade winds
90	Venezuela	tropical; hot humid; more moderate in highlands
91	Vietnam	tropical in south; monsoonal in north with hot rainy season
92	Wake Island	tropical
93	Wallis and Futuna	tropical; hot rainy season
94	West Bank	temperate temperature and precipitation vary with altitude warm to hot summers cool to mild winters
95	Western Sahara	hot dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
96	Yemen	mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot dry harsh desert in east
97	Zambia	tropical; modified by altitude; rainy season
98	The Bahamas	tropical marine; moderated by warm waters of Gulf Stream
99	Tanzania	varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
100	Saint Kitts and Nevis	tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season
101	South Africa	mostly semiarid; subtropical along east coast; sunny days cool nights
102	Saint Lucia	tropical moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season from January to April rainy season from May to August
103	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season
104	Saint-Pierre and Miquelon	cold and wet with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
105	Samoa	tropical; rainy season
106	San Marino	Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm sunny summers
107	Saudi Arabia	harsh dry desert with great extremes of temperature
108	Senegal	tropical; hot humid; rainy season
109	Seychelles	tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon
110	Sierra Leone	tropical; hot humid; summer rainy season
111	Singapore	tropical; hot humid rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - Northeastern monsoon from December to March and Southwestern monsoon from June to September; inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms
112	Slovakia	temperate; cool summers; cold cloudy humid winters
113	Slovenia	Mediterranean climate on the coast continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east
114	Solomon Islands	tropical monsoon; few extremes of temperature and weather
115	Somalia	principally desert; December to February - northeast monsoon moderate temperatures in north and very hot in south; May to October - southwest monsoon torrid in the north and hot in the south irregular rainfall hot and humid periods
116	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	variable with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
117	Tajikistan	midlatitude continental hot summers mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
118	South Korea	temperate with rainfall heavier in summer than winter
119	Southern Ocean	sea temperatures vary from about 10 degrees Celsius to -2 degrees Celsius; cyclonic storms travel eastward around the continent and frequently are intense because of the temperature contrast between ice and open ocean; the ocean area from about latitude 40 south to the Antarctic Circle has the strongest average winds found anywhere on Earth; in winter the ocean freezes outward to 65 degrees south latitude in the Pacific sector and 55 degrees south latitude in the Atlantic sector lowering surface temperatures well below 0 degrees Celsius; at some coastal points intense persistent drainage winds from the interior keep the shoreline ice-free throughout the winter
120	Spain	temperate; clear hot summers in interior more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy cold winters in interior partly cloudy and cool along coast
121	Spratly Islands	tropical
122	Sri Lanka	tropical monsoon; northeast monsoon
123	Sudan	tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season
124	Suriname	tropical; moderated by trade winds
125	Svalbard	arctic tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen keeping water open and navigable most of the year
126	Swaziland	varies from tropical to near temperate
127	Sweden	temperate in south with cold cloudy winters and cool partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north
128	Switzerland	temperate but varies with altitude; cold cloudy rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm cloudy humid summers with occasional showers
129	Syria	mostly desert; hot dry sunny summers
130	São Tomé and Príncipe	tropical; hot humid; one rainy season
131	Taiwan	tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon
132	Latvia	maritime; wet moderate winters
133	Kyrgyzstan	dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest
134	Albania	mild temperate; cool cloudy wet winters; hot clear dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter
135	China	extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north
136	British Virgin Islands	subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by trade winds
137	Brunei	tropical; hot humid rainy
138	Bulgaria	temperate; cold damp winters; hot dry summers
139	Burkina Faso	tropical; warm dry winters; hot wet summers
140	Burundi	equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation
141	Cabo Verde	temperate; warm dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
142	Cambodia	tropical; rainy monsoon season
143	Cameroon	varies with terrain from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north
144	Canada	varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north
145	Cayman Islands	tropical marine; warm rainy summers
146	Central African Republic	tropical; hot dry winters; mild to hot wet summers
147	Chad	tropical in south desert in north
148	Chile	temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south
149	Christmas Island	tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds
150	Brazil	mostly tropical but temperate in south
151	Clipperton Island	tropical humid average temperature 20-32 degrees C rains May-October
152	Cocos Islands	pleasant modified by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year; moderate rainfall
153	Colombia	tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands
154	Comoros	tropical marine; rainy season
155	Congo	tropical; rainy season
156	Cook Islands	tropical; moderated by trade winds
157	Coral Sea Islands Territory	tropical
158	Costa Rica	tropical and subtropical; dry season
159	Croatia	Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters dry summers along coast
160	Cuba	tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season
161	Cyprus	temperate Mediterranean with hot dry summers and cool winters
162	Czech Republic	temperate; cool summers; cold cloudy humid winters
163	Côte d'Ivoire	tropical along coast semiarid in far north; three seasons - warm and dry
164	Democratic Republic of the Congo	tropical; hot and humid in equatorial river basin; cooler and drier in southern highlands; cooler and wetter in eastern highlands; north of Equator - wet season April to October dry season December to February; south of Equator - wet season November to March dry season April to October
165	British Indian Ocean Territory	tropical marine; hot humid moderated by trade winds
166	Bouvet Island	antarctic
167	Djibouti	desert; torrid dry
168	Australia	generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north
169	Algeria	arid to semiarid; mild wet winters with hot dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer
170	American Samoa	tropical marine moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation
171	Andorra	temperate; snowy cold winters and warm dry summers
172	Angola	semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool dry season
173	Anguilla	tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
174	Antarctica	severe low temperatures vary with latitude elevation and distance from the ocean; East Antarctica is colder than West Antarctica because of its higher elevation; Antarctic Peninsula has the most moderate climate; higher temperatures occur in January along the coast and average slightly below freezing
175	Antigua and Barbuda	tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
176	Arctic Ocean	polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness cold and stable weather conditions and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight damp and foggy weather and weak cyclones with rain or snow
177	Argentina	mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest
178	Armenia	highland continental hot summers cold winters
179	Aruba	tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
180	Ashmore and Cartier Islands	tropical
181	Atlantic Ocean	tropical cyclones
182	Austria	temperate; continental cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain in lowlands and snow in mountains; cool summers with occasional showers
183	Botswana	semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
184	Azerbaijan	dry semiarid steppe
185	Bahrain	arid; mild pleasant winters; very hot humid summers
186	Baker Island	equatorial; scant rainfall constant wind burning sun
187	Bangladesh	tropical; mild winter
188	Barbados	tropical; rainy season
189	Bassas da India	tropical
190	Belarus	cold winters cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime
191	Belgium	temperate; mild winters cool summers; rainy humid cloudy
192	Belize	tropical; very hot and humid; rainy season
193	Benin	tropical; hot humid in south; semiarid in north
194	Bermuda	subtropical; mild humid; gales strong winds common in winter
195	Bhutan	varies; tropical in southern plains; cool winters and hot summers in central valleys; severe winters and cool summers in Himalayas
196	Bolivia	varies with altitude; humid and tropical to cold and semiarid
197	Bosnia and Herzegovina	hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short cool summers and long severe winters; mild rainy winters along coast
198	Denmark	temperate; humid and overcast; mild windy winters and cool summers
199	Dominica	tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall
200	Kuwait	dry desert; intensely hot summers; short cool winters
201	Ireland	temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time
202	Haiti	tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds
203	Heard Island and McDonald Islands	antarctic
204	Holy See	temperate; mild rainy winters
205	Honduras	subtropical in lowlands temperate in mountains
206	Hong Kong	tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter hot and rainy from spring through summer warm and sunny in fall
207	Howland Island	equatorial; scant rainfall constant wind burning sun
208	Hungary	temperate; cold cloudy humid winters; warm summers
209	Iceland	temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild windy winters; damp cool summers
210	India	varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north
211	Indian Ocean	northeast monsoon
212	Indonesia	tropical; hot humid; more moderate in highlands
213	Iran	mostly arid or semiarid subtropical along Caspian coast
214	Iraq	mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry hot cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq
215	Isle of Man	cool summers and mild winters; temperate; overcast about one-third of the time
216	Guinea	generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season
217	Israel	temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas
218	Italy	predominantly Mediterranean; Alpine in far north; hot dry in south
219	Jamaica	tropical; hot humid; temperate interior
220	Jan Mayen	arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
221	Japan	varies from tropical in south to cool temperate in north
222	Jarvis Island	tropical; scant rainfall constant wind burning sun
223	Jersey	temperate; mild winters and cool summers
224	Johnston Atoll	tropical but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds with little seasonal temperature variation
225	Jordan	mostly arid desert; rainy season in west
226	Juan de Nova Island	tropical
227	Kazakhstan	continental cold winters and hot summers arid and semiarid
228	Kenya	varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior
229	Kingman Reef	tropical but moderated by prevailing winds
230	Kiribati	tropical; marine hot and humid moderated by trade winds
231	Guyana	tropical; hot humid moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons
232	Guinea-Bissau	tropical; generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season
233	Dominican Republic	tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation; seasonal variation in rainfall
234	French Guiana	tropical; hot humid; little seasonal temperature variation
235	Ecuador	tropical along coast becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
236	Egypt	desert; hot dry summers with moderate winters
237	El Salvador	tropical; rainy season
238	Equatorial Guinea	tropical; always hot humid
239	Eritrea	hot dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter in the central highlands
240	Estonia	maritime wet moderate winters cool summers
241	Ethiopia	tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation
242	Europa Island	tropical
243	Falkland Islands	cold marine; strong westerly winds cloudy humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; occasional snow all year except in January and February but does not accumulate
244	Faroe Islands	mild winters cool summers; usually overcast; foggy windy
245	Federated States of Micronesia	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
246	Fiji	tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
247	Finland	cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current Baltic Sea and more than 60000 lakes
248	France	generally cool winters and mild summers but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong cold dry north-to-northwesterly wind known as mistral
249	French Polynesia	tropical but moderate
250	Guernsey	temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast
251	French Southern and Antarctic Lands	antarctic
252	Gabon	tropical; always hot humid
253	Gaza Strip	temperate mild winters dry and warm to hot summers
254	Georgia	warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
255	Germany	temperate and marine; cool cloudy wet winters and summers; occasional warm foehn wind
256	Ghana	tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north
257	Gibraltar	Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
258	Glorioso Islands	tropical
259	Greece	temperate; mild wet winters; hot dry summers
260	Greenland	arctic to subarctic; cool summers cold winters
261	Grenada	tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds
262	Guadeloupe	subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity
263	Guam	tropical marine; generally warm and humid moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season from January to June rainy season from July to December; little seasonal temperature variation
264	Guatemala	tropical; hot humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands
265	Zimbabwe	tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season

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