Country ranking for field: natural hazards 2025

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This entry lists potential natural disasters. For countries where volcanic activity is common, a volcanism subfield highlights historically active volcanoes.


The WorldWorldlarge areas of the world are subject to severe weather and natural disasters
1flagAfghanistan0 
2flagAlbaniadestructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought 
3flagAlgeriamountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and floods in rainy season; droughts 
4flagAmerican Samoacyclones common from December to March 
5flagAndorraavalanches 
6flagAngolalocally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau 
7flagAnguillafrequent hurricanes and other tropical storms 
8flagAntarcticakatabatic 
9flagAntigua and Barbudahurricanes and tropical storms 
10flagArctic Oceanice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May 
11flagArgentinaSan Miguel de Tucumán and Mendoza areas in the Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike the pampas and northeast; heavy flooding in some areas 
12flagArmeniaoccasionally severe earthquakes; droughts 
13flagArubahurricanes; lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt and is rarely threatened 
14flagAshmore and Cartier Islandssurrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards 
15flagAtlantic Oceanicebergs common in Davis Strait Denmark Strait and the northwestern Atlantic Ocean from February to August and have been spotted as far south as Bermuda and the Madeira Islands; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme northern Atlantic from October to May; persistent fog can be a maritime hazard from May to September; hurricanes 
16flagAustraliacyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires 
17flagAustrialandslides; avalanches; earthquakes 
18flagAzerbaijandroughts 
19flagBahrainperiodic droughts; dust storms 
20flagBangladeshdroughts; cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season 
21flagBarbadosinfrequent hurricanes; periodic landslides 
22flagBelaruslarge tracts of marshy land 
23flagBelgiumflooding is a threat along rivers and in areas of reclaimed coastal land protected from the sea by concrete dikes 
24flagBelizefrequent devastating hurricanes 
25flagBeninhot dry dusty harmattan wind may affect north from December to March 
26flagBermudahurricanes 
27flagBhutanviolent storms from the Himalayas are the source of the country's Bhutanese name which translates as Land of the Thunder Dragon; frequent landslides during the rainy season 
28flagBoliviaflooding in the northeast 
29flagBosnia and Herzegovinadestructive earthquakes 
30flagBotswanaperiodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west carrying sand and dust across the country which can obscure visibility 
31flagBouvet Islandoccasional volcanism rock slides; harsh climate surrounded by pack ice in winter 
32flagBrazilrecurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south 
33flagBritish Indian Ocean Territorynone; located outside routes of Indian Ocean cyclones 
34flagBritish Virgin Islandshurricanes and tropical storms 
35flagBruneityphoons earthquakes and severe flooding are rare 
36flagBulgariaearthquakes; landslides 
37flagBurkina Fasorecurring droughts 
38flagBurundiflooding; landslides; drought 
39flagCabo Verdeprolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active 
40flagCambodiamonsoonal rains 
41flagCameroonvolcanic activity with periodic releases of poisonous gases from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes 
42flagCanadacontinuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic Pacific and North American interior and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains 
43flagCayman Islandshurricanes 
44flagCentral African Republichot dry dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common 
45flagChadhot dry dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues 
46flagChilesevere earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis 
47flagChinafrequent typhoons 
48flagChristmas Islandthe narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard 
49flagClipperton Islandsubject to tropical storms and hurricanes from May to October 
50flagCocos Islandscyclone season is October to April 
51flagColombiahighlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts 
52flagComoroscyclones possible during rainy season 
53flagCongoseasonal flooding 
54flagCook Islandstropical cyclones 
55flagCoral Sea Islands Territoryoccasional tropical cyclones 
56flagCosta Ricaoccasional earthquakes hurricanes along Atlantic coast; frequent flooding of lowlands at onset of rainy season and landslides; active volcanoes 
57flagCroatiadestructive earthquakes 
58flagCubathe east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November 
59flagCuraçaoCuraçao is south of the Caribbean hurricane belt and is rarely threatened 
60flagCyprusmoderate earthquake activity; droughts 
61flagCzech Republicflooding 
62flagDemocratic Republic of the Congoperiodic droughts in south; Congo River floods 
63flagDenmarkflooding is a threat in some areas of the country 
64flagDjiboutiearthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods 
65flagDominicaflash floods are a constant threat; destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer months 
66flagDominican Republiclies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding; periodic droughts 
67flagEcuadorfrequent earthquakes; landslides; volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts 
68flagEgyptperiodic droughts; frequent earthquakes; flash floods; landslides; hot driving windstorms called khamsin occur in spring; dust storms; sandstorms 
69flagEl Salvadorknown as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes 
70flagEquatorial Guineaviolent windstorms; flash floods 
71flagEritreafrequent droughts rare earthquakes and volcanoes; locust swarms 
72flagEstoniasometimes flooding occurs in the spring 
73flagEswatinidrought 
74flagEthiopiageologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts 
75flagEuropean Unionflooding along coasts; avalanches in mountainous area; earthquakes in the south; volcanic eruptions in Italy; periodic droughts in Spain; ice floes in the Baltic Sea region 
76flagFalkland Islandsstrong winds persist throughout the year 
77flagFaroe Islandsstrong winds and heavy rains can occur throughout the year 
78flagFederated States of Micronesiatyphoons 
79flagFijicyclonic storms can occur from November to January 
80flagFinlandsevere winters in the north 
81flagFrench Polynesiaoccasional cyclonic storms in January 
82flagFrench Southern and Antarctic LandsIle Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are inactive volcanoes; Iles Éparses are subject to periodic cyclones; Bassas da India is a maritime hazard because it is under water for three hours before and after high tide 
83flagGabonnone 
84flagGaza Stripdroughts 
85flagGeorgiaearthquakes 
86flagGermanyflooding 
87flagGhanadry dusty northeastern harmattan winds from January to March; droughts 
88flagGibraltaroccasional droughts; no streams or large bodies of water on the peninsula 
89flagGreecesevere earthquakes 
90flagGreenlandcontinuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island 
91flagGrenadalies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November 
92flagGuamfrequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare but potentially destructive typhoons 
93flagGuatemalanumerous volcanoes in mountains with occasional violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast extremely susceptible to hurricanes and other tropical storms 
94flagGuernseyvery large tidal variation and fast currents can make local waters dangerous 
95flagGuinea-Bissauhot dry dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season; brush fires 
96flagGuineahot dry dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season 
97flagGuyanaflash flood threat during rainy seasons 
98flagHaitilies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts 
99flagHeard Island and McDonald IslandsMawson Peak an active volcano is on Heard Island 
100flagHoly Seeoccasional earthquakes 
101flagHondurasfrequent but generally mild earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast 
102flagHong Kongoccasional typhoons 
103flagIcelandearthquakes and volcanic activity 
104flagIndiadroughts; flash floods as well as widespread and destructive flooding from monsoonal rains; severe thunderstorms; earthquakes 
105flagIndian Oceanoccasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches 
106flagIndonesiaoccasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires 
107flagIranperiodic droughts floods; dust storms sandstorms; earthquakes 
108flagIraqdust storms; sandstorms; floods 
109flagIrelandrare extreme weather events 
110flagIsle of Manoccasional high winds and rough seas 
111flagIsraelsandstorms may occur during spring and summer; droughts; periodic earthquakes 
112flagItalyregional risks include landslides mudflows avalanches earthquakes volcanic eruptions flooding; land subsidence in Venice 
113flagJamaicahurricanes 
114flagJan Mayendominated by the volcano Beerenberg 
115flagJapanmany dormant and some active volcanoes; about 1500 seismic occurrences 
116flagJerseyvery large tidal variation can be hazardous to navigation 
117flagJordandroughts; periodic earthquakes; flash floods 
118flagKazakhstanearthquakes in the south; mudslides around Almaty 
119flagKenyarecurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons 
120flagKiribatityphoons can occur any time but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level 
121flagKuwaitsudden cloudbursts are common from October to April and bring heavy rain which can damage roads and houses; sandstorms and dust storms occur throughout the year but are most common between March and August 
122flagKyrgyzstanmajor flooding during snow melt; prone to earthquakes 
123flagLaosfloods droughts 
124flagLatvialarge percentage of agricultural fields can become waterlogged and require drainage 
125flagLebanonearthquakes; dust storms sandstorms 
126flagLesothoperiodic droughts 
127flagLiberiadust-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara 
128flagLibyahot dry dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms sandstorms 
129flagLiechtensteinavalanches landslides 
130flagLithuaniaoccasional floods droughts 
131flagLuxembourgoccasional flooding 
132flagMacautyphoons 
133flagMadagascarperiodic cyclones; drought; and locust infestation 
134flagMalawiflooding; droughts; earthquakes 
135flagMalaysiaflooding; landslides; forest fires 
136flagMaldivestsunamis; low elevation of islands makes them sensitive to sea level rise 
137flagMalihot dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding 
138flagMaltaoccasional droughts 
139flagMarshall Islandsinfrequent typhoons 
140flagMauritaniahot dry dust/sand-laden sirocco wind primarily in March and April; periodic droughts 
141flagMauritiuscyclones 
142flagMexicotsunamis along the Pacific coast; volcanoes and destructive earthquakes in the center and south; hurricanes on the Pacific Gulf of America and Caribbean coasts 
143flagMoldovalandslides 
144flagMonaconone 
145flagMongoliadust storms; grassland and forest fires; drought; 'zud' which is harsh winter conditions 
146flagMontenegrodestructive earthquakes 
147flagMontserratvolcanic eruptions; severe hurricanes 
148flagMoroccoin the north the mountains are geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts; windstorms; flash floods; landslides; in the south a hot dry dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time often severely restricting visibility 
149flagMozambiquesevere droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and southern provinces 
150flagMyanmardestructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during rainy season 
151flagNamibiaprolonged periods of drought 
152flagNauruperiodic droughts 
153flagNavassa Islandhurricanes 
154flagNepalsevere thunderstorms; flooding; landslides; drought and famine depending on the timing intensity and duration of the summer monsoons 
155flagNew Caledoniacyclones most frequent from November to March 
156flagNew Zealandearthquakes are common though usually not severe; volcanic activity 
157flagNicaraguadestructive earthquakes; volcanoes; landslides; extremely susceptible to hurricanes 
158flagNigerrecurring droughts 
159flagNigeriaperiodic droughts; flooding 
160flagNiuetropical cyclones 
161flagNorfolk Islandtropical cyclones 
162flagNorth Korealate spring droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall 
163flagNorth Macedoniahigh seismic risks 
164flagNorthern Mariana Islandsactive volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan; typhoons 
165flagNorwayrockslides avalanches 
166flagOmansummer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts 
167flagPacific Oceansurrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the 'Pacific Ring of Fire'; up to 90% of the world's earthquakes and some 75% of the world's volcanoes occur within the Ring of Fire; 80% of tsunamis caused by volcanic or seismic events occur within the 'Pacific Ring of Fire'; subject to tropical cyclones 
168flagPakistanfrequent earthquakes occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains 
169flagPalautyphoons 
170flagPanamaoccasional severe storms and forest fires in the Darien area 
171flagPapua New Guineaactive volcanism; frequent and sometimes severe earthquakes; mud slides; tsunamis 
172flagParacel Islandstyphoons 
173flagParaguaylocal flooding in southeast 
174flagPeruearthquakes tsunamis flooding landslides mild volcanic activity 
175flagPhilippinesastride typhoon belt usually affected by several cyclonic storms each year; landslides; active volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis 
176flagPitcairn Islandsoccasional tropical cyclones 
177flagPolandflooding 
178flagPortugalAzores subject to severe earthquakes 
179flagPuerto Ricoperiodic droughts; hurricanes 
180flagQatarhaze dust storms sandstorms common 
181flagRomaniaearthquakes most severe in south and southwest; geologic structure and climate promote landslides 
182flagRussiapermafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires in Siberia and parts of European Russia 
183flagRwandaperiodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga Mountains are in the northwest along the border with Democratic Republic of the Congo 
184flagSaint Helenaactive volcanism 
185flagSaint Kitts and Nevishurricanes 
186flagSaint Luciahurricanes 
187flagSaint Vincent and the Grenadineshurricanes; La Soufrière volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat 
188flagSaint-Martinsubject to hurricanes from July to November 
189flagSaint-Pierre and Miquelonpersistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard 
190flagSamoaoccasional cyclones; active volcanism 
191flagSan Marinooccasional earthquakes 
192flagSaudi Arabiafrequent sand and dust storms 
193flagSenegallowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts 
194flagSerbiadestructive earthquakes 
195flagSeychelleslies outside the cyclone belt so severe storms are rare; occasional short droughts 
196flagSierra Leonedry sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara 
197flagSingaporeflash floods 
198flagSint Maartensubject to hurricanes from July to November 
199flagSlovakiaflooding 
200flagSloveniaflooding; earthquakes 
201flagSolomon Islandstropical cyclones but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earthquakes tremors and volcanic activity; tsunamis 
202flagSomaliarecurring droughts; frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer; floods during rainy season 
203flagSouth Africaprolonged droughts 
204flagSouth Georgia and South Sandwich Islandsthe South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism 
205flagSouth Koreaoccasional typhoons bring high winds and floods; low-level seismic activity common in southwest 
206flagSouthern Oceanhuge icebergs with drafts up to several hundred meters; smaller bergs and iceberg fragments; sea ice 
207flagSpainperiodic droughts occasional flooding 
208flagSpratly Islandstyphoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard 
209flagSri Lankaoccasional cyclones and tornadoes 
210flagSudandust storms and periodic persistent droughts 
211flagSurinameflooding 
212flagSvalbardice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund 
213flagSwedenice floes in the surrounding waters especially in the Gulf of Bothnia can interfere with maritime traffic 
214flagSwitzerlandavalanches landslides; flash floods 
215flagSyriadust storms sandstorms 
216flagSão Tomé and Príncipeflooding 
217flagTaiwanearthquakes; typhoons 
218flagTajikistanearthquakes; floods 
219flagTanzaniaflooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought 
220flagThailandland subsidence in Bangkok area resulting from the depletion of the water table; droughts 
221flagThe Bahamashurricanes and other tropical storms cause extensive flood and wind damage 
222flagThe Gambiadroughts 
223flagThe Netherlandsflooding 
224flagTimor-Lestefloods and landslides are common; earthquakes; tsunamis; tropical cyclones 
225flagTogohot dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts 
226flagTokelaulies in Pacific cyclone belt 
227flagTongacyclones 
228flagTrinidad and Tobagooutside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms 
229flagTunisiaflooding; earthquakes; droughts 
230flagTurkeysevere earthquakes especially in northern Turkey along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van; landslides; flooding 
231flagTurkmenistanearthquakes; mudslides; droughts; dust storms; floods 
232flagTurks and Caicos Islandsfrequent hurricanes 
233flagTuvalusevere tropical storms are usually rare but in 1997 there were three cyclones; low levels of islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level 
234flagU.S. Virgin Islandsseveral hurricanes in recent years; frequent and severe droughts and floods; occasional earthquakes 
235flagUgandadroughts; floods; earthquakes; landslides; hailstorms 
236flagUkraineoccasional floods; occasional droughts 
237flagUnited Arab Emiratesfrequent sand and dust storms 
238flagUnited Kingdomwinter windstorms; floods 
239flagUnited Statestsunamis; volcanoes; earthquake activity around Pacific Basin; hurricanes along the Atlantic and Gulf of America coasts; tornadoes in the Midwest and Southeast; mud slides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska is a major impediment to development 
240flagUruguayseasonally high winds 
241flagUzbekistanearthquakes; floods; landslides or mudslides; avalanches; droughts 
242flagVanuatutropical cyclones 
243flagVenezuelasubject to floods rockslides mudslides; periodic droughts 
244flagVietnamoccasional typhoons 
245flagWake Islandsubject to occasional typhoons 
246flagWallis and Futunacyclones; tsunamis 
247flagWest Bankdroughts 
248flagYemensandstorms and dust storms in summer 
249flagZambiaperiodic drought; tropical storms 
250flagZimbabwerecurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare 


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