Statistical information Argentina 1989Argentina

Map of Argentina | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Argentina in the World
Argentina in the World

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Argentina - Introduction 1989
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Background: A part of the Spanish empire until independence in 1816, Argentina subsequently experienced periods of internal political conflict between conservatives and liberals and between civilian and military factions. Meantime, thanks to rich natural resources and foreign investment, a modern agriculture and a diversified industry were gradually developed. After World War II, a long period of Peronist dictatorship was followed by rule by a military junta. Democratic elections finally came in 1983, but both the political and economic atmosphere remain susceptible to turmoil.


Argentina - Geography 1989
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Location

Geographic coordinates

Map reference

Area

Land boundaries:
9,665 km total
Bolivia 832 km, Brazil 1,224 km, Chile 5,150 km, Paraguay 1,880 km, Uruguay 579 km


Coastline: 4,989 km

Maritime claims
Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation
Territorial sea: 200 nm (overflight and navigation permitted beyond 12 nm)

Climate: mostly temperate; arid in southeast; subantarctic in southwest

Terrain: rich plains of the Pampas in northern half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagonia in south, rugged Andes along western border

Elevation

Natural resources: fertile plains of the pampas, lead, zinc, tin, copper, iron ore, manganese, crude oil, uranium
Land use

Land use: 9% arable land; 4% permanent crops; 52% meadows and pastures; 22% forest and woodland; 13% other; includes 1% irrigated

Irrigated land

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography
Note: second-largest country in South America (after Brazil; strategic location relative to sea lanes between South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage)


Argentina - People 1989
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Population: 31,914,473 (July 1989), growth rate 1.2% (1989)

Nationality: noun - Argentine(s; adjective - Argentine

Ethnic groups: 85% white, 15% mestizo, Indian, or other nonwhite groups

Languages: Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French

Religions: 90% nominally Roman Catholic (less than 20% practicing), 2% Protestant, 2% Jewish, 6% other

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate

Birth rate: 20 births/1000 population (1989)

Death rate: 9 deaths/1000 population (1989)

Net migration rate: NEGL migrants/1000 population (1989)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: Tucuman and Mendoza areas in Andes subject to earthquakes; pamperos are violent windstorms that can strike Pampas and northeast; irrigated soil degradation; desertification

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 32 deaths/1000 live births (1989)

Life expectancy at birth: 67 years male, 74 years female (1989)

Total fertility rate: 2.8 children born/woman (1989)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: 94%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Argentina - Government 1989
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Country name: conventional long form: Argentine Republic

Government type: republic

Capital: Buenos Aires (tentative plans to move to Viedma by 1990)

Administrative divisions: 22 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 national territory* (territorio nacional), and 1 district** (distrito; Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Chubut, Cordoba, Corrientes, Distrito Federal**, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, Santiago del Estero, Tierra del Fuego and Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur*, Tucuman

Dependent areas

Independence: 9 July 1816 (from Spain)

National holiday: National Day, 25 May (1810)

Constitution: 1 May 1853

Legal system: mixture of US and West European legal systems; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: universal at age 18

Executive branch: Chief of State and Head of Government - President Carlos Saul MENEM (since 8 July 1989)

Legislative branch: Argentine Army, Navy of the Argentine Republic, Argentine Air Force, National Gendarmerie, Argentine Naval Prefecture, National Aeronautical Police

Judicial branch

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: CCC, FAO, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, IDA, IDB - Inter-American Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, ISO, ITU, IWC - International Whaling Commission, IWC - International Wheat Council, LAIA, NAM, OAS, PAHO, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO, WSG

Diplomatic representation
In the us: Ambassador Enrique J. A. CANDIOTI; Chancery at 1600 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington DC 20,009; telephone (202) 939-6,400 through 6,403; there are Argentine Consulates General in Houston, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico), and Consulates in Baltimore, Chicago, and Los Angeles; US - Ambassador Theodore E. GILDRED; Embassy at 4,300 Colombia, 1425 Buenos Aires (mailing address is APO Miami 34,034; telephone Õ54å (1) 774-7,611 or 8,811, 9,911

Flag descriptionflag of Argentina: three equal horizontal bands of light blue (top), white, and light blue; centered in the white band is a radiant yellow sun with a human face known as the Sun of May

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Argentina - Economy 1989
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Economy overview: Argentina has rich natural resources, a highly literate population, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base. Nevertheless, the economy has encountered major problems in recent years. Economic growth slowed to 2.0% in 1987, down from the 5.5% registered in 1986. The widening public sector deficit and a triple-digit inflation rate dominated the economy in 1987 and into 1988. Since 1978, Argentina's external debt has nearly doubled to more than $58 billion, creating severe debt-servicing difficulties and hurting the country's creditworthiness with international lenders.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate

Real gdp per capita

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for 15% of GDP (including fishing; produces abundant food for both domestic consumption and exports; among world's top five exporters of grain and beef; principal crops - wheat, corn, sorghum, soybeans, sugar beets; fish catch estimated at 500,000 metric tons in 1987

Industries: food processing (especially meat packing), motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel

Industrial production growth rate: - 0.6% (1988)

Labor force:
10,900,000; 12% agriculture, 31%
industry, 57%
services (1985 est.)

Labor force

Unemployment rate: 6.5% (1988 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $7.1 billion; expenditures $9.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1987)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $6.3 billion (f.o.b., 1987)
Commodities: meat, wheat, corn, oilseed, hides, wool
Partners: US 14%, USSR, Italy, Brazil, Japan, Netherlands

Imports: $5.8 billion (c.i.f., 1987)
Commodities: machinery and equipment, chemical, metals, fuel and lubricants, agricultural products
Partners: US 20%, Brazil, FRG, Bolivia, Japan, Italy, Netherlands

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $58.0 billion (December 1988)

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: australes (A) per US$1 - 13.3 (end December 1988), 2.1443 (1987), 0.9430 (1986), 0.6018 (1985; black-market rate 550 (July 1989)


Argentina - Energy 1989
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Electricity
Capacity: 16,058,000 kW capacity; 48,034 million kWh produced, 1,520 kWh per capita (1988)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Argentina - Communication 1989
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Argentina - Military 1989
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Military expenditures
Dollar figure: NA

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Argentina - Transportation 1989
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 1,834 total, 1,655 usable; 129 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m; 29 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 336 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Heliports

Pipelines: 4,090 km crude oil; 2,900 km refined products; 9,918 km natural gas

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 11,000 km navigable

Merchant marine: 138 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,686,755 GRT/2,655,211 DWT; includes 49 cargo, 6 refrigerated cargo, 6 container, 1 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 1 railcar carrier, 52 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 2 chemical tanker, 5 liquefied gas, 16 bulk; note - in addition, 1 naval tanker and 1 naval transport are sometimes used commercially

Ports and terminals


Argentina - Transnational issues 1989
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Disputes international: short section of the boundary with Uruguay is in dispute; short section of the boundary with Chile is indefinite; claims British-administered Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas; claims British-administered South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; territorial claim in Antarctica

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs


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