Statistical information Cuba 1989Cuba

Map of Cuba | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Cuba in the World
Cuba in the World

Pierre et Vacances


Cuba - Introduction 1989
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Background: Fidel CASTRO led a rebel army to victory in 1959, and his guiding vision has defined Cuba's Communist revolution while his iron will has held the country together for more than four decades. CASTRO brought Cuba onto the world stage by inviting Soviet support in the 1960s, inciting revolutionary movements throughout Latin America and Africa in the 1970s, and sending his army to fight in Angola in the 1980s. At home, Havana provided Cubans with high levels of healthcare, education, and social security while suppressing the Roman Catholic Church and arresting political dissidents.


Cuba - Geography 1989
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Location

Geographic coordinates

Map reference

Area

Land boundaries:
29.1 km with US Naval Base at Guantanamo
note - Guantanamo is leased and as such remains part of Cuba


Coastline: 3,735 km

Maritime claims
Continental shelf: 200 m
Extended economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Climate: tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April; rainy season (May to October)

Terrain: mostly flat to rolling plains with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast

Elevation

Natural resources: cobalt, nickel, iron ore, copper, manganese, salt, timber, silica
Land use

Land use: 23% arable land; 6% permanent crops; 23% meadows and pastures; 17% forest and woodland; 31% other; includes 10% irrigated

Irrigated land

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography
Note: largest country in Caribbean; 145 km south of Florida


Cuba - People 1989
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Population: 10,450,360 (July 1989), growth rate 0.9% (1989)

Nationality: noun - Cuban(s; adjective - Cuban

Ethnic groups: 51% mulatto, 37% white, 11% black, 1% Chinese

Languages: Spanish

Religions: at least 85% nominally Roman Catholic before Castro assumed power

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate

Birth rate: 17 births/1000 population (1989)

Death rate: 7 deaths/1000 population (1989)

Net migration rate: - 1 migrant/1000 population (1989)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: averages one hurricane every other year

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 16 deaths/1000 live births (1989)

Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 74 years female (1989)

Total fertility rate: 1.8 children born/woman (1989)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: 98.5%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Cuba - Government 1989
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Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Cuba

Government type: Communist state

Capital: Havana

Administrative divisions: 13 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city** (ciudad), and 1 municipality* (municipio; Camaguey, Ciego de Avila, Cienfuegos, Granma, Guantanamo, La Habana**, La Habana, Holguin, Isla de la Juventud*, Las Tunas, Matanzas, Pinar del Rio, Sancti Spiritus, Santiago de Cuba, Villa Clara

Dependent areas

Independence: 20 May 1902 (from Spain)

National holiday: Revolution Day, 1 January (1959)

Constitution: 24 February 1976

Legal system: based on Spanish and American law, with large elements of Communist legal theory; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: universal but not compulsory over age 16

Executive branch: Chief of State and Head of Government - President Fidel CASTRO Ruz (since 1 January 1959)

Legislative branch: Revolutionary Armed Forces (Ground Forces, Revolutionary Navy, Air and Air Defense Force), Ministry of Interior Special Troops, Border Guard Troops, Territorial Militia Troops, Youth Labor Army

Judicial branch

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: CEMA, ECLA, FAO, G-77, GATT, GEPLACEA - Latin America and Caribbean Sugar Exporters Organization, IADB (nonparticipant), IAEA, ICAO, IFAD, ICO, IHO, ILO, IMO, IRC, ISO, ITU, IWC - International Wheat Council, NAM, OAS (nonparticipant), PAHO, Permanent Court of Arbitration, Postal Union of the Americas and Spain, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us: none; protecting power in the US is Czechoslovakia - Cuban Interests Section; Counselor Ramon SANCHEZ-PARODI; 2,630 and 2,639 16th Street NW, Washington DC 20,009; telephone (202) 797-8,518 or 8,519, 8,520, 8,609, 8,610; US - protecting power in Cuba is Switzerland - US Interests Section; Principal Officer John J. TAYLOR; Calzada entre L y M, Vedado Seccion, Havana; telephone 320,551 or 320,543

Flag descriptionflag of Cuba: five equal horizontal bands of blue (top and bottom) alternating with white; a red equilateral triangle based on the hoist side bears a white five-pointed star in the center

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Cuba - Economy 1989
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Economy overview: The economy is centrally planned and largely state owned and is highly dependent on the agricultural sector. Sugar provides about 75% of export revenues and is mostly exported to the USSR and other CEMA countries under long-term agreements. Citrus production, also aimed at the export market, had by 1987 risen nearly four-fold from its 1980 level. Over the past decade the fishing industry has expanded, reaching a record catch of 245,000 tons in 1986. Fish exports are sold in hard currency markets. Cuba has about one-tenth of the world's known nickel reserves, nickel being its second-largest export earner after sugar. In 1987 industrial sector output declined by 3.7%. Economic growth has been sluggish with overall productivity falling 3.5% in 1987. Cuba continues to have difficulty in servicing its foreign debt and since 1982 has asked Western creditors to reschedule payments on both short- and long-term loans.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate

Real gdp per capita

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: sugar, tobacco, rice, potatoes, tubers, citrus, coffee

Industries: sugar milling, petroleum refining, food and tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, paper and wood products, metals (particularly nickel), cement, fertilizers, consumer goods, agricultural machinery

Industrial production growth rate: 3% (1988)

Labor force:
3,300,000; 30%
services and government, 29%
industry, 13% agriculture, 11% commerce, 10% construction, 7% transportation and communications (1987)

Labor force

Unemployment rate

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $11.3 billion; expenditures $11.8 billion, including capi tal expenditures of $NA (1987)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $5.4 billion (f.o.b., 1987)
Commodities: sugar, nickel, shellfish, citrus, tobacco, coffee
Partners: USSR 72%, other Communist countries 15%

Imports: $7.6 billion (c.i.f., 1987)
Commodities: capital goods, industrial raw materials, food, petroleum
Partners: USSR 72%, other Communist countries 14% (1987)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $6.2 billion (convertible currency, March 1988 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Cuban pesos (Cu$) per US$1 - 1.0000; linked to the US$


Cuba - Energy 1989
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Electricity
Capacity: 3,991,000 kW capacity; 15,972 million kWh produced, 1,540 kWh per capita (1988)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Cuba - Communication 1989
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Cuba - Military 1989
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Military expenditures
Dollar figure: NA

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Cuba - Transportation 1989
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 197 total, 171 usable; 69 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m; 13 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 18 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 240 km

Merchant marine: 89 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 679,207 GRT/976,408 DWT; includes 58 cargo, 7 refrigerated cargo, 3 cargo/training, 10 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1 chemical tanker, 2 liquefied gas, 8 bulk; note - Cuba beneficially owns an additional 23 ships (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 199,213 DWT under the registry of Panama and Malta

Ports and terminals


Cuba - Transnational issues 1989
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Disputes international: US Naval Base at Guantanamo is leased to US and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs


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