Statistical information Georgia 1992
Georgia in the World
Georgia - Introduction 1992
top of pageBackground: Georgia has been beset by ethnic and civil strife since independence in 1991.
Georgia - Geography 1992
top of pageLocation
Geographic coordinates
Map reference
Area
Total: 69,700 km²
Land: 69,700 km²
Comparative: slightly larger than South Carolina
Land boundaries: 1,461 km; Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km
Coastline: 310 km
Maritime claims
Contiguous zone: NA nm
Continental Shelf: NA meter depth
Exclusive economic zone: NA nm
Exclusive fishing zone: NA nm
Territorial sea:
NA nm, Georgian claims unknown; 12 nm in 1973
USSR-Turkish Protocol concerning the sea boundary between the two states in the Black Sea
USSR-Turkish Protocol concerning the sea boundary between the two states in the Black Sea
Disputes: none
Climate: warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
Terrain:
largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Colchis lowland opens to the
Black Sea in the west; Kura River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Colchis lowland
Black Sea in the west; Kura River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Colchis lowland
Elevation
Natural resources: forest lands, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ores, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth
Land use
Land use: NA% arable land; NA% permanent crops; NA% meadows and pastures; NA% forest and woodland; NA% other; includes 200,000 hectares irrigated
Irrigated land
Major rivers
Major watersheds area km²
Total water withdrawal
Total renewable water resources
Natural hazards
Geography
Georgia - People 1992
top of pagePopulation: 5,570,978 (July 1992), growth rate 0.8% (1992)
Nationality: noun - Georgian(s; adjective - Georgian
Ethnic groups:
Georgian 68.8%, Armenian 9.0%, Russian Azari 5.1%,
Ossetian 3.2%, Abkhaz 1.7%, other 4.8%
Ossetian 3.2%, Abkhaz 1.7%, other 4.8%
Languages:
Georgian (official language) 71%, Russian 9%, other 20% -
Armenian 7%, Azerbaijani 6%
Armenian 7%, Azerbaijani 6%
Religions:
Russian Orthodox 10%, Georgian Orthodox 65%, Armenian
Orthodox 8%, Muslim 11%, unknown 6%
Orthodox 8%, Muslim 11%, unknown 6%
Demographic profile
Age structure
Age structure
Dependency ratios
Median age
Population growth rate
Birth rate: 17 births/1000 population (1992)
Death rate: 9 deaths/1000 population (1992)
Net migration rate: 1 migrant/1000 population (1992)
Population distribution
Urbanization
Major urban areas
Environment
Current issues:
air pollution, particularly in Rustavi; heavy pollution of
Kura River, Black Sea
Kura River, Black Sea
Air pollutants
Sex ratio
Mothers mean age at first birth
Maternal mortality ratio
Infant mortality rate: 34 deaths/1000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth: 67 years male, 75 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate: 2.2 children born/woman (1992)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
Drinking water source
Current health expenditure
Physicians density
Hospital bed density
Sanitation facility access
Hiv/Aids
Major infectious diseases
Obesity adult prevalence rate
Alcohol consumption
Tobacco use
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
Education expenditures
Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write
School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Youth unemployment
Georgia - Government 1992
top of pageCountry name
Conventional long form: Republic of Georgia
Government type: republic
Capital: T'bilisi (Tbilisi)
Administrative divisions:
2 autonomous republics (avtomnoy respubliki, singular - avtom respublika); Abkhazia (Sukhumi), Ajaria (Batumi); note - the administrative centers of the autonomous republics are included in parentheses; there are no oblasts - the rayons around T'bilisi are under direct republic jurisdiction; also included is the South Ossetia Autonomous
Oblast
Oblast
Dependent areas
Independence:
9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union); formerly Georgian Soviet
Socialist Republic
Socialist Republic
National holiday: Independence Day, 9 April 1991
Constitution: adopted NA, effective NA
Legal system: NA
International law organization participation
Citizenship
Suffrage: universal at age 18
Georgian Parliament:
last held November 1990; results - 7-party coalition Round Table - Free Georgia 62%, other 38%; seats - (250) Round
Table - Free Georgia 155, other 95
Table - Free Georgia 155, other 95
President: Zviad GAMSAKHURDIYA, 87% of vote
Executive branch:
State Council, chairman of State Council, Council of
Ministers, prime minister
Ministers, prime minister
Legislative branch: unicameral Supreme Soviet
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders
International organization participation: CSCE, IMF, World Bank
Diplomatic representation:
Ambassador NA, Chancery at NA NW, Washington,
DC 200_; telephone (202) NA
DC 200_; telephone (202) NA
US: Ambassador NA; Embassy at NA (mailing address is APO New York 9,862)
Diplomatic representation
Flag description
: maroon field with small rectangle in upper left corner; rectangle divided horizontally with black on top, white belowNational symbols
National anthem
National heritage
Georgia - Economy 1992
top of pageEconomy overview:
Among the former Soviet republics, Georgia is noted for its
Black Sea tourist industry, its large output of citrus fruits and tea, and the amazing diversity of an industrial sector that accounted, however, for less than 2% of the USSR's output. Another salient characteristic of the economy has been a flourishing private sector (compared with the other republics). Almost 30% of the labor force is employed in agriculture and 18% in industry. Mineral resources consist of manganese and copper, and, to a lesser extent, molybdenum, arsenic, tungsten, and mercury. Except for very small quantities of domestic oil, gas, and coal, fuel must be imported from neighboring republics. Oil and its products are delivered by pipeline from
Azerbaijan to the port of Batumi for export and local refining. Gas is supplied in pipelines from Krasnodar and Stavropol'. Georgia is nearly self-sufficient in electric power, thanks to abundant hydropower stations as well as some thermal power stations. The dismantling of central economic controls is being delayed by political factionalism, marked by armed struggles between the elected government and the opposition, and industrial output seems to have fallen more steeply in Georgia in 1991 than in any other of the former Soviet republics. To prevent further economic decline,
Georgia must establish domestic peace and must maintain economic ties to the other former Soviet republics while developing new links to the West.
Black Sea tourist industry, its large output of citrus fruits and tea, and the amazing diversity of an industrial sector that accounted, however, for less than 2% of the USSR's output. Another salient characteristic of the economy has been a flourishing private sector (compared with the other republics). Almost 30% of the labor force is employed in agriculture and 18% in industry. Mineral resources consist of manganese and copper, and, to a lesser extent, molybdenum, arsenic, tungsten, and mercury. Except for very small quantities of domestic oil, gas, and coal, fuel must be imported from neighboring republics. Oil and its products are delivered by pipeline from
Azerbaijan to the port of Batumi for export and local refining. Gas is supplied in pipelines from Krasnodar and Stavropol'. Georgia is nearly self-sufficient in electric power, thanks to abundant hydropower stations as well as some thermal power stations. The dismantling of central economic controls is being delayed by political factionalism, marked by armed struggles between the elected government and the opposition, and industrial output seems to have fallen more steeply in Georgia in 1991 than in any other of the former Soviet republics. To prevent further economic decline,
Georgia must establish domestic peace and must maintain economic ties to the other former Soviet republics while developing new links to the West.
GDP: purchasing power equivalent - $NA; per capita $NA; real growth rate - 23% (1991)
Real gdp purchasing power parity
Real gdp growth rate
Real gdp per capita ppp
Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end use
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture products: accounted for 97% of former USSR citrus fruits and 93% of former USSR tea; berries and grapes; sugar; vegetables, grains, and potatoes; cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and poultry
Industries: Heavy industrial products include raw steel, rolled steel, cement, lumber; machine tools, foundry equipment, electric mining locomotives, tower cranes, electric welding equipment, machinery for food preparation, meat packing, dairy, and fishing industries; air-conditioning electric motors up to 100 kW in size, electric motors for cranes, magnetic starters for motors; devices for control of industrial processes; trucks, tractors, and other farm machinery; light industrial products, including cloth, hosiery, and shoes
Industrial production growth rate: growth rate - 19% (1991)
Labor force: 2,834,000; agriculture 29.1% (1988), government NA%, industry 17.8%, other 53.1%
Organized labor: NA
Labor force
Unemployment rate: NA%
Youth unemployment
Population below poverty line
Gini index
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Distribution of family income gini index
Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA million (1991)
Public debt
Taxes and other revenues
Revenue
Fiscal year: calendar year
Current account balance
Inflation rate consumer prices
Central bank discount rate
Commercial bank prime lending rate
Stock of narrow money
Stock of broad money
Stock of domestic credit
Market value of publicly traded shares
Current account balance
Exports: $176 million (f.o.b., 1990)
Commodoties: citrus fruits, tea, other agricultural products; diverse types of machinery; ferrous and nonferrous metals; textiles
Partners: NA
Imports: $1.5 billion (c.i.f., 1990)
Commodoties: machinery and parts, fuel, transport equipment, textiles
Partners: NA
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Debt external
Stock of direct foreign investment at home
Stock of direct foreign investment abroad
Exchange rates: NA
Georgia - Energy 1992
top of pageElectricity access
Electricity production: 4,575,000 kW capacity; 15,300 million kWh produced, about 2,600 kWh per capita (1991)
Electricity consumption
Electricity exports
Electricity imports
Electricity installed generating capacity
Electricity transmission distribution losses
Electricity generation sources
Petroleum
Refined petroleum
Natural gas
Carbon dioxide emissions
Energy consumption per capita
Georgia - Communication 1992
top of pageTelephones fixed lines
Telephones mobile cellular
Telephone system
Broadcast media
Internet country code
Internet users
Broadband fixed subscriptions
Georgia - Military 1992
top of pageMilitary expenditures
Percent of gdp: $NA, NA% of GNP
Military and security forces
Military service age and obligation
Space program
Terrorist groups
Georgia - Transportation 1992
top of pageNational air transport system
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
Airports:
NA total, NA usable; NA with permanent-surface runways; NA
with runways over 3,659 m; NA
with runways 2,440-3,659 m; NA
with runways 1,220-2,439 m
with runways over 3,659 m; NA
with runways 2,440-3,659 m; NA
with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Airports with paved runways
Airports with unpaved runways
Heliports
Pipelines: crude oil NA km, refined products NA km, natural gas NA km
Railways
Roadways
Waterways: NA km perennially navigable
Merchant marine:
54 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 715,802
GRT/1,108,068 DWT; includes 16 bulk cargo, 34 oil tanker, 2 chemical tanker, and 2 specialized liquid carrier
GRT/1,108,068 DWT; includes 16 bulk cargo, 34 oil tanker, 2 chemical tanker, and 2 specialized liquid carrier
Civil air: NA major transport aircraft
Ports and terminals
Georgia - Transnational issues 1992
top of pageDisputes international
Refugees and internally displaced persons
Illicit drugs: illicit producers of cannabis and opium; mostly for domestic consumption; status of government eradication programs unknown; used as transshipment points for illicit drugs to Western Europe