Map of San Marino | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024 | More stats

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Background: The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.


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Location

Geographic coordinates

Map reference

Area
Total: 60 km²
Land: 60 km²
Comparative: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries: 39 km; Italy 39 km

Coastline: none - landlocked

Maritime claims: none - landlocked
Disputes: none

Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers

Terrain: rugged mountains

Elevation

Natural resources: building stones

Land use: arable land: 17%; permanent crops: 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 0%; other 83%

Irrigated land

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


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Population: 23,404 (July 1992), growth rate 0.6% (1992)

Nationality:

Ethnic groups: Sanmarinese, Italian

Languages: Italian

Religions: Roman Catholic

Demographic profile

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate

Birth rate: 8 births/1000 population (1992)

Death rate: 7 deaths/1000 population (1992)

Net migration rate: 5 migrants/1000 population (1992)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: dominated by the Appenines
Current issues note: landlocked; world's smallest republic; enclave of Italy

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 8 deaths/1000 live births (1992)

Life expectancy at birth: 74 years male, 79 years female (1992)

Total fertility rate: 1.3 children born/woman (1992)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: 96% (male 96%, female 95%) age 14 and over can read and write (1976)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of San Marino

Government type: republic

Capital: San Marino

Administrative divisions:

Dependent areas

Independence: 301 AD (by tradition)

National holiday:

Constitution: 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution

Legal system: based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: universal at age 18
Great and General Council:
Communists: about 300 members

Executive branch: two captains regent, Congress of State (cabinet; real executive power is wielded by the secretary of state for foreign affairs and the secretary of state for internal affairs

Legislative branch:

Judicial branch: Council of Twelve (Consiglio dei XII)

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: CE, CSCE, ICAO, ICFTU, ILO, IMF (observer), IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, LORCS, NAM (guest), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WTO
Diplomatic representation:
US: no mission in San Marino, but the Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino; Consulate General at Lungarno Amerigo Vespucci, 38, 50,123 Firenze, Italy (mailing address is APO AE 9,613; telephone 39 (55) 239-8,276 through 8,279 and 217-605; FAX 39 (55) 284-088

Diplomatic representation

Flag description: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: More than 2 million tourists visit each year, contributing about 60% to GDP. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is another important income producer. The manufacturing sector employs nearly 40% of the labor force and agriculture less than 4%. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to northern Italy.
GDP: purchasing power equivalent - $400 million, per capita $17,000; real growth rate NA% (1991 est.)

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate

Real gdp per capita

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: employs less than 4% of labor force; products - wheat, grapes, corn, olives, meat, cheese, hides; small numbers of cattle, pigs, horses; depends on Italy for food imports

Industries: wine, olive oil, cement, leather, textile, tourism

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate NA%

Labor force: about 4,300
Organized labor:

Unemployment rate: 6.5% (1985)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget:

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports

Imports: see

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,248.4 (March 1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990), 1,372.1 (1989), 1,301.6 (1988), 1,296.1 (1987)


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Electricity
Production: supplied by Italy

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs