Statistical information Singapore 1992

Singapore in the World
top of pageBackground: Founded as a British trading colony in 1819 Singapore joined Malaysia in 1963 but withdrew two years later and became independent. It subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's busiest) and with per capita GDP above that of the leading nations of Western Europe.
top of pageLocationGeographic coordinatesMap referenceAreaTotal: 632.6 km²
Land: 622.6 km²
Comparative: slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: none
Coastline: 193 km
Maritime claimsExclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
Territorial sea: 3 nm
Disputes: two islands in dispute with Malaysia
Climate: tropical; hot, humid, rainy; no pronounced rainy or dry seasons; thunderstorms occur on 40% of all days (67% of days in April)
Terrain: lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve
ElevationNatural resources: fish, deepwater ports
Land use: arable land: 4%; permanent crops: 7%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 5%; other 84%
Irrigated landMajor riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazardsGeographytop of pagePopulation: 2,792,092 (July 1992), growth rate 1.3% (1992)
Nationality: noun - Singaporean(s; adjective - Singapore
Ethnic groups: Chinese 76.4%, Malay 14.9%, Indian 6.4%, other 2.3%
Languages: Chinese, Malay, Tamil, and English (all official; Malay (national)
Religions:
majority of Chinese are Buddhists or atheists; Malays are nearly all Muslim (minorities include Christians, Hindus, Sikhs, Taoists,
Confucianists)
Demographic profileAge structureDependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rateBirth rate: 18 births/1000 population (1992)
Death rate: 5 deaths/1000 population (1992)
Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1000 population (1992)
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues: mostly urban and industrialized
Current issues note: focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes
Air pollutantsSex ratioMothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 6 deaths/1000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth: 73 years male, 78 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate: 1.9 children born/woman (1992)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracy: 88% (male 93%, female 84%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: Republic of Singapore
Government type: republic within Commonwealth
Capital: Singapore
Administrative divisions: none
Dependent areasIndependence: 9 August 1965 (from Malaysia)
National holiday: National Day, 9 August (1965)
Constitution: 3 June 1959, amended 1965; based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution
Legal system:
based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction
International law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrage: universal and compulsory at age 20
President: last held 31 August 1989 (next to be held NA August 1993); results - President WEE Kim Wee was reelected by Parliament without opposition
Parliament: last held 31 August 1991 (next to be held 31 August 1996); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (81 total) PAP 77, SDP 3, WP 1
Communists:200-500; Barisan Sosialis infiltrated by Communists; note -
Communist party illegal
Executive branch:
president, prime minister, two deputy prime ministers,
Cabinet
Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leadersInternational organization participation:
APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC,
ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WMO
Diplomatic representation:Ambassador S. R. NATHAN; Chancery at 1824 R
Street NW, Washington, DC 20,009; telephone (202) 667-7,555
US: Ambassador Robert D. ORR; Embassy at 30 Hill Street, Singapore 0617 (mailing address is FPO AP 96,534); telephone 65 338-0251; FAX 65 338-4,550
Diplomatic representationFlag description
: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white five-pointed stars arranged in a circle
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: Singapore has an open entrepreneurial economy with strong service and manufacturing sectors and excellent international trading links derived from its entrepot history. During the 1970s and early 1980s, the economy expanded rapidly, achieving an average annual growth rate of 9%. Per capita GDP is among the highest in Asia. The economy grew at a respectable 6.5% in 1991, down from 8.3% in 1990, in part because of a slowdown in overseas demand and lower growth in the financial and business services sector.
GDP: exchange rate conversion - $38.3 billion, per capita $13,900; real growth rate 6.5% (1991 est.)
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rateReal gdp per capitaGross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture products: occupies a position of minor importance in the economy; self-sufficient in poultry and eggs; must import much of other food; major crops - rubber, copra, fruit, vegetables
Industries: petroleum refining, electronics, oil drilling equipment, rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, entrepot trade, financial services, biotechnology
Industrial production growth rate:
growth rate 9% (1991 est.); accounts for 29% of
GDP (1990)
Labor force: 1,485,800; financial, business, and other services 30.2%, manufacturing 28.4%, commerce 22.0%, construction 9.0%, other 10.4% (1990)
Organized labor: 210,000; 16.1% of labor force (1989)
Unemployment rate: 1.5% (1991 est.)
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty lineGini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudget: revenues $9.8 billion; expenditures $9.0 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.8 billion (FY91 est.)
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExports: $57.8 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
Commodoties: includes transshipments to Malaysia - petroleum products, rubber, electronics, manufactured goods
Partners: US 20%, Malaysia 15%, Japan 9%, Hong Kong 7%, Thailand 6%
Imports: $65.8 billion (c.i.f., 1991 est.)
Commodoties: includes transshipments from Malaysia - capital equipment, petroleum, chemicals, manufactured goods, foodstuffs
Partners: Japan 21%, US 16%, Malaysia 15%, Taiwan 4%
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt externalStock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: Singapore dollars (S$) per US$1 - 1.6596 (March 1992), 1.7276 (1991), 1.8125 (1990), 1.9503 (1989), 2.0124 (1988), 2.1060 (1987)
top of pageElectricityProduction: 4,000,000 kW capacity; 14,400 million kWh produced, 5,300 kWh per capita (1990)
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephonesTelephone systemBroadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresPercent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $1.7 billion, 4% of GDP (1990 est.)
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports:
10 total, 10 usable; 10 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m; 4
with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 3
with runways 1,220-2,439 m
HeliportsPipelinesRailwaysRoadwaysWaterwaysMerchant marine:
468 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,751,619
GRT/14,195,718 DWT; includes 1 passenger-cargo, 126 cargo, 74 container, 7 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 5 refrigerated cargo, 18 vehicle carrier, 1 livestock carrier, 144 petroleum tanker, 5 chemical tanker, 4 combination ore/oil, 1 specialized tanker, 5 liquefied gas, 74 bulk, 2 combination bulk, 1 short-sea passenger; note - many Singapore flag ships are foreign owned
Civil air: 38 major transport aircraft (est.)
Ports and terminalstop of pageDisputes internationalRefugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs