Map of Angola | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide19891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023 | More stats

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Background: Civil war has been the norm since independence from Portugal on 11 November 1975. A cease-fire lasted from 31 May 1991 until October 1992 when the insurgent National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) refused to accept its defeat in internationally monitored elections and fighting resumed throughout much of the countryside.


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Location:

Geographic coordinates

Map reference: Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total: 1,246,700 km²
Land: 1,246,700 km²

Land boundaries: total 5,198 km, Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zaire 2,511 km, Zambia 1,110 km

Coastline: 1,600 km
Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 20 nm

Maritime claims

Climate: semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)

Terrain: narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau

Elevation

Natural resources: petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold, bauxite, uranium
Arable land: 2%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 23%
Forest and woodland: 43%
Other: 32%

Land use

Irrigated land: NA km²

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


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Population: 9,545,235 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 2.67% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Angolan(s)
Adjective: Angolan

Ethnic groups:

Languages: Portuguese (official), Bantu dialects

Religions: indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (est.)

Demographic profile

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 2.67% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 45.8 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 18.96 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: -0.15 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on plateau; desertification
Current issues note: Cabinda is separated from rest of country by Zaire

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 148.6 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 45.26 years
Male: 43.26 years
Female: 47.35 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 6.54 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
Total population: 42%
Female: 28%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Angola
Conventional short form: Angola
Local long form: Republic de Angola
Local short form: Angola
Former: People's Republic of Angola

Government type: transitional government nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong presidential system

Capital: Luanda

Administrative divisions:

Dependent areas

Independence: 11 November 1975 (from Portugal)

National holiday: Independence Day, 11 November (1975)

Constitution: 11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, and 6 March 1991

Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free markets

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch: president, prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)

Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional)

Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacrao)

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:

Diplomatic representation
In the us: none
In the us representation: Jose PATRICIO, Permanent Observer to the Organization of
In the us American States address:
In the us telephone: (202) 785-1156
In the us fax: (202) 785-1258
From the us director: Edmund DE JARNETTE liaison office: Rua Major Kanhangolo, Nes 132/138, Luanda
From the us mailing address:
From the us telephone: 244 (2) 34-54-81
From the us fax:

Flag description: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 80-90% of the population, but accounts for less than 15% of GDP. Oil production is imported. For the long run, Angola has the advantage of rich natural resources in addition to oil, notably gold, diamonds, and arable land. To realize its economic potential Angola not only must secure domestic peace but also must reform government policies that have led to distortions and imbalances throughout the economy.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 1.7% (1991 est.)

Real gdp per capita ppp

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: cash crops - coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, sugar cane, manioc, tobacco; food crops - cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains, bananas; livestock production accounts for 20%, fishing 4%, forestry 2% of total agricultural output; disruptions caused by civil war and marketing deficiencies require food imports

Industries: petroleum; mining diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold;, fish processing; food processing; brewing; tobacco; sugar; textiles; cement; basic metal products

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate NA%; accounts for about 60% of GDP, including petroleum output

Labor force: 2.783 million economically active
By occupation agriculture: 85%
By occupation industry: 15% (1985est.)

Unemployment rate: NA%

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $2.1 billion; expenditures $3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $963 million (1991 est.)

Public debt

Taxes and other revenues

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Current account balance

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $3.7 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
Commodoties: oil, liquefied petroleum gas, diamonds, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton
Partners: US, France, Germany, Netherlands, Brazil

Imports: $1.5 billion (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
Commodoties: capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), food, vehicles and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; substantial military deliveries
Partners: Portugal, Brazil, US, France, Spain

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates


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Electricity access

Electricity production: 510,000 kW capacity; 800 million kWh produced, 84 kWh per capita (1991)

Electricity consumption

Electricity exports

Electricity imports

Electricity installed generating capacity

Electricity transmission distribution losses

Electricity generation sources

Petroleum

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones fixed lines

Telephones mobile cellular

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 302
Usable: 173
With permanentsurface runways: 32
With runways over 3659 m: 2
With runways 2440-3659 m: 17
With runways 1220-2439 m: 57

Airports with paved runways

Airports with unpaved runways

Heliports

Pipelines: crude oil 179 km

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 1,295 km navigable

Merchant marine:

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international:

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs