Map of Tajikistan | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide19891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023 | More stats

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Background: Tajikistan has experienced three changes of government since it gained independence in September 1991.


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Location: South Asia, between Uzbekistan and China

Geographic coordinates

Map reference:

Area
Total: 143,100 km²
Land: 142,700 km²

Land boundaries:

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none; landlocked

Climate: midlatitude; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains

Terrain:

Elevation

Natural resources: significant hydropower potential, petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten

Land use
Arable land: 6%
Permanent crops: 0%
Forest and woodland: 0%
Other: 71%

Irrigated land: 6,940 km² (1990)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


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Population: 5,836,140 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 2.72% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Tajik(s)
Adjective: Tajik

Ethnic groups: Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration), other 6.6%

Languages: Tajik (official)

Religions: Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 5%

Demographic profile

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 2.72% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 35.52 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 6.87 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: -1.42 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: NA
Current issues note: landlocked

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 63.6 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 68.5 years
Male: 65.66 years
Female: 71.48 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 4.7 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 9-49 can read and write (1970)
Total population: 100%
Male: 100%
Female: 99%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Tajikistan
Conventional short form: Tajikistan
Local long form: Respublika i Tojikiston
Local short form: none
Former: Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic

Government type: republic

Capital: Dushanbe

Administrative divisions:

Dependent areas

Independence: 9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

National holiday: NA

Constitution: as of mid-1993, a new constitution had not been formally approved

Legal system: based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch

Legislative branch: unicameral Assembly (Majlis)

Judicial branch: NA

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: CIS, CSCE, EBRD, ECO, ESCAP, NACC, UN, UNCTAD, WHO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: NA
In the us chancery: NA
In the us telephone: NA
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Stanley T. ESCUDERO
From the us embassy: (temporary) #39 Ainii Street, Dushanbe
From the us mailing address: APO AE 9,862
From the us telephone: 7 (3,772) 24-82-33

Flag description: NA

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: Tajikistan has had the lowest living standards of the CIS republics and now faces the bleakest economic prospects. Agriculture (particularly cotton and fruit growing) is the most important sector, accounting for 38% of employment (1990). Industrial production includes aluminum reduction, hydropower generation, machine tools, refrigerators, and freezers. Throughout 1992 bloody civil disturbances disrupted food imports and several regions became desperately short of basic needs. Hundreds of thousands of people were made homeless by the strife. In late 1992, one-third of industry was shut down and the cotton crop was only one-half of that of 1991.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: -34% (1992 est.)

Real gdp per capita ppp

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, pigs, sheep and goats, yaks

Industries: aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate -25% (1992 est.)

Labor force: 1.938 million
By occupation agriculture and forestry: 43%
By occupation industry and construction: 57%

Unemployment rate: 0.4% includes only officially registered unemployed; also large numbers of underemployed workers

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of

Public debt

Taxes and other revenues

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Current account balance

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $100 million to outside successor states of the former USSR (1992)
Commodoties: aluminum, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
Partners: Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan

Imports: $100 million from outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992)
Commodoties: chemicals, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, foodstuffs
Partners: NA

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: rubles per US$1 - 415 (24 December 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations


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Electricity access

Electricity production: 4,585,000 kW capacity; 16,800 million kWh produced, 2,879 kWh per capita (1992)

Electricity consumption

Electricity exports

Electricity imports

Electricity installed generating capacity

Electricity transmission distribution losses

Electricity generation sources

Petroleum

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones fixed lines

Telephones mobile cellular

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: $NA, NA% of GDP

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 58
Usable: 30
With permanentsurface runways: 12
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 4

Airports with paved runways

Airports with unpaved runways

Heliports

Pipelines: natural gas 400 km (1992)

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international:

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: illicit producer of cannabis and opium; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication programs; used as transshipment points for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe