Statistical information Austria 1993Austria

Map of Austria | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Austria in the World
Austria in the World

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Austria - Introduction 1993
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Background: Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I. After the annexation to Nazi Germany in 1938 and subsequent occupation by the victorious Allied powers, Austria's 1955 State Treaty declared the country "permanently neutral" as a condition of the Soviet military withdrawal. The Soviet collapse relieved the external pressure to remain unaligned, but neutrality had evolved into a part of Austrian cultural identity, which has led to an ongoing public debate over whether Vienna legitimately can remain outside of European security structures.


Austria - Geography 1993
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Location: Central Europe, between Germany and Hungary

Geographic coordinates

Map reference:
Africa, Arctic Region, Europe, Standard Time Zones of the
World


Area
Total: 83,850 km²
Land: 82,730 km²

Land boundaries:
total 2,496 km, Czech Republic 362 km, Germany 784 km,
Hungary 366 km, Italy 430 km, Liechtenstein 37 km, Slovakia 91 km, Slovenia 262 km, Switzerland 164 km


Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none; landlocked

Climate: temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain in lowlands and snow in mountains; cool summers with occasional showers

Terrain: in the west and south mostly mountains (Alps; along the eastern and northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping

Elevation

Natural resources: iron ore, petroleum, timber, magnesite, aluminum, lead, coal, lignite, copper, hydropower
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 17%
Permanent crops: 1%
Meadows and pastures: 24%
Forest and woodland: 39%
Other: 19%

Irrigated land: 40 km² (1989)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Austria - People 1993
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Population: 7,915,145 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 0.55% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Austrian(s)
Adjective: Austrian

Ethnic groups: German 99.4%, Croatian 0.3%, Slovene 0.2%, other 0.1%

Languages: German

Religions: Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 6%, other 9%

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 0.55% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 11.54 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 10.42 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: 4.42 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere
Current issues note:
landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is the
Danube


Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 7.3 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 76.4 years
Male: 73.18 years
Female: 79.8 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.47 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1974)
Total population: 99%
Male: NA%
Female: NA%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Austria - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Austria
Conventional short form: Austria
Local short form: Oesterreich

Government type: federal republic

Capital: Vienna

Administrative divisions:
9 states (bundeslander, singular - bundesland);
Burgenland, Karnten, Niederosterreich, Oberosterreich, Salzburg, Steiermark,
Tirol, Vorarlberg, Wien


Dependent areas

Independence: 12 November 1918 (from Austro-Hungarian Empire)

National holiday: National Day, 26 October (1955)

Constitution: 1920; revised 1929 (reinstated 1945)

Legal system: civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial review of legislative acts by a Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 19 years of age, universal; compulsory for presidential elections

Executive branch: president, chancellor, vice chancellor, Council of Ministers (cabinet)

Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Assembly (Bundesversammlung) consists of an upper council or Federal Council (Bundesrat) and a lower council or National Council (Nationalrat)

Judicial branch: Supreme Judicial Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) for civil and criminal cases, Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) for bureaucratic cases, Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof) for constitutional cases

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
AfDB, AG (observer), AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CEI,
CERN, COCOM (cooperating country), CSCE, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, ESA, FAO, G-9, GATT,
IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO,
INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, MINURSO, MTCR, NAM (guest),
NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNDOF, UNFICYP,
UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNOSOM, UNTAC, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
WTO, ZC


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Friedrich HOESS
In the us chancery: 3,524 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20,008-3,035
In the us telephone: (202) 895-6,700
In the us fax: (202) 895-6,750
In the us consulates general: Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Roy Michael HUFFINGTON
From the us chancery: Boltzmanngasse 16, A-1091, Unit 27,937, Vienna
From the us mailing address: APO AE 9,222
From the us telephone: 43 (1) 31-339
From the us fax: 43 (1) 310-0682
From the us consulate general: Salzburg

Flag descriptionflag of Austria: three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Austria - Economy 1993
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Economy overview: Austria boasts a prosperous and stable socialist market economy with a sizable proportion of nationalized industry and extensive welfare benefits. Thanks to an excellent raw material endowment, a technically skilled labor force, and strong links to German industrial firms, Austria occupies specialized niches in European industry and services (tourism, banking) and produces almost enough food to feed itself with only 8% of the labor force in agriculture. Increased export sales resulting from German unification, continued to boost Austria's economy through 1991. However, Germany's economic difficulties in 1992 slowed Austria's GDP growth to 2% from the 3% of 1991. Austria's economy, moreover, is not expected to grow by more than 1% in 1993, and inflation is forecast to remain about 4%. Unemployment will likely remain at current levels at least until 1994. Living standards in Austria are comparable with the large industrial countries of Western Europe. Problems for the l990s include an aging population, the high level of subsidies, and the struggle to keep welfare benefits within budgetary capabilities. The continued opening of Eastern European markets, however, will increase demand for Austrian exports. Austria, a member of the European Free Trade Association services to the EFTA countries, and Austrians plan to hold a national referendum within the next two years to vote on EC membership.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 1.8% (1992)

Real gdp per capita: $18,000 (1992)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for 3.2% of GDP (including forestry; principal crops and animals - grains, fruit, potatoes, sugar beets, sawn wood, cattle, pigs, poultry; 80-90% self-sufficient in food

Industries: foods, iron and steel, machines, textiles, chemicals, electrical, paper and pulp, tourism, mining, motor vehicles

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate 2.0% (1991)

Labor force: 3.47 million (1989)
By occupation services: 56.4%
By occupation industry and crafts: 35.4%
By occupation agriculture and forestry: 8.1%
Note:
an estimated 200,000 Austrians are employed in other European countries
foreign laborers in Austria number 177,840; about 6% of labor force (1988)

Labor force

Unemployment rate: 6.4% (1992 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $47.8 billion; expenditures $53.0 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year owned (0.760-, 1.435- and 1.000-meter gauge; 5,394 km 1.435-meter standard gauge of which 3,154 km is electrified and 1,520 km is double tracked; 339 km 0.760-meter narrow gauge of which 84 km is electrified

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $43.5 billion (1992 est.)
Commodoties: machinery and equipment, iron and steel, lumber, textiles, paper products, chemicals
Partners: EC 65.8% (Germany 39%), EFTA 9.1%, Eastern Europe/former USSR 9.0%, Japan 1.7%, US 2.8% (1991)

Imports: $50.7 billion (1992 est.)
Commodoties: petroleum, foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, vehicles, chemicals, textiles and clothing, pharmaceuticals
Partners: EC 67.8% (Germany 43.0%), EFTA 6.9%, Eastern Europe/former USSR 6.0%, Japan 4.8%, US 3.9% (1991)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Austrian schillings (S) per US$1 - 11.363 (January 1993), 10.989 (1992), 11.676 (1991), 11.370 (1990), 13.231 (1989), 12.348 (1988)


Austria - Energy 1993
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Electricity
Production: 17,600,000 kW capacity; 49,500 million kWh produced, 6,300 kWh per capita (1992)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Austria - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Austria - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $1.7 billion, 0.9% of GDP (1993 est.)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Austria - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 55
Usable: 55
With permanentsurface runways: 20
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 6
With runways 1220-2439 m: 4

Heliports

Pipelines: crude oil 554 km; natural gas 2,611 km; petroleum products 171 km

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 446 km

Merchant marine:
29 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 154,159 GRT/256,765
DWT; includes 23 cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo, 1 oil tanker, 1 chemical tanker, 3 bulk


Ports and terminals


Austria - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route


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