Statistical information Botswana 1993Botswana

Map of Botswana | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Botswana in the World
Botswana in the World

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Botswana - Introduction 1993
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Background: Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. The economy closely tied to South Africa's is dominated by cattle raising and mining.


Botswana - Geography 1993
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Location: Southern Africa, north of South Africa

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceAfrica, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total: 600,370 km²
Land: 585,370 km²

Land boundaries:
total 4,013 km, Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km,
Zimbabwe 813 km


Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none; landlocked

Climate: semiarid; warm winters and hot summers

Terrain: predominately flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest

Elevation

Natural resources: diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver
Land use

Land use
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 75%
Forest and woodland: 2%
Other: 21%

Irrigated land: 20 km² (1989 est.)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Botswana - People 1993
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Population: 1,325,920 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 2.53% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)
Adjective: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)

Ethnic groups: Batswana 95%, Kalanga, Basarwa, and Kgalagadi 4%, white 1%

Languages: English (official), Setswana

Religions: indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 50%

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 2.53% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 33.39 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 8.05 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: overgrazing, desertification
Current issues note: landlocked

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 40.6 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 62.54 years
Male: 59.52 years
Female: 65.65 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 4.25 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over able to read and write simple sentences (1990)
Total population: 72%
Male: 67%
Female: 74%
By occupation: 198,500 formal sector employees, most others are engaged in cattle raising and subsistence agriculture (1990 est.); 14,600 are employed in various mines in South Africa (1990)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Botswana - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Botswana
Conventional short form: Botswana
Former: Bechuanaland

Government type: parliamentary republic

Capital: Gaborone

Administrative divisions:
10 districts; Central, Chobe, Ghanzi, Kgalagadi,
Kgatleng, Kweneng, Ngamiland, North-East, South-East, Southern; in addition, there are 4 town councils - Francistown, Gaborone, Lobaste, Selebi-Phikwe


Dependent areas

Independence: 30 September 1966 (from UK)

National holiday: Independence Day, 30 September (1966)

Constitution: March 1965, effective 30 September 1966

Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal

Executive branch: president, vice president, Cabinet

Legislative branch: bicameral National Assembly consists of an upper house or House of Chiefs and a lower house or National Assembly

Judicial branch: High Court, Court of Appeal

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO,
ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, SACU,
SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOMOZ, UPU, WCL, WHO, WMO


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Botsweletse Kingsley SEBELE
In the us chancery: Suite 7M, 3,400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20,008
In the us telephone: (202) 244-4,990 or 4,991
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador David PASSAGE
From the us embassy: address NA, Gaborone
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 90, Gaborone
From the us telephone: 267 353-982
From the us fax: 267 356-947

Flag descriptionflag of Botswana: light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Botswana - Economy 1993
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Economy overview: The economy has historically been based on cattle raising and crops. Agriculture today provides a livelihood for more than 80% of the population, but produces only about 50% of food needs. The driving force behind the rapid economic growth of the 1970s and 1980s has been the mining industry. This sector, mostly on the strength of diamonds, has gone from generating 25% of GDP in 1980 to 50% in 1991. No other sector has experienced such growth, especially not agriculture, which is plagued by erratic rainfall and poor soils. The unemployment rate remains a problem at 25%. Although diamond production was down slightly in 1992, substantial gains in coal output and manufacturing helped boost the economy

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 5.8% (FY92 est.)

Real gdp per capita: $2,450 (FY92 est.)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for only 5% of GDP; subsistence farming predominates; cattle raising supports 50% of the population; must import up to of 80% of food needs

Industries: mining of diamonds, copper, nickel, coal, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing

Industrial production growth rate:
growth rate 6.9% (1991); accounts for about 53% of
GDP, including mining


Labor force
Labor force

Unemployment rate: 25% (1989)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $1.7 billion; expenditures $1.99 billion, including capital expenditures of $652 million (FY94)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $1.6 billion (f.o.b. 1991)
Commodoties: diamonds 78%, copper and nickel 8%, meat 4%
Partners: Switzerland, UK, SACU (Southern African Customs Union)

Imports
Commodoties: foodstuffs, vehicles and transport equipment, textiles, petroleum products
Partners: Switzerland, SACU (Southern African Customs Union), UK, US

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: pula (P) per US$1 - 2.31 (February 1993), 2.1327 (1992), 2.0173 (1991), 1.8601 (1990), 2.0125 (1989), 1.8159 (1988)


Botswana - Energy 1993
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Electricity
Production: 220,000 kW capacity; 1,123 million kWh produced, 846 kWh per capita (1991)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Botswana - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Botswana - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $196 million, 4.9% of GDP (FY93/94)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Botswana - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 100
Usable: 87
With permanentsurface runways: 8
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 1
With runways 1220-2439 m: 29

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


Botswana - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international:
short section of boundary with Namibia is indefinite; disputed island with Namibia in the Chobe River; quadripoint with
Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe is in disagreement; recent dispute with Namibia over uninhabited Sidudu Island in Linyanti River


Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs


Isango


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