Statistical information Canada 1993Canada

Map of Canada | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year:  | More stats

Canada in the World
Canada in the World

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Canada - Introduction 1993
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Background: A land of vast distances and rich natural resources, from 1867 on Canada has enjoyed de facto independence while retaining, even to the present day, certain formal ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically the nation has developed in parallel with the US, its neighbor to the south across an unfortified border. Its paramount political problem continues to be the relationship of the province of Quebec, with its French-speaking residents and unique culture, to the remainder of the country.


Canada - Geography 1993
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Location:
Northern North America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and
North Pacific Ocean north of the US


Geographic coordinates

Map reference:
Arctic Region, North America, Standard Time Zones of the
World


Area
Total: 9,976,140 km²
Land: 9,220,970 km²

Land boundaries:
total 8,893 km, US 8,893 km (includes 2,477 km with
Alaska)


Coastline: 243,791 km
Continental shelf: 200 m depth or to depth of exploitation
Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Maritime claims

Climate: varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north

Terrain: mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast

Elevation

Natural resources: nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum, potash, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 5%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 3%
Forest and woodland: 35%

Irrigated land: 8,400 km² (1989 est.)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Canada - People 1993
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Population: 27,769,993 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 1.28% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Canadian(s)
Adjective: Canadian

Ethnic groups:
British Isles origin 40%, French origin 27%, other
European 20%, indigenous Indian and Eskimo 1.5%


Languages: English (official), French (official)

Religions: Roman Catholic 46%, United Church 16%, Anglican 10%, other 28%

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 1.28% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 14.48 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 7.35 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: 5.68 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: 80% of population concentrated within 160 km of US border; continuous permafrost in north a serious obstacle to development
Current issues note: second-largest country in world (after Russia); strategic location between Russia and US via north polar route

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 7 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 77.98 years
Male: 74.54 years
Female: 81.6 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.84 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1981)
Total population: 99%
Male: NA%
Female: NA%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Canada - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: none
Conventional short form: Canada

Government type: confederation with parliamentary democracy

Capital: Ottawa

Administrative divisions:
10 provinces and 2 territories*; Alberta,
British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest
Territories*, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec,
Saskatchewan, Yukon Territory*


Dependent areas

Independence: 1 July 1867 (from UK)

National holiday: Canada Day, 1 July (1867)

Constitution: amended British North America Act 1867 patriated to Canada 17 April 1982; charter of rights and unwritten customs

Legal system: based on English common law, except in Quebec, where civil law system based on French law prevails; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch: British monarch, governor general, prime minister, deputy prime minister, Cabinet

Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament (Parlement) consists of an upper house or Senate (Senat) and a lower house or House of Commons (Chambre des Communes)

Judicial branch: Supreme Court

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador John DE CHASTELAIN
In the us chancery: 501 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,001
In the us telephone: (202) 682-1740
In the us fax: (202) 682-7,726
In the us consulates general:
Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas,
Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and
Seattle

From the us chief of mission: Ambassador-designate Governor James J. BLANCHARD
From the us embassy: 100 Wellington Street, K1P 5T1, Ottawa
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 5,000, Ogdensburg, NY 13,669-0430
From the us telephone: (613) 238-5,335 or (613) 238-4,470
From the us fax: (613) 238-5,720
From the us consulates general:
Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, and
Vancouver


Flag descriptionflag of Canada: three vertical bands of red (hoist side), white (double width, square), and red with a red maple leaf centered in the white band

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Canada - Economy 1993
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Economy overview: As an affluent, high-tech industrial society, Canada today closely resembles the US in per capita output, market-oriented economic system, and pattern of production. Since World War II the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and urban. In the 1980s, Canada registered one of the highest rates of real growth among the OECD nations, averaging about 3.2%. With its great natural resources, skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada has excellent economic prospects. However, the continuing constitutional impasse between English- and French-speaking areas has observers discussing a possible split in the confederation; foregn investors have become edgy.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 0.9% (1992)

Real gdp per capita: $19,600 (1992)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for about 3% of GDP; one of the world's major producers and exporters of grain (wheat and barley; key source of US agricultural imports; large forest resources cover 35% of total land area; commercial fisheries provide annual catch of 1.5 million metric tons, of which 75% is exported

Industries: processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, transportation equipment, chemicals, fish products, petroleum and natural gas

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate 1% (1992; accounts for 34% of GDP

Labor force: 13.38 million
By occupation services: 75%
By occupation manufacturing: 14%
By occupation agriculture: 4%
By occupation construction: 3%
By occupation other: 4% (1988)
Labor force

Unemployment rate: 11.5% (December 1992)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $111.8 billion; expenditures $138.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY90 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $124.0 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
Commodoties: newsprint, wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, machinery, natural gas, aluminum, motor vehicles and parts; telecommunications equipment
Partners: US, Japan, UK, Germany, South Korea, Netherlands, China

Imports: $118 billion (c.i.f., 1991)
Commodoties: crude oil, chemicals, motor vehicles and parts, durable consumer goods, electronic computers; telecommunications equipment and parts
Partners: US, Japan, UK, Germany, France, Mexico, Taiwan, South Korea

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Canadian dollars (Can$) per US$1 - 1.2776 (January 1993), 1.2087 (1992), 1.1457 (1991), 1.1668 (1990), 1.1840 (1989), 1.2307 (1988)


Canada - Energy 1993
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Electricity
Production: 109,340,000 kW capacity; 493,000 million kWh produced, 17,900 kWh per capita (1992)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Canada - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Canada - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $11.3 billion, 2% of GDP (FY92/93)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Canada - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 1,420
Usable: 1,142
With permanentsurface runways: 457
With runways over 3659 m: 4
With runways 2440-3659 m: 30
With runways 1220-2439 m: 330

Heliports

Pipelines: crude and refined oil 23,564 km; natural gas 74,980 km

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine:
63 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 454,582 GRT/646,329
DWT; includes 1 passenger, 3 short-sea passenger, 2 passenger-cargo, 8 cargo, 2 railcar carrier, 1 refrigerated cargo, 7 roll-on/roll-off, 1 container, 24 oil tanker, 4 chemical tanker, 1 specialized tanker, 9 bulk; note - does not include ships used exclusively in the Great Lakes


Ports and terminals


Canada - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international:
maritime boundary disputes with the US; Saint
Pierre and Miquelon is focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and
France


Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic drug market; use of hydroponics technology permits growers to plant large quantities of high-quality marijuana indoors; growing role as a transit point for heroin and cocaine entering the US market


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