Statistical information Fiji 1993Fiji

Map of Fiji | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year:  | More stats

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Fiji - Introduction 1993
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Background: Fiji became independent in 1970 after nearly a century as a British colony. Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987 caused by concern over a government perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century). A 1990 constitution favored native Melanesian control of Fiji but led to heavy Indian emigration; the population loss resulted in economic difficulties but ensured that Melanesians became the majority. Amendments enacted in 1993 made the constitution more equitable. Free and peaceful elections in 1993 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian. Fiji has been a major contributor to UN peacekeeping missions in various parts of the world.


Fiji - Geography 1993
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Location: Oceania, 2,500 km north of New Zealand in the South Pacific Ocean

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceOceania, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total: 18,270 km²
Land: 18,270 km²

Land boundaries: 0 km

Coastline: 1,129 km

Maritime claims: (measured from claimed archipelagic baselines)
Continental shelf: 200 m depth or to depth of exploitation; rectilinear shelf claim added
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Climate: tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation

Terrain: mostly mountains of volcanic origin

Elevation

Natural resources: timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 8%
Permanent crops: 5%
Meadows and pastures: 3%
Other: 19%

Irrigated land: 10 km² (1989 est.)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Fiji - People 1993
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Population: 756,762 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 0.95% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Fijian(s)
Adjective: Fijian

Ethnic groups:
Fijian 49%, Indian 46%, European, other Pacific
Islanders, overseas Chinese, and other 5%


Languages: English (official), Fijian, Hindustani

Religions:
Christian 52% (Methodist 37%, Roman Catholic 9%), Hindu 38%,
Muslim 8%, other 2%


Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 0.95% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 24.74 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 6.59 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: -8.65 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: subject to hurricanes from November to January; includes 332 islands of which approximately 110 are inhabited

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 18.4 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 64.86 years
Male: 62.62 years
Female: 67.21 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 2.98 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1985)
Total population: 86%
Male: 90%
Female: 81%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Fiji - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Fiji
Conventional short form: Fiji

Government type:
republic; military coup leader Maj. Gen. Sitiveni RABUKA formally declared
Fiji a republic on 6 October 1987


Capital: Suva

Administrative divisions:
4 divisions and 1 dependency*; Central, Eastern,
Northern, Rotuma*, Western


Dependent areas

Independence: 10 October 1970 (from UK)

National holiday: Independence Day, 10 October (1970)

Constitution:
10 October 1970 (suspended 1 October 1987); a new
Constitution was proposed on 23 September 1988 and promulgated on 25 July 1990; the 1990 Constitution is currently still under review (February 1993)


Legal system: based on British system

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: none

Executive branch: president, prime minister, Cabinet, Great Councils of Chiefs (highest ranking members of the traditional chiefly system)

Legislative branch: the bicameral Parliament, consisting of an upper house or Senate and a lower house or House of Representatives, was dissolved following the coup of 14 May 1987; the Constitution of 23 September 1988 provides for a bicameral Parliament

Judicial branch: Supreme Court Chief of State: President Ratu Sir Penaia Kanatabatu GANILAU (since 5 December 1987; Vice President Ratu Sir Kamisese MARA (since 14 April 1992; Vice President Ratu Sir Josaia TAIVAIQIA (since 14 April 1992) Head of Government: Prime Minister Sitiveni RABUKA (since 2 June 1992; Deputy Prime Minister Filipe BOLE (since 11 June 1992; Deputy Prime Minister Ratu Timoci VESIKULA (since 11 June 1993)

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
ACP, AsDB, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD,
IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, PCA, SPARTECA, SPC,
SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNOSOM, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Pita Kewa NACUVA
In the us chancery: Suite 240, 2,233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,007
In the us telephone: (202) 337-8,320
In the us consulate: New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Evelyn I. H. TEEGEN
From the us embassy: 31 Loftus Street, Suva
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 218, Suva
From the us telephone: 679 314-466
From the us fax: 679 300-081

Flag descriptionflag of Fiji: light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield depicts a yellow lion above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George featuring stalks of sugarcane, a palm tree, bananas, and a white dove

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Fiji - Economy 1993
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Economy overview: Fiji's economy is primarily agricultural, with a large subsistence sector. Sugar exports are a major source of foreign exchange, and sugar processing accounts for one-third of industrial output. Industry, including sugar milling, contributes 13% to GDP. Fiji traditionally had earned considerable sums of hard currency from the 250,000 tourists who visited each year. In 1987, however, after two military coups, the economy went into decline. GDP dropped by 7.8% in 1987 and by another 2.5% in 1988; political uncertainty created a drop in tourism, and the worst drought of the century caused sugar production to fall sharply. In contrast, sugar and tourism turned in strong performances in 1989, and the economy rebounded vigorously. In 1990 the economy received a setback from cyclone Sina, which cut sugar output by an estimated 21%. Sugar exports recovered in 1991-92.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 3% (1992 est.)

Real gdp per capita

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for 23% of GDP; principal cash crop is sugarcane; coconuts, cassava, rice, sweet potatoes, bananas; small livestock sector includes cattle, pigs, horses, and goats; fish catch nearly 33,000 tons (1989)

Industries: sugar, tourism, copra, gold, silver, clothing, lumber, small cottage industries

Industrial production growth rate:
growth rate 8.4% (1991 est.); accounts for 13% of
GDP


Labor force: 235,000
Labor force

Unemployment rate: 5.9% (1991 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $455 million; expenditures $546 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1993 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $435 million (f.o.b., 1991)
Commodoties: sugar 40%, gold, clothing, copra, processed fish, lumber
Partners: EC 31%, Australia 21%, Japan 8%, US 6%

Imports: $553 million (c.i.f., 1991)
Commodoties: machinery and transport equipment 32%, food 15%, petroleum products, consumer goods, chemicals
Partners: Australia 30%, NZ 17%, Japan 13%, EC 6%, US 6%

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Fijian dollars (F$) per US$1 - 1.5809 (January 1993), 1.5029 (1992), 1.4756 (1991), 1.4809 (1990), 1.4833 (1989), 1.4303 (1988)


Fiji - Energy 1993
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Electricity
Production: 215,000 kW capacity; 420 million kWh produced, 560 kWh per capita (1992)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Fiji - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Fiji - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $22.4 million, about 2% of GDP (FY91/92)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Fiji - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 25
Usable: 22
With permanentsurface runways: 2
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 1
With runways 1220-2439 m: 2

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 203 km; 122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges

Merchant marine: 7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 40,072 GRT/47,187

Ports and terminals


Fiji - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs


Iberia


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