Statistical information Georgia 1993

Georgia in the World
top of pageBackground: Georgia has been beset by ethnic and civil strife since independence in 1991.
top of pageLocation:
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and
Russia
Geographic coordinatesMap reference:
Africa, Asia, Middle East, Standard Time Zones of the WorldAreaTotal: 69,700 km²
Land: 69,700 km²
Land boundaries: total 1,461 km, Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km
Coastline: 310 km; 12 nm in 1973 USSR-Turkish Protocol concerning the sea boundary between the two states in the Black Sea; Georgia claims the coastline along the Black Sea as its international waters, although it cannot control this area and the Russian navy and commercial ships transit freely
Maritime claimsClimate: warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast
Terrain:
largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhida Lowland opens to the
Black Sea in the west; Kura River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida lowland
ElevationNatural resources: forest lands, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ores, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth
Land useArable land: NA%
Permanent crops: NA%
Meadows and pastures: NA%
Forest and woodland: NA%
Other: NA%
Irrigated land: 4,660 km² (1990)
Major riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazardsGeographytop of pagePopulationGrowth rate: 0.85% (1993 est.)
NationalityNoun: Georgian(s)
Adjective: Georgian
Ethnic groups:
Georgian 70.1%, Armenian 8.1%, Russian 6.3%, Azeri 5.7%,
Ossetian 3%, Abkhaz 1.8%, other 5%
Languages: Armenian 7%, Azerbaijani 6%, Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, other 7%
Religions:
Georgian Orthodox 65%, Russian Orthodox 10%, Muslim 11%,
Armenian Orthodox 8%, unknown 6%
Demographic profileAge structureDependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rate: 0.85% (1993 est.)
Birth rate: 16.48 births/1000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate: 8.68 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate: 0.64 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.) note - this data may be low because of movement of Ossetian, Russian, and Abkhaz refugees due to ongoing conflicts
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues:air pollution, particularly in Rustavi; heavy pollution of
Kura River, Black Sea
Air pollutantsSex ratioMothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 24.2 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birthTotal population: 72.58 years
Male: 68.89 years
Female: 76.46 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate: 2.21 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracy: age 9-49 can read and write (1970)
Total population: 100%
Male: 100%
Female: 100%
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: Republic of Georgia
Conventional short form: Georgia
Local long form: Sakartvelo Respublika
Former: Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
Government type: republic
Capital: T'bilisi (Tbilisi)
Administrative divisions:
2 autonomous republics (avtomnoy respubliki, singular - avtom respublika); Abkhazia (Sukhumi), Ajaria (Batumi)
the administrative centers of the autonomous republics are included in parentheses; there are no oblasts - the rayons around T'bilisi are under direct republic jurisdiction; also included is the South Ossetia Autonomous
Oblast
Dependent areasIndependence: 9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union)
National holiday: Independence Day, 9 April 1991
Constitution:
adopted NA 1921; currently amending constitution for
Parliamentary and popular review by late 1995
Legal system: based on civil law system
International law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: chairman of Parliament, Council of Ministers, prime minister
Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament
Judicial branchPolitical parties and leadersInternational organization participation: BSEC, CSCE, EBRD, IBRD, IMF, NACC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO
Diplomatic representationIn the us chief of mission: NA
In the us chancery: NA
In the us telephone: NA
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Kent N. BROWN
From the us embassy: #25 Antoneli Street, T'bilisi
From the us mailing address: APO AE 9,862
From the us telephone: (7) 8,832-74-46-23
Flag description
: maroon field with small rectangle in upper hoist side corner; rectangle divided horizontally with black on top, white below
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: Among the former Soviet republics, Georgia has been noted for its Black Sea tourist industry, its large output of citrus fruits and tea, and an industrial sector that accounted, however, for less than 2% of the USSR's output. Another salient characteristic of the economy has been a flourishing private sector (compared with the other republics). About 25% of the labor force is employed in agriculture. Mineral resources consist of manganese and copper, and, to a lesser extent, molybdenum, arsenic, tungsten, and mercury. Except for very small quantities of domestic oil, gas, and coal, fuel must be imported from neighboring republics. Oil and its products have been delivered by pipeline from Azerbaijan to the port of Batumi for export and local refining. Gas has been supplied in pipelines from Krasnodar and Stavropol'. The dismantling of central economic controls has been delayed by political factionalism, marked by bitter armed struggles. In early 1993 the Georgian economy was operating at well less than half capacity due to disruptions in fuel supplies and vital transportation links as a result of conflicts in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, antigovernment activity in Western Georgia, and Azerbaijani pressure against Georgian assistance for Armenia. To restore economic viability, Georgia must establish domestic peace and must maintain economic ties to the other former Soviet republics while developing new links to the West.
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rate: -35% (1992 est.)
Real gdp per capitaGross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture products: accounted for 97% of former USSR citrus fruits and 93% of former USSR tea; berries and grapes; sugar; vegetables, grains, potatoes; cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, poultry; tobacco
Industries: heavy industrial products include raw steel, rolled steel, cement, lumber; machine tools, foundry equipment, electric mining locomotives, tower cranes, electric welding equipment, machinery for food preparation, meat packing, dairy, and fishing industries; air-conditioning electric motors up to 100 kW in size, electric motors for cranes, magnetic starters for motors; devices for control of industrial processes; trucks, tractors, and other farm machinery; light industrial products, including cloth, hosiery, and shoes
Industrial production growth rate: growth rate -50% (1992)
Labor force: 2.763 million
By occupation industry and construction: 31%
By occupation agriculture and forestry: 25%
By occupation other: 44% (1990)
Unemployment rate: 3% but large numbers of underemployed workers
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty lineGini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExports: $NA
Commodoties: citrus fruits, tea, other agricultural products; diverse types of machinery; ferrous and nonferrous metals; textiles
Partners: Russia, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan (1992)
Imports: $NA
Commodoties: machinery and parts, fuel, transport equipment, textiles
Partners: Russia, Ukraine (1992)
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt externalStock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: rubles per US$1 - 415 (24 December 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations
top of pageElectricityProduction: 4,875,000 kW capacity; 15,800 million kWh produced, about 2,835 kWh per capita (1992)
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephonesTelephone systemBroadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresPercent of gdp: $NA, NA% of GNP
Percent of gdp note: Georgian forces are poorly organized and not fully under the government's control
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports: 37
Usable: 26
With permanentsurface runways: 19
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 10
With runways 1220-2439 m: 9
HeliportsPipelines: crude oil 370 km, refined products 300 km, natural gas 440 km (1992)
RailwaysRoadwaysWaterwaysMerchant marine:
47 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 658,192
GRT/1,014,056 DWT; includes 16 bulk cargo, 30 oil tanker, and 1 specialized liquid carrier
Ports and terminalsGeorgia - Transnational issues 1993
top of pageDisputes international: none
Refugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs:
illicit producers of cannabis and opium; mostly for domestic consumption; used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western
Europe