Statistical information Ghana 1993Ghana

Map of Ghana | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year:  | More stats

Ghana in the World
Ghana in the World

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Ghana - Introduction 1993
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Background: Formed from the merger of the British colony of the Gold Coast and the Togoland trust territory Ghana in 1957 became the first country in colonial Africa to gain its independence. A long series of coups resulted in the suspension of the constitution in 1981 and the banning of political parties. A new constitution restoring multiparty politics was approved in 1992.


Ghana - Geography 1993
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Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceAfrica, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total: land: 230,020 km²

Land boundaries:
total 2,093 km, Burkina 548 km, Cote d'Ivoire 668 km,
Togo 877 km


Coastline: 539 km
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Continental shelf: 200 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Maritime claims

Climate: tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north

Terrain: mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area

Elevation

Natural resources: gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 5%
Permanent crops: 7%
Meadows and pastures: 15%
Forest and woodland: 37%
Other: 36%

Irrigated land: 80 km² (1989)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Ghana - People 1993
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Population: 16,699,105 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 3.12% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Ghanaian(s)
Adjective: Ghanaian

Ethnic groups:
black African 99.8% (major tribes - Akan 44%,
Moshi-Dagomba 16%, Ewe 13%, Ga 8%), European and other 0.2%


Languages:
English (official), African languages (including Akan,
Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga)


Religions: indigenous beliefs 38%, Muslim 30%, Christian 24%, other 8%

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 3.12% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 44.66 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 12.52 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: -1 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: recent drought in north severely affecting marginal agricultural activities; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; dry, northeasterly harmattan wind (January to March)
Current issues note: Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 55.19 years
Male: 53.27 years
Female: 57.17 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 6.21 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
Total population: 60%
Male: 70%
Female: 51%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Ghana - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Ghana
Conventional short form: Ghana
Former: Gold Coast

Government type: constitutional democracy

Capital: Accra

Administrative divisions:
10 regions; Ashanti, Brong-Ahafo, Central,
Eastern, Greater Accra, Northern, Upper East, Upper West, Volta, Western


Dependent areas

Independence

National holiday: Independence Day, 6 March (1957)

Constitution: new constitution approved 28 April 1992

Legal system: based on English common law and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: universal at 18

Executive branch: president, cabinet

Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly

Judicial branch: Supreme Court

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, GATT, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, LORCS, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO,
UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNPROFOR, UNTAC, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Joseph ABBEY
In the us chancery: 3,512 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20,008
In the us telephone: (202) 686-4,520
In the us consulate general: New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Kenneth L. BROWN
From the us embassy: Ring Road East, East of Danquah Circle, Accra
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 194, Accra
From the us telephone: 233 (21) 775,348, 775,349, 775,295 or 775,298
From the us fax: 233 (21) 776,008 pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Bolivia, which has a coat of arms centered in the yellow band

Flag descriptionflag of Ghana

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Ghana - Economy 1993
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Economy overview: Supported by substantial international assistance, Ghana has been implementing a steady economic rebuilding program since 1983, including moves toward privatization and relaxation of government controls. Heavily dependent on cocoa, gold, and timber exports, economic growth so far has not spread substantially to other areas of the economy. The costs of sending peacekeeping forces to Liberia and preparing for the transition to a democratic government have boosted government expenditures and undercut structural adjustment reforms. Ghana opened a stock exchange in 1990. Meanwhile, declining world commodity prices for Ghana's exports has placed the government under severe financial pressure.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 3.9% (1992 est.)

Real gdp per capita: $410 (1992 est.)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for about 50% of GDP (including fishing and forestry; the major cash crop is cocoa; other principal crops - rice, coffee, cassava, peanuts, corn, shea nuts, timber; normally self-sufficient in food

Industries: mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, aluminum, food processing

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate 4.6% in manufacturing (1991; accounts for almost 15% of GDP

Labor force: 3.7 million
By occupation agriculture and fishing: 54.7%
By occupation industry: 18.7%
By occupation sales and clerical: 15.2%
By occupation services transportation and communications: 7.7%
By occupation professional:
3.7%
48% of population of working age (1983)

Labor force

Unemployment rate: 10% (1991)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $1.0 billion; expenditures $905 million, including capital expenditures of $200 million (1991 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1992)
Commodoties: cocoa 45%, gold, timber, tuna, bauxite, and aluminum
Partners: Germany 29%, UK 12%, US 12%, Japan 5%

Imports: $1.4 billion (c.i.f., 1992 est.)
Commodoties: petroleum 16%, consumer goods, foods, intermediate goods, capital equipment
Partners: UK 23%, US 11%, Germany 10%, Japan 6%

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: ceolis per US$1 - 437 (July 1992)


Ghana - Energy 1993
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Electricity
Production: 1,180,000 kW capacity; 4,490 million kWh produced, 290 kWh per capita (1991)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Ghana - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Ghana - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $30 million, less than 1% of GDP (1989 est.)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Ghana - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 10
Usable: 9
With permanentsurface runways: 5
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 2
With runways 1220-2439 m: 6

Heliports

Pipelines: none

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: Volta, Ankobra, and Tano Rivers provide 168 km of perennial navigation for launches and lighters; Lake Volta provides 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways

Merchant marine:
6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 59,293 GRT/78,246
DWT; includes 5 cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo


Ports and terminals


Ghana - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs:
illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $2.6 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $78 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $106 million



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