Statistical information Iran 1993Iran

Map of Iran | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year:  | More stats

Iran in the World
Iran in the World

CityPass


Iran - Introduction 1993
top of page


Background: Known as Persia until 1935 Iran became an Islamic republic in 1979 after the ruling shah was forced into exile. Conservative clerical forces subsequently crushed westernizing liberal elements. Militant Iranian students seized the US Embassy in Tehran on 4 November 1979 and held it until 20 January 1981. During 1980-88 Iran fought a bloody indecisive war with Iraq over disputed territory. The key current issue is how rapidly the country should open up to the modernizing influences of the outside world.


Iran - Geography 1993
top of page


Location: Middle East, between the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceAsia, Middle East, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total: 1.648 million km²
Land: 1.636 million km²

Land boundaries:
total 5,440 km, Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35 km,
Azerbaijan (north) 432 km, Azerbaijan (northwest) 179 km, Iraq 1,458 km,
Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km


Coastline: 2,440 km; Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km)
Continental shelf: not specified
Exclusive fishing zone: 50 nm in the Sea of Oman; continental shelf limit, continental shelf boundaries, or median lines in the Persian Gulf

Maritime claims

Climate: mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast

Terrain: rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts

Elevation

Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 8%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 27%
Forest and woodland: 11%
Other: 54%

Irrigated land: 57,500 km² (1989 est.)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Iran - People 1993
top of page


Population: 63,369,809 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 3.49% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Iranian(s)
Adjective: Iranian

Ethnic groups:
Persian 51%, Azerbaijani 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%,
Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1%


Languages: Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Baloch 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%

Religions:
Shi'a Muslim 95%, Sunni Muslim 4%, Zoroastrian, Jewish,
Christian, and Baha'i 1%


Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 3.49% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 43 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 8.06 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: deforestation; overgrazing; desertification

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 62.1 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 65.26 years
Male: 64.37 years

Total fertility rate: 6.4 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
Total population: 54%
Male: 64%
Female: 43%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Iran - Government 1993
top of page


Country name
Conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Iran
Conventional short form: Iran
Local long form: Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran
Local short form: Iran

Government type: theocratic republic

Capital: Tehran

Administrative divisions:
24 provinces (ostanha, singular - ostan);
Azarbayjan-e Bakhtari, Azarbayjan-e Khavari, Bakhtaran, Bushehr, Chahar Mahall va Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Hamadan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman,
Khorasan, Khuzestan, Kohkiluyeh va Buyer Ahmadi, Kordestan, Lorestan, Markazi,
Mazandaran, Semnan, Sistan va Baluchestan, Tehran, Yazd, Zanjan


Dependent areas

Independence: 1 April 1979 (Islamic Republic of Iran proclaimed)

National holiday: Islamic Republic Day, 1 April (1979)

Constitution: 2-3 December 1979; revised 1989 to expand powers of the presidency and eliminate the prime ministership

Legal system

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 15 years of age; universal

Executive branch: supreme leader (velay-t-e faqih), president, Council of Ministers

Legislative branch: unicameral Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majles-e-Shura-ye-Eslami)

Judicial branch: Supreme Court

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
CCC, CP, ESCAP, ECO, FAO, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
ICC, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC,
ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OIC, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU,
WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Iran has an Interests Section in the Pakistani Embassy in Washington, DC
In the us chancery:
Iranian Interests Section, 2,209 Wisconsin Ave. NW, Washington,
DC 20,007

In the us telephone: (202) 965-4,990
From the us: protecting power in Iran is Switzerland national emblem (a stylized representation of the word Allah) in red is centered in the white band; Allah Alkbar (God is Great) in white Arabic script is repeated 11 times along the bottom edge of the green band and 11 times along the top edge of the red band

Flag descriptionflag of Iran

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Iran - Economy 1993
top of page


Economy overview: Iran's economy is a mixture of central planning, state ownership of oil and other large enterprises, village agriculture, and small-scale private trading and service ventures. After a decade of economic decline, Iran's real GDP grew by 10% in FY90 and 6% in FY91, according to Iranian Government statistics. An oil windfall in 1990 combined with a substantial increase in imports contributed to Iran's recent economic growth. Iran has also begun implementing a number of economic reforms to reduce government intervention (including subsidies) and has allocated substantial resources to development projects in the hope of stimulating the economy. Lower oil revenues in 1991 - oil accounts for more than 90% of export revenues - together with a surge in imports greatly weakened Iran's international financial position. By mid-1992 Iran was unable to meet its obligations to foreign creditors. Subsequently the government has tried to boost oil exports, curb imports (especially of consumer goods), and renegotiate terms of its foreign debts.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 6% (FY91)

Real gdp per capita: $1,500 (FY91)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for about 20% of GDP; principal products - wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, fruits, nuts, cotton, dairy products, wool, caviar; not self-sufficient in food

Industries: petroleum, petrochemicals, textiles, cement and other building

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate 12% (1990 est.), accounts for almost 30% of GDP, including petroleum

Labor force: 15.4 million
By occupation agriculture: 33%
By occupation manufacturing:
21%
shortageofskilledlabor(1988 est.)

Labor force

Unemployment rate: 30% (1991 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $63 billion; expenditures $80 billion, including capital expenditures of $23 billion (FY90 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: 21 March - 20 March

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $17.2 billion (f.o.b., FY91 est.)
Commodoties: petroleum 90%, carpets, fruits, nuts, hides
Partners: Japan, Italy, France, Netherlands, Belgium/Luxembourg, Spain, and Germany

Imports: $21.0 billion (c.i.f., FY91 est.)
Commodoties: machinery, military supplies, metal works, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, technical services, refined oil products
Partners: Germany, Japan, Italy, UK, France

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Iranian rials (IR) per US$1 - 67.095 (January 1993), 65.552 (1992), 67.505 (1991), 68.096 (1990), 72.015 (1989), 68.683 (1988; black-market rate 1,400 (January 1991; note - in March 1993 the Iranian government announced a new single-parity exchange rate system with a new official rate of 1,538 rials per dollar


Iran - Energy 1993
top of page


Electricity
Production: 15,649,000 kW capacity; 43,600 million kWh produced, 710 kWh per capita (1992)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Iran - Communication 1993
top of page


Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Iran - Military 1993
top of page


Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: hard currency expenditures on defense are 7-10% of total hard currency expenditures; rial expenditures on defense are 8-13% of total rial expenditures (1992 est.)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Iran - Transportation 1993
top of page


National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 219
Usable: 194
With permanentsurface runways: 83
With runways 2440-3659 m: 20
With runways 1220-2439 m: 70

Heliports

Pipelines: crude oil 5,900 km; petroleum products 3,900 km; natural gas 4,550 km

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 904 km; the Shatt al Arab is usually navigable by maritime traffic for about 130 km; channel has been dredged to 3 meters and is in use

Merchant marine:
135 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,480,726
GRT/8,332,593 DWT; includes 39 cargo, 6 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 32 oil tanker, 4 chemical tanker, 3 refrigerated cargo, 48 bulk, 2 combination bulk, 1 liquefied gas


Ports and terminals


Iran - Transnational issues 1993
top of page


Disputes international:
Iran and Iraq restored diplomatic relations in 1990 but are still trying to work out written agreements settling outstanding disputes from their eight-year war concerning border demarcation, prisoners-of-war, and freedom of navigation and sovereignty over the Shatt al
Arab waterway; Iran occupies two islands in the Persian Gulf claimed by the

UAE:
Tunb as Sughra (Arabic), Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek (Persian) or Lesser
Tunb, and Tunb al Kubra (Arabic), Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg (Persian) or
Greater Tunb; it jointly administers with the UAE an island in the Persian
Gulf claimed by the UAE, Abu Musa (Arabic) or Jazireh-ye Abu Musa (Persian); in 1992 the dispute over Abu Musa and the Tunb Islands became more acute when
Iran unilaterally tried to control the entry of third country nationals into the UAE portion of Abu Musa island, Tehran subsequently backed off in the face of significant diplomatic support for the UAE in the region; periodic disputes with Afghanistan over Helmand water rights,


Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs:
illicit producer of opium poppy for the domestic and international drug trade; transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin to
Europe



TravelUp


You found a piece of the puzzle

Please click here to complete it
StudentUniverse