Statistical information Moldova 1993Moldova

Map of Moldova | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Moldova in the World
Moldova in the World

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Moldova - Introduction 1993
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Background: Formerly ruled by Romania Moldova became part of the Soviet Union at the close of World War II. Although independent from the USSR since 1991 Russian forces have remained on Moldovan territory east of the Nistru (Dnister) River supporting the Slavic majority population (mostly Ukrainians and Russians) who have proclaimed a 'Transnistria' republic.


Moldova - Geography 1993
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Location: Eastern Europe, between Ukraine and Romania

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceAsia, Europe, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total: 33,700 km²
Land: 33,700 km²

Land boundaries: total 1,389 km, Romania 450 km, Ukraine 939 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none; landlocked

Climate: mild winters, warm summers

Terrain: rolling steppe, gradual slope south to Black Sea

Elevation

Natural resources: lignite, phosphorites, gypsum
Land use

Land use
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 9%
Forest and woodland: 0%
Other: 41%

Irrigated land: 2,920 km² (1990)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Moldova - People 1993
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Population: 4,455,645 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 0.4% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Moldovan(s)
Adjective: Moldovan

Ethnic groups:
Moldovan/Romanian 64.5%, Ukrainian 13.8%, Russian 13%,
Gagauz 3.5%, Jewish 1.5%, Bulgarian 2%, other 1.7% (1989 figures)


Languages: Moldovan (official; note - virtually the same as the Romanian

Religions: Eastern Orthodox 98.5%, Jewish 1.5%, Baptist (only about 1,000 members) (1991)

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 0.4% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 16.15 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 10.01 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: -2.15 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: heavy use of agricultural chemicals, including banned pesticides such as DDT, has contaminated soil and groundwater; extensive erosion from poor farming methods
Current issues note: landlocked

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 30.8 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 67.92 years
Male: 64.49 years
Female: 71.53 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 2.2 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 9-49 can read and write (1970)
Total population: 100%
Male: 100%
Female: 99%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Moldova - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Moldova
Conventional short form: Moldova
Local long form: Republica Moldoveneasca
Local short form: none
Former: Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova; Moldavia

Government type: republic

Capital: Chisinau (Kishinev)

Administrative divisions: previously divided into 40 rayons; to be divided into fewer, larger districts at some future point

Dependent areas

Independence: 27 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

National holiday: Independence Day, 27 August 1991

Constitution: as of mid-1993 the new constitution had not been adopted; old constitution (adopted NA 1979) is still in effect but has been heavily amended during the past few years

Legal system: based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction but accepts many UN and CSCE documents

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch: president, prime minister, Cabinet of Ministers

Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament

Judicial branch: Supreme Court

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
BSEC, CIS, CSCE, EBRD, ECE, IBRD, ICAO, ILO, IMF, NACC, UN,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Permanent Representative to the UN Tudor PANTIRU (also acts as representative to US)
In the us chancery: NA
In the us telephone: NA
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Mary C. PENDLETON
From the us embassy: Strada Alexei Mateevich #103, Chisinau
From the us mailing address: APO AE 9,862
From the us telephone: 7-0422-23-37-72 or 23-34-94
From the us fax: 7-0422-23-34-94

Flag descriptionflag of Moldova: same color scheme as Romania - 3 equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; emblem in center of flag is of a Roman eagle of gold left talons; on its breast is a shield divided horizontally red over blue with a stylized ox head, star, rose, and crescent all in black-outlined yellow

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Moldova - Economy 1993
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Economy overview: Moldova, the next-to-smallest of the former Soviet republics in area, is the most densely inhabited. Moldova has a little more than 1% of the population, labor force, capital stock, and output of the former Soviet Union. Living standards have been below average for the European USSR. The country enjoys a favorable climate, and economic development has been primarily based on agriculture, featuring fruits, vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Industry accounts for 20% of the labor force, whereas agriculture employs more than one-third. Moldova has no major mineral resources and has depended on other former Soviet republics for coal, oil, gas, steel, most electronic equipment, machine tools, and major consumer durables such as automobiles. Its industrial and agricultural products, in turn, have been exported to the other republics. Moldova has freed prices on most goods and has legalized private ownership of property. Moldova's near-term economic prospects are dimmed, however, by the difficulties of moving toward a market economy, the political problems of redefining ties to the other former Soviet republics and Romania, and the ongoing separatist movements in the Dniester and Gagauz regions. In 1992, national output fell substantially for the second consecutive year - down 22% in the industrial sector and 20% in agriculture. The decline is mainly attributable to the drop in energy supplies.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: -26% (1992)

Real gdp per capita: $NA

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: Moldova's principal economic activity; products (shown in share of total output of the former Soviet republics): Grain (1.6%), sugar beets (2.6%), sunflower seed (4.4%), vegetables (4.4%), fruits and berries (9.7%), grapes (20.1%), meat (1.7%), milk (1.4%), eggs (1.4%)

Industries: key products (with share of total former Soviet output in parentheses where known): agricultural machinery, foundry equipment, refrigerators and freezers (2.7%), washing machines (5.0%), hosiery (2.0%), refined sugar (3.1%), vegetable oil (3.7%), canned food (8.6%), shoes, textiles

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate -22% (1992)

Labor force: 2.095 million
By occupation agriculture: 34.4%
By occupation industry: 20.1%
By occupation other: 45.5% (1985figures)
Labor force

Unemployment rate: 0.7% (includes only officially registered unemployed; also large numbers of underemployed workers)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: 100 million to outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992)
Commodoties: foodstuffs, wine, tobacco, textiles and footwear, machinery, chemicals (1991)
Partners: Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Romania

Imports: 100 million from outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992)
Commodoties: oil, gas, coal, steel machinery, foodstuffs, automobiles, and other consumer durables
Partners: Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Romania

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: rubles per US$1 - 415 (24 December 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations


Moldova - Energy 1993
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Electricity

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Moldova - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Moldova - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Moldova - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 26
Usable: 15
With permanentsurface runways: 6
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 5
With runways 1220-2439 m: 8

Heliports

Pipelines: natural gas 310 km (1992)

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


Moldova - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international: potential dispute with Ukraine over former southern Bessarabian areas; northern Bukovina ceded to Ukraine upon Moldova's incorporation into USSR

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: illicit producer of opium and cannabis; mostly for CIS consumption; transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe


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