Statistical information Mozambique 1993

Mozambique in the World
top of pageBackground: Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration by whites economic dependence on South Africa a severe drought and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. The ruling party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989 and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement with rebel forces ended the fighting in 1992.
top of pageLocation:
Southern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel between South
Africa and Tanzania opposite the island of Madagascar
Geographic coordinatesMap reference:
Africa, Standard Time Zones of the WorldAreaTotal: 801,590 km²
Land: 784,090 km²
Land boundaries:
total 4,571 km, Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km,
Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km
Coastline: 2,470 km
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Maritime claimsClimate: tropical to subtropical
Terrain: mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west
ElevationNatural resources: coal, titanium
Land usePermanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 56%
Forest and woodland: 20%
Other: 20%
Irrigated land: 1,150 km² (1989 est.)
Major riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazardsGeographytop of pagePopulation: 16,341,777 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 6.06% (1993 est.)
NationalityNoun: Mozambican(s)
Adjective: Mozambican
Ethnic groups:
indigenous tribal groups, Europeans about 10,000,
Euro-Africans 35,000, Indians 15,000
Languages: Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects
Religions: indigenous beliefs 60%, Christian 30%, Muslim 10%
Demographic profileAge structureDependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rate: 6.06% (1993 est.)
Birth rate: 45.35 births/1000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate: 16.71 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate: 31.95 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues: severe drought and floods occur in south; desertification
Air pollutantsSex ratioMothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 131.4 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birthTotal population: 48.03 years
Male: 46.22 years
Female: 49.9 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate: 6.31 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
Total population: 33%
Male: 45%
Female: 21%
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: Republic of Mozambique
Conventional short form: Mozambique
Local long form: Republica Popular de Mocambique
Local short form: Mocambique
Government type: republic
Capital: Maputo
Administrative divisions:
10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia);
Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete,
Zambezia
Dependent areasIndependence: 25 June 1975 (from Portugal)
National holiday: Independence Day, 25 June (1975)
Constitution: 30 November 1990
Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law
International law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch: president, prime minister, Cabinet
Legislative branch: unicameral Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da Republica)
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leadersInternational organization participation:
ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD,
IFC, ILO, IMF, INMARSAT, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU,
SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Diplomatic representationIn the us chief of mission: Ambassador Hipolito PATRICIO
In the us chancery: Suite 570, 1990 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20,036
In the us telephone: (202) 293-7,146
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Townsend B. FRIEDMAN, Jr.
From the us embassy: Avenida Kenneth Kuanda, 193 Maputo
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 783, Maputo
From the us telephone: 258 (1) 49-27-97, 49-01-67, 49-03-50
From the us fax: 258 (1) 49-01-14
Flag description
: three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: One of Africa's poorest countries, Mozambique has failed to exploit the economic potential of its sizable agricultural, hydropower, and transportation resources. Indeed, national output, consumption, and investment declined throughout the first half of the 1980s because of internal disorders, lack of government administrative control, and a growing foreign debt. A sharp increase in foreign aid, attracted by an economic reform policy, resulted in successive years of economic growth in the late 1980s, but aid has declined steadily since 1989. Agricultural output, nevertheless, is at about only 75% of its 1981 level, and grain has to be imported. Industry operates at only 20-40% of capacity. The economy depends heavily on foreign assistance to keep afloat. The continuation of civil strife has dimmed chances of foreign investment, and growth was a mere 0.3% in 1992. Living standards, already abysmally low, fell further in 1991-92.
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rate: 0.3% (1992 est.)
Real gdp per capita: $115 (1992 est.)
Gross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture products: accounts for 50% of GDP and about 90% of exports; cash crops - cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, shrimp; other crops - cassava, corn, rice, tropical fruits; not self-sufficient in food
Industries: food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), petroleum products, textiles, nonmetallic mineral products (cement, glass, asbestos), tobacco
Industrial production growth rate: growth rate 5% (1989 est.)
Labor force: NA
Unemployment rate: 50% (1989 est.)
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty lineGini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudget: revenues $252 million; expenditures $607 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExportsCommodoties: shrimp 48%, cashews 21%, sugar 10%, copra 3%, citrus 3%
Partners: US, Western Europe, Germany, Japan
Imports: $899 million (c.i.f., 1991 est.)
Commodoties: food, clothing, farm equipment, petroleum
Partners: US, Western Europe, USSR
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt externalStock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: meticais (Mt) per US$1 - 2,74.15 (January 1993), 2,433.34 (1992), 1,434.47 (1991), 929.00 (1990), 800.00 (1989), 528.60 (1988)
top of pageElectricityProduction: 2,270,000 kW capacity; 1,745 million kWh produced, 115 kWh per capita (1991)
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephonesTelephone systemBroadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresPercent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $118 million, 8% of GDP (1993 est.)
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports: 194
With permanentsurface runways: 25
With runways over 3659 m: 1
With runways 2440-3659 m: 4
With runways 1220-2439 m: 26
HeliportsPipelines: crude oil (not operating) 306 km; petroleum products 289 km
RailwaysRoadwaysWaterways: about 3,750 km of navigable routes
Merchant marine:
4 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,686
GRT/9,742 DWT
Ports and terminalstop of pageDisputes international: none
Refugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs