Statistical information Rwanda 1993Rwanda

Map of Rwanda | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year:  | More stats

Rwanda in the World
Rwanda in the World

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Background


Rwanda - Geography 1993
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Location: Central Africa, between Tanzania and Zaire

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceAfrica, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total: 26,340 km²
Land: 24,950 km²

Land boundaries: total 893 km, Burundi 290 km, Tanzania 217 km, Uganda 169 km, Zaire 217 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims

Climate:
temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to
January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible


Terrain: mostly grassy uplands and hills; mountains in west

Elevation

Natural resources: gold, cassiterite (tin ore), wolframite (tungsten ore), natural gas, hydropower
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 29%
Permanent crops: 11%
Meadows and pastures: 18%
Forest and woodland: 10%
Other: 32%

Irrigated land: 40 km² (1989 est.)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Rwanda - People 1993
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Population: 8,139,272 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 2.9% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Rwandan(s)
Adjective: Rwandan

Ethnic groups

Languages: Kinyarwanda (official), French (official), Kiswahili used in commercial centers

Religions: Roman Catholic 65%, Protestant 9%, Muslim 1%, indigenous beliefs and other 25%

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 2.9% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 49.92 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 20.87 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: deforestation; overgrazing; soil exhaustion; soil erosion; periodic droughts
Current issues note: landlocked

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 119.4 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 41.23 years
Male: 40.2 years
Female: 42.28 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 8.27 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
Total population: 50%
Male: 64%
Female: 37%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Rwanda - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Rwanda
Conventional short form: Rwanda
Local long form: Republika y'u Rwanda
Local short form: Rwanda

Government type: republic; presidential system; a new, all-party transitional government is to assume office later this year, replacing the current MRND-dominated coalition

Capital: Kigali

Administrative divisions:
10 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture in French; plural - NA, singular - prefegitura in Kinyarwanda);
Butare, Byumba, Cyangugu, Gikongoro, Gisenyi, Gitarama, Kibungo, Kibuye,
Kigali, Ruhengeri


Dependent areas

Independence: 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)

National holiday
Independence Day 1 July 1962 the dominant party; significant independent parties include:
Democratic
Republican Movement (MDR), Faustin TWAGIRAMUNGU; Liberal Party (PL), Justin
MUGENZI; Democratic and Socialist Party (PSD), Frederic NZAMURAMBAHO;
Coalition for the Defense of the Republic (CDR), Martin BUCYANA; Party for
Democracy in Rwanda (PADER), Jean NTAGUNGIRA; Christian Democratic Party (PDL), Nayinzira NEPOMUSCENE
formerly a one-party state, Rwanda legalized independent parties in mid-1991; since then, at least 10 new political parties have registered


Constitution: 18 June 1991

Legal system: based on German and Belgian civil law systems and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: universal adult at age NA

Executive branch: president, prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)

Legislative branch: unicameral National Development Council (Conseil National de Developpement)

Judicial branch: Constitutional Court (consists of the Court of Cassation and the Council of State in joint session)

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
ACCT, ACP, AfDB, ECA, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL, FAO, G-77, GATT, IBRD,
ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU,
UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Aloys UWIMANA
In the us chancery: 1714 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,009
In the us telephone: (202) 232-2,882
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Robert A. FLATEN
From the us embassy: Boulevard de la Revolution, Kigali
From the us telephone: 250 75,601 through 75,603
From the us fax: 250 72,128

Flag descriptionflag of Rwanda: three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and green with a large black letter R centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Guinea, which has a plain yellow band

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Rwanda - Economy 1993
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Economy overview: Almost 50% of GDP comes from the agricultural sector; coffee and tea make up 80-90% of total exports. The amount of fertile land is limited, however, and deforestation and soil erosion have created problems. The industrial sector in Rwanda is small, contributing only 17% to GDP. Manufacturing focuses mainly on the processing of agricultural products. The Rwandan economy remains dependent on coffee exports and foreign aid. Weak international prices since 1986 have caused the economy to contract and per capita GDP to decline. A structural adjustment program with the World Bank began in October 1990. An outbreak of insurgency, also in October 1990, has dampened prospects for economic improvement.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 1.3% (1992 est.)

Real gdp per capita: $290 (1992 est.)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products

Industries: mining of cassiterite (tin ore) and wolframite (tungsten ore), tin, cement, agricultural processing, small-scale beverage production, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes force; cash crops - coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums; main food crops - bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes; stock raising; self-sufficiency declining; country imports foodstuffs as farm production fails to keep up with a 3.8% annual growth in population

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate 1.2% (1988; accounts for 17% of GDP

Labor force: 3.6 million
By occupation agriculture: 93%
By occupation governmentand services: 5%
By occupation industry and commerce:
2%
49% of population of working age (1985)

Labor force

Unemployment rate: NA%

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $350 million; expenditures $453.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (1992 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $66.6 million (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
Commodoties: coffee 85%, tea, tin, cassiterite, wolframite, pyrethrum
Partners: Germany, Belgium, Italy, Uganda, UK, France, US

Imports: $259.5 million (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
Commodoties: textiles, foodstuffs, machines and equipment, capital goods, steel, petroleum products, cement and construction material
Partners: US, Belgium, Germany, Kenya, Japan

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Rwandan francs (RF) per US$1 - 146.34 (January 1993), 133.35 (1992), 125.14 (1991), 82.60 (1990), 79.98 (1989), 76.45 (1988)


Rwanda - Energy 1993
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Electricity
Production: 30,000 kW capacity; 130 million kWh produced, 15 kWh per capita (1991)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Rwanda - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Rwanda - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $37 million, 1.6% of GDP (1988 est.)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Rwanda - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 8
Usable: 7
With permanentsurface runways: 3
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 1
With runways 1220-2439 m: 2

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


Rwanda - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs


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