Statistical information Singapore 1993

Singapore in the World
top of pageBackground: Founded as a British trading colony in 1819 Singapore joined Malaysia in 1963 but withdrew two years later and became independent. It subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's busiest) and with per capita GDP above that of the leading nations of Western Europe.
top of pageLocation: Southeast Asia, between Malaysia and Indonesia
Geographic coordinatesMap reference:
Asia, Southeast Asia, Standard Time Zones of the WorldAreaTotal: 632.6 km²
Land: 622.6 km²
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 193 km
Exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
Territorial sea: 3 nm
Maritime claimsClimate: tropical; hot, humid, rainy; no pronounced rainy or dry seasons; thunderstorms occur on 40% of all days (67% of days in April)
Terrain: lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve
ElevationNatural resources: fish, deepwater ports
Land useArable land: 4%
Permanent crops: 7%
Meadows and pastures: 0%
Forest and woodland: 5%
Other: 84%
Irrigated land: NA km²
Major riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazardsGeographytop of pagePopulation: 2,826,331 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 1.19% (1993 est.)
NationalityNoun: Singaporean(s)
Adjective: Singapore
Ethnic groups: Chinese 76.4%, Malay 14.9%, Indian 6.4%, other 2.3%
Languages: Chinese (official), Malay (official and national), Tamil (official), English (official)
Religions:
Buddhist (Chinese), Atheist (Chinese), Muslim (Malays),
Christian, Hindu, Sikh, Taoist, Confucianist
Demographic profileAge structureDependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rate: 1.19% (1993 est.)
Birth rate: 17.12 births/1000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate: 5.25 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues: mostly urban and industrialized
Air pollutantsSex ratioMothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 5.8 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birthTotal population: 75.75 years
Male: 73.07 years
Female: 78.63 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.89 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
Total population: 88%
Male: 93%
Female: 84%
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: Republic of Singapore
Conventional short form: Singapore
Government type: republic within Commonwealth
Capital: Singapore
Administrative divisions: none
Dependent areasIndependence: 9 August 1965 (from Malaysia)
National holiday: National Day, 9 August (1965)
Government: People's Action Party (PAP), GOH Chok Tong, secretary general
Opposition:Workers' Party (WP), J. B. JEYARETNAM; Singapore Democratic
Party (SDP), CHIAM See Tong; National Solidarity Party (NSP), leader NA;
Barisan Sosialis (BS, Socialist Front), leader NA
Constitution:
3 June 1959, amended 1965; based on preindependence State of
Singapore Constitution
Legal system: based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
International law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrage: 20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Executive branch: president, prime minister, two deputy prime ministers, Cabinet
Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leadersInternational organization participation:
APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, C, CCC, COCOM (cooperating country), CP,
ESCAP, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT,
INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS, NAM, UN, UNAVEM II, UNCTAD, UNIKOM,
UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
Diplomatic representationIn the us chief of mission: Ambassador S. R. NATHAN
In the us chancery: 1824 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20,009
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Jon M. HUNTSMAN, Jr.
From the us embassy: 30 Hill Street, Singapore 0617
From the us mailing address: FPO AP 96,534
From the us telephone: 65 338-0251
From the us fax: 65 338-4,550
Flag description
: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white five-pointed stars arranged in a circle
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: Singapore has an open entrepreneurial economy with strong service and manufacturing sectors and excellent international trading links derived from its entrepot history. The economy appears to have pulled off a soft landing from the 9% growth rate of the late 1980s, registering higher than expected growth in 1992 while stemming inflation. Economic activity slowed early in 1992, primarily as a result of slackened demand in Singapore's export markets. But after bottoming out in the second quarter, the economy picked up in line with a gradual recovery in the United States. The year's best performers were the construction and financial services industries and manufacturers of computer-related components. Rising labor costs continue to be a threat to Singapore's competitiveness, but there are indications that productivity is catching up. Government surpluses and the rate of gross national savings remain high. In technology, per capita output, and labor discipline, Singapore is well on its way toward its goal of becoming a developed country.
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rate: 5.8% (1992)
Real gdp per capita: $16,500 (1992)
Gross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture products: occupies a position of minor importance in the economy; self-sufficient in poultry and eggs; must import much of other food; major crops - rubber, copra, fruit, vegetables
Industries: petroleum refining, electronics, oil drilling equipment, rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, entrepot trade, financial services, biotechnology
Industrial production growth rate: growth rate 2.3% (1992; accounts for 28% of GDP
Labor force: 1,485,800
By occupation financial business andother services: 30.2%
By occupation manufacturing: 28.4%
By occupation commerce: 22.0%
By occupation construction: 9.0%
By occupation other: 10.4% (1990)
Unemployment rate: 2.7% (June 1992)
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty lineGini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudget: revenues $10.4 billion; expenditures $9.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1993)
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExports: $61.5 billion (f.o.b., 1992)
Commodoties: computer equipment, rubber and rubber products, petroleum products, telecommunications equipment
Partners: US 21%, Malaysia 13%, Hong Kong 8%, Japan 7%, Thailand 6%
Imports: $66.4 billion (f.o.b., 1992)
Commodoties: aircraft, petroleum, chemicals, foodstuffs
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt externalStock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: Singapore dollars (S$) per US$1 - 1.6531 (January 1993), 1.6290 (1992), 1.7276 (1991), 1.8125 (1990), 1.9503 (1989), 2.0124 (1988)
top of pageElectricityProduction: 4,860,000 kW capacity; 18,000 million kWh produced, 6,420 kWh per capita (1992)
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephonesTelephone systemBroadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresPercent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $1.7 billion, 4% of GDP (1990 est.)
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports: 10
Usable: 10
With permanentsurface runways: 10
With runways over 3659 m: 2
With runways 2440-3659 m: 4
With runways 1220-2439 m: 3
HeliportsPipelinesRailwaysRoadwaysWaterwaysMerchant marine:
492 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 9,763,511
GRT/15,816,384 DWT; includes 1 passenger-cargo, 125 cargo, 72 container, 7 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 4 refrigerated cargo, 18 vehicle carrier, 1 livestock carrier, 165 oil tanker, 8 chemical tanker, 7 combination ore/oil, 2 specialized tanker, 5 liquefied gas, 74 bulk, 3 combination bulk; note - many
Singapore flag ships are foreign owned
Ports and terminalstop of pageDisputes international: two islands in dispute with Malaysia
Refugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs:
transit point for Golden Triangle heroin going to the US,
Western Europe, and the Third World; also a major money-laundering center