Statistical information Uzbekistan 1993Uzbekistan

Map of Uzbekistan | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Uzbekistan in the World
Uzbekistan in the World

Travelex


Uzbekistan - Introduction 1993
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Background: Russia conquered Uzbekistan in the late 19th century. Stiff resistance to the Red Army after World War I was eventually suppressed and a socialist republic set up in 1925. During the Soviet era intensive production of 'white gold' (cotton) and grain led to overuse of agrochemicals and the depletion of water supplies which have left the land poisoned and the Aral Sea and certain rivers half dry. Independent since 1991 the country seeks to gradually lessen its dependence on agriculture while developing its mineral and petroleum reserves. Current concerns include terrorism by Islamic militant groups from Tajikistan and Afghanistan a non-convertible currency and the curtailment of human rights and democratization.


Uzbekistan - Geography 1993
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Location:
Central Asia, bordering the Aral Sea, between Kazakhstan and
Turkmenistan


Geographic coordinates

Map reference:
Asia, Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian
States, Standard Time Zones of the World


Area
Total: 447,400 km²
Land: 425,400 km²

Land boundaries:
total 6,221 km, Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km,
Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km


Coastline: 0 km; Uzbekistan does border the Aral Sea (420 km)

Maritime claims

Climate: mostly mid latitude desert; semiarid grassland in east

Terrain: mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west

Elevation

Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 10%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 47%
Forest and woodland: 0%
Other: 43%

Irrigated land: 41,550 km² (1990)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


Uzbekistan - People 1993
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Population: 22,127,946 (July 1993 est.)
Growth rate: 2.17% (1993 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Uzbek(s)
Adjective:
Uzbek
Tartars 2.4% (includes 70% of Crimean Tatars deported during World War II),
Karakalpaks 2.1%, other 7%


Ethnic groups

Languages: Uzbek 85%, Russian 5%, other 10%

Religions: Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3%

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 2.17% (1993 est.)

Birth rate: 30.57 births/1000 population (1993 est.)

Death rate: 6.63 deaths/1000 population (1993 est.)

Net migration rate: -2.2 migrant(s)/1000 population (1993 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: drying up of the Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts
Current issues note: landlocked

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 54.4 deaths/1000 live births (1993 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 68.36 years
Male: 65.05 years
Female: 71.84 years (1993 est.)

Total fertility rate: 3.78 children born/woman (1993 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 9-49 can read and write (1970)
Total population: 100%
Male: 100%
Female: 100%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Uzbekistan - Government 1993
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Uzbekistan
Conventional short form: Uzbekistan
Local long form: Uzbekiston Respublikasi
Local short form: none
Former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic

Government type: republic

Capital: Tashkent (Toshkent)

Administrative divisions:
12 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast') and 1 autonomous republic* (avtomnaya respublika); Andizhan, Bukhara, Dzhizak,
Fergana, Karakalpakstan* (Nukus), Kashkadar'ya (Karshi), Khorezm (Urgench),
Namangan, Navoi, Samarkand, Surkhandar'ya (Termez), Syrdar'ya (Gulistan),
Tashkent
an administrative division has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)


Dependent areas

Independence: 31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

National holiday: Independence Day, 1 September (1991)

Constitution: new constitution adopted 8 December 1992

Legal system: evolution of Soviet civil law

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch: president, prime minister, cabinet

Legislative branch: unicameral Supreme Soviet

Judicial branch: Supreme Court

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation:
CIS, CSCE, EBRD, ECO, ESCAP, IBRD, IDA, IMF, NACC, UN, UNCTAD,
WHO


Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Muhammed Babir MALIKOV
In the us chancery: 200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,006
In the us telephone: (202) 778-0107
In the us fax: (202) 861-0472
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Henry L. CLARKE
From the us embassy: 55 Chelanzanskaya, Tashkent
From the us mailing address: APO AE 9,862
From the us telephone: 7 (3,712) 77-14-07

Flag descriptionflag of Uzbekistan: three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and green separated by red fimbriations with a crescent moon and 12 stars in the upper hoist-side quadrant largest global producer. Moscow's push for ever-increasing amounts of cotton had included massive irrigation projects which caused extensive environmental damage to the Aral Sea and rivers of the republic. Furthermore, the lavish use of chemical fertilizers has caused extensive pollution and widespread health problems. Recently the republic has sought to encourage food production at the expense of cotton. The small industrial sector specializes in such items as agricultural machinery, mineral fertilizers, vegetable oil, and bridge cranes. Uzbekistan also has some important natural resources including gold (about 30% of former Soviet production), uranium, and natural gas. The Uzbek Government has encouraged some land reform but has shied away from other aspects of economic reform. Output and living standards continued to fall in 1992 largely because of the cumulative impact of disruptions in supply that have followed the dismemberment of the USSR.

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Uzbekistan - Economy 1993
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Economy overview

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: -10% (1992)

Real gdp per capita: $NA

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: cotton, with much smaller production of grain, fruits, vegetables, and livestock

Industries: chemical and mineral fertilizers, vegetable oil, textiles

Industrial production growth rate: growth rate -6%

Labor force: 7.941 million
By occupation agriculture and forestry: 39%
By occupation industry and construction: 24%
By occupation other: 37% (1990)
Labor force

Unemployment rate: 0.1% includes only officially registered unemployed; there are also large numbers of underemployed workers

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $900 million to outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992)
Commodoties: cotton, gold, textiles, chemical and mineral fertilizers, vegetable oil
Partners: Russia, Ukraine, Eastern Europe

Imports: $900 million from outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992)
Commodoties: machinery and parts, consumer durables, grain, other foods
Partners: principally other former Soviet republics

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: rubles per US$1 - 415 (24 December 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations


Uzbekistan - Energy 1993
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Electricity
Production: 11,950,000 kW capacity; 50,900 million kWh produced, 2,300 kWh per capita (1992)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Uzbekistan - Communication 1993
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Uzbekistan - Military 1993
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Military expenditures
Percent of gdp: exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Uzbekistan - Transportation 1993
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports
Totol: 265
Usable: 74
With permanentsurface runways: 30
With runways over 3659 m: 2
With runways 2440-3659 m: 20
With runways 1220-2439 m: 19

Heliports

Pipelines: crude oil 250 km, petroleum products 40 km, natural gas 810 km (1992)

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


Uzbekistan - Transnational issues 1993
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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: illicit producers of cannabis and opium; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication programs; used as transshipment


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