Statistical information Chile 1994Chile

Map of Chile | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Chile in the World
Chile in the World

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Chile - Introduction 1994
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Background: A three-year-old Marxist government was overthrown in 1973 by a dictatorial military regime led by Augusto PINOCHET which ruled until a freely elected president was installed in 1990. Sound economic policies first implemented by the PINOCHET dictatorship led to unprecedented growth in 1991-94 and have helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government.


Chile - Geography 1994
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Location: Southern South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean between Argentina and Peru

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceSouth America, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total area total: 756,950 km²
Land: 748,800 km²

Land boundaries: total 6,171 km, Argentina 5,150 km, Bolivia 861 km, Peru 160 km

Coastline: 6,435 km

Maritime claims
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Continental shelf: 200 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Climate: temperate; desert in north; cool and damp in south

Terrain: low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east

Elevation

Natural resources: copper, timber, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 7%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 16%
Forest and woodland: 21%
Other: 56%

Irrigated land: 12,650 km² (1989 est.)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: subject to severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis

Geography
Note: strategic location relative to sea lanes between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage; Atacama Desert one of world's driest regions


Chile - People 1994
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Population: 13,950,557 (July 1994 est.)
Growth rate: 1.51% (1994 est.)

Nationality: noun:Chilean(s)

Ethnic groups: European and European-Indian 95%, Indian 3%, other 2%

Languages: Spanish

Religions: Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 11%, Jewish

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 1.51% (1994 est.)

Birth rate: 20.59 births/1000 population (1994 est.)

Death rate: 5.49 deaths/1000 population (1994 est.)

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1000 population (1994 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from untreated sewage; deforestation contributing to loss of biodiversity; soil erosion; desertification

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 15.1 deaths/1000 live births (1994 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 74.51 years
Male: 71.52 years
Female: 77.65 years (1994 est.)

Total fertility rate: 2.5 children born/woman (1994 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
Total population: 93%
Male: 94%
Female: 93%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Chile - Government 1994
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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Chile
Conventional short form:
local long form: Republica de Chile
local short form


Government type: republic

Capital: Santiago

Administrative divisions: 13 regions (regiones, singular - region); Aisen del General Carlos Ibanez del Campo, Antofagasta, Araucania, Atacama, Bio-Bio, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los Lagos, Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena, Maule, Region Metropolitana, Tarapaca, Valparaiso
Note: the US does not recognize claims to Antarctica

Dependent areas

Independence: 18 September 1810 (from Spain)

National holiday: Independence Day, 18 September (1810)

Constitution: 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981; amended 30 July 1989

Legal system: based on Code of 1857 derived from Spanish law and subsequent codes influenced by French and Austrian law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Executive branch: chief of state and head of government:President Eduardo FREI Ruiz-Tagle (since 11 March 1994) election last held 11 December 1993 (next to be held December 1999; results - Eduardo FREI Ruiz-Tagle (PDC) 58%, Arturo ALESSANDRI 24.4%, other 17.6%

Legislative branch: Army of the Nation, National Navy (including Naval Air, Coast Guard, and Marines), Air Force of the Nation, Carabineros of Chile (National Police), Investigative Police
Senate Senado: election last held 11 December 1993 (next to be held December 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (46 total, 38 elected) Concertation of Parties for Democracy 21 (PDC 13, PS 4, PPD 3, PR 1), Union for the Progress of Chile 15 (RN 11, UDI 3, UCC 1), right-wing independents 10
Chamber of Deputies Camara de Diputados: election last held 11 December 1993 (next to be held December 1997); results - Concertation of Parties for Democracy 53.95% (PDC 27.16%, PS 12.01%, PPD 11.82%, PR 2.96%,); Union for the Progress of Chile 30.57% (RN 15.25%, UDI 12.13%, UCC 3.19%); seats - (120 total) Concertation of Parties for Democracy 70 (PDC 37, PPD 15, PR 2, PS 15, left-wing independent 1), Union for the Progress of Chile 47 (RN 30, UDI 15, UCC 2), right-wing independents 3

Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, LORCS, NAM, OAS, ONUSAL, OPANAL, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMOGIP, UNTAC, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Curtis W. KAMMAN
From the us chancery: 1732 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,036
From the us telephone: [56] (2) 671-0133
From the us fax: (202) 887-5,579
From the us consulates general: Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)
From the us embassy: Codina Building, 1343 Agustinas, Santiago
From the us mailing address: Unit 4,127, Santiago; APO AA 34,033
From the us FAX: [56] (2) 699-1141

Flag descriptionflag of Chile: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; there is a blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center; design was based on the US flag

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Chile - Economy 1994
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Economy overview: Chile has a prosperous, essentially free market economy, with the degree of government intervention varying according to the philosophy of the different regimes. Under the center-left government of President AYLWIN, which took power in March 1990, spending on social welfare has risen steadily. At the same time business investment, exports and consumer spending have also grown substantially. The new president, FREI, who takes office in March 1994, is expected to emphasize social spending even more. Growth in 1991-93 has averaged 8% annually, with an estimated one million Chileans having moved out of poverty in the last four years. Copper remains vital to the health of the economy; Chile is the world's largest producer and exporter of copper.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 5.8% (1993 est.)

Real gdp per capita: $7,000 (1993 est.)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for about 7% of GDP (including fishing and forestry; major exporter of fruit, fish, and timber products; major crops - wheat, corn, grapes, beans, sugar beets, potatoes, deciduous fruit; livestock products - beef, poultry, wool; self-sufficient in most foods; 1991 fish catch of 6.6 million metric tons; net agricultural importer

Industries: copper, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles

Industrial production growth rate: 9.3% (1992 est.), accounts for 34% of GDP

Labor force: 4.728 million
By occupation services: 38.3% (includes government 12%)
By occupation industry and commerce: 33.8%
By occupation agriculture forestry and fishing: 19.2%
By occupation mining: 2.3%
By occupation construction: 6.4% (1990)
Labor force

Unemployment rate: 5.1% (1993 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues:$10.9 billion

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $10 billion (f.o.b., 1992)
Commodities: copper 41%, other metals and minerals 8.7%, wood products 7.1%, fish and fishmeal 9.8%, fruits 8.4% (1991)
Partners: EC 29%, Japan 17%, US 16%, Argentina 5%, Brazil 5% (1992)

Imports: $9.2 billion (f.o.b., 1992)
Commodities: capital goods 25.2%, spare parts 24.8%, raw materials 15.4%, petroleum 10%, foodstuffs 5.7%
Partners: EC 24%, US 21%, Brazil 10%, Japan 10% (1992)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $19.7 billion (1993 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Chilean pesos (Ch$) per US$1 - 430.57 (January 1994), 404.35 (1993), 362.59 (1992), 349.37 (1991), 305.06 (1990), 267.16 (1989)


Chile - Energy 1994
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Electricity
Capacity: 5,769,000 kW
Production: 22.01 billion kWh
Consumption per capita: 1,630 kWh (1992)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Chile - Communication 1994
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Chile - Military 1994
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Military expenditures
Dollar figure: exchange rate conversion - $1 billion, 3.4% of GDP (1991 est.)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Chile - Transportation 1994
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 392
Usable: 349
With permanentsurface runways: 47
With runways over 3659 m: 0
With runways 2440-3659 m: 13
With runways 1220-2439 m: 58

Heliports

Pipelines: crude oil 755 km; petroleum products 785 km; natural gas 320 km

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 725 km

Merchant marine: 31 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 449,253 GRT/755,821 DWT, bulk 10, cargo 7, chemical tanker 3, combination ore/oil 3, liquefied gas tanker 3, oil tanker 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 3
Note: in addition, 1 naval tanker and 1 military transport are sometimes used commercially

Ports and terminals


Chile - Transnational issues 1994
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Disputes international: short section of the southern boundary with Argentina is indefinite; Bolivia has wanted a sovereign corridor to the South Pacific Ocean since the Atacama area was lost to Chile in 1884; dispute with Bolivia over Rio Lauca water rights; territorial claim in Antarctica (Chilean Antarctic Territory) partially overlaps Argentine and British claims

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: a minor transshipment country for cocaine destined for the US and Europe


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