Statistical information Pakistan 1994

Pakistan in the World
top of pageBackground: The separation in 1947 of British India into the Muslim state of Pakistan (with two sections West and East) and largely Hindu India was never satisfactorily resolved. A third war between these countries in 1971 resulted in East Pakistan seceding and becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh. A dispute over the state of Kashmir is ongoing.
top of pageLocation: Southern Asia, along the Arabian Sea, between India and Afghanistan
Geographic coordinatesMap reference:
Asia, Standard Time Zones of the WorldAreaTotal area total: 803,940 km²
Land: 778,720 km²
Land boundaries: total 6,774 km, Afghanistan 2,430 km, China 523 km, India 2,912 km, Iran 909 km
Coastline: 1,046 km
Maritime claimsContiguous zone: 24 nm
Continental shelf: 200 nm or the edge of continental margin
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north
Terrain: flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north and northwest; Balochistan plateau in west
ElevationNatural resources: land, extensive natural gas reserves, limited petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, salt, limestone
Land useArable land: 26%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 6%
Forest and woodland: 4%
Other: 64%
Irrigated land: 162,200 km² (1989)
Major riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazards: frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)
GeographyNote: controls Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass, traditional invasion routes between Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent
top of pagePopulation: 128,855,965 (July 1994 est.)
Growth rate: 2.86% (1994 est.)
Nationality: noun:Pakistani(s)
Ethnic groups: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (immigrants from India and their descendents)
Languages: Urdu (official), English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Punjabi 64%, Sindhi 12%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu 7%, Balochi and other 9%
Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), Christian, Hindu, and other 3%
Demographic profileAge structureDependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rate: 2.86% (1994 est.)
Birth rate: 42.22 births/1000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate: 12.38 deaths/1000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate: -1.21 migrant(s)/1000 population (1994 est.)
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues: water pollution from untreated sewage, industrial wastes, and agricultural runoff; water scarcity; a majority of the population does not have access to safe drinking water; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification
Air pollutantsSex ratioMothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 101.9 deaths/1000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birthTotal population: 57.41 years
Male: 56.79 years
Female: 58.06 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate: 6.43 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
Total population: 35%
Male: 47%
Female: 21%
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Conventional short form: former:West Pakistan
Government type: republic
Capital: Islamabad
Administrative divisions: 4 provinces, 1 territory*, and 1 capital territory**; Balochistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas*, Islamabad Capital Territory**, North-West Frontier, Punjab, Sindh
Note: the Pakistani-administered portion of the disputed Jammu and Kashmir region includes Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas
Dependent areasIndependence: 14 August 1947 (from UK)
National holiday: Pakistan Day, 23 March (1956) (proclamation of the republic)
Constitution: 10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977 restored with amendments, 30 December 1985
Legal system: based on English common law with provisions to accommodate Pakistan's stature as an Islamic state; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
International law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrage: 21 years of age; universal; separate electorates and reserved parliamentary seats for non-Muslims
Executive branchChief of state: President Sardar Farooq LEGHARI election last held on 13 November 1993 (next to be held no later than 14 October 1998); results - LEGHARI was elected by Parliament and the four provincial assemblies
Head of government: Prime Minister Benazir BHUTTO
Legislative branch: Army, Navy, Air Force, Civil Armed Forces, National Guard, paramilitary/security forces
Senate: elections last held NA March 1994 (next to be held NA March 1997); results - seats (87 total) Pakistan People's Party (PPP) 22, Pakistan Muslim League, Nawaz Sharif faction (PML/N) 17; Tribal Area Representatives (nonparty) 8, Awami National Party (ANP) 6, Pakistan Muslim League, Junejo faction (PML/J) 5, Jamhoori Watan Party (JWP) 5, Mohajir Quami Movement, Altaf faction (MQM/A) 5, Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam, Fazlur Rehman group (JUI/F) 2, Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party (PKMAP) 2, Jamaat-i-Islami (JI) 2, National People's Party (NPP) 2, Balochistan National Movement, Hayee Group (BNM/H) 1, Balochistan National Movement, Mengal Group (BNM/M) 1, Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Niazi faction (JUP/NI) 1, Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Noorani faction (JUP/NO) 1, Jamiat-al-Hadith (JAH) 1, Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam, Sami-ul-Haq faction (JUI/S) 1, Pakistan Muslim League, Functional Group (PML/F) 1, Pakistan National Party (PNP) 1, independents 2, vacant 1
National Assembly: elections last held 6 October 1993 (next to be held by October 1998); results - seats (217 total); Pakistan People's Party (PPP) 92; Pakistan Muslim League, Nawaz Sharif faction (PML/N) 75; Pakistan Muslim League, Junejo faction (PML/J) 6; Islami-Jamhoori-Mahaz (IJM-Islamic Democratic Front) 4; Awami National Party (ANP) 3; Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party (PKMAP) 4; Pakistan Islamic Front (PIF) 3; Jamhoori Watan Party (JWP) 2; Mutaheda Deeni Mahaz (MDM) 2; Balochistan National Movement, Hayee Group (BNM/H) 1; Balochistan National Movement, Mengal Group (BNM/M) 1; National Democratic Alliance (NDA) 1; National People's Party (NPP) 1; Pakhtun Quami Party (PKQP) 1; Religious minorities 10 reserved seats; independents, 9; results pending, 2
Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Federal Islamic (Shari'at) Court
Political parties and leadersInternational organization participation: AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, G-19, G-24, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, MINURSO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, PCA, SAARC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNOSOM, UNTAC, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representationFrom the us chief of mission: Ambassador John MONJO
From the us chancery: 2,315 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,008
From the us telephone: [92] (51) 826,161 through 79
From the us fax: (202) 387-0484
From the us consulates general: Karachi, Lahore
From the us embassy: Diplomatic Enclave, Ramna 5, Islamabad
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 1048, PSC 1212, Box 2000, Unit 6,220,Islamabad or APO AE 9,812-2000
From the us FAX: [92] (51) 214,222
From the us consulates: Peshawar
Flag description
: green with a vertical white band (symbolizing the role of religious minorities) on the hoist side; a large white crescent and star are centered in the green field; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: Pakistan is a poor Third World country faced with the usual problems of rapidly increasing population, sizable government deficits, and heavy dependence on foreign aid. In addition, the economy must support a large military establishment. Rapid economic growth, averaging 5%-6% over the past decade has helped Pakistan cope with these problems. However, growth slumped to 3% in FY93 because of severe flooding, which damaged the key export crop, cotton. Almost all agriculture and small-scale industry is in private hands. In 1990, Pakistan embarked on a sweeping economic liberalization program to boost foreign and domestic private investment and lower foreign aid dependence. The SHARIF government denationalized several state-owned firms and attracted some foreign investment. Pakistan likely will have difficulty raising living standards because of its rapidly expanding population. At the current rate of growth, population would double in 25 years.
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rate: 3% (FY93 est.)
Real gdp per capita: $1,900 (1993 est.)
Gross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture products: 22% of GDP, over 50% of labor force; world's largest contiguous irrigation system; major crops - cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; livestock products - milk, beef, mutton, eggs; self-sufficient in food grain
Industries: textiles, food processing, beverages, construction materials, clothing, paper products, shrimp
Industrial production growth rate: 7.3% (FY92; accounts for 23% of GDP
Labor force: 28.9 million
By occupation agriculture: 54%
By occupation mining and manufacturing: 13%
By occupation services: 33%
Note: extensive export of labor (1987 est.)
Unemployment rate: 10% (FY91 est.)
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty lineGini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudget: revenues:$9.4 billion
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExports: $6.8 billion (f.o.b., FY92)
Commodities: cotton, textiles, clothing, rice, leather, carpets
Partners: US, Japan, Hong Kong, Germany, UK
Imports: $9.1 billion (f.o.b., FY92)
Commodities: petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, transportation equipment, vegetable oils, animal fats, chemicals
Partners: Japan, US, Germany, UK, Saudi Arabia
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt external: $24 billion (1993 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: Pakistani rupees (PRs) per US$1 - 30.214 (January 1994), 28.107 (1993), 25.083 (1992), 23.801 (1991), 21.707 (1990), 20.541 (1989)
top of pageElectricityCapacity: 10,000,000 kW
Production: 43 billion kWh
Consumption per capita: 350 kWh (1992)
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephonesTelephone systemBroadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresDollar figure: exchange rate conversion - $3.0 billion, 5.7% of GNP (FY93/94)
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports: 110
Usable: 104
With permanentsurface runways: 75
With runways over 3659 m: 1
With runways 2440-3659 m: 30
With runways 1220-2439 m: 43
HeliportsPipelines: crude oil 250 km; petroleum products 885 km; natural gas 4,044 km (1987)
RailwaysRoadwaysWaterwaysMerchant marine: 30 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 352,189 GRT/532,782 DWT, bulk 1, cargo 25, oil tanker 1, passenger-cargo 3
Ports and terminalstop of pageDisputes international: status of Kashmir with India; border question with Afghanistan (Durand Line; water-sharing problems (Wular Barrage) over the Indus with upstream riparian India
Refugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs: major illicit producer of opium and hashish for the international drug trade; despite some success in reducing cultivation, remains world's fourth largest opium producer (140 metric tons in 1993)