Statistical information Pakistan 1994Pakistan

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Pakistan - Introduction 1994
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Background: The separation in 1947 of British India into the Muslim state of Pakistan (with two sections West and East) and largely Hindu India was never satisfactorily resolved. A third war between these countries in 1971 resulted in East Pakistan seceding and becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh. A dispute over the state of Kashmir is ongoing.


Pakistan - Geography 1994
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Location: Southern Asia, along the Arabian Sea, between India and Afghanistan

Geographic coordinates

Map referenceAsia, Standard Time Zones of the World

Area
Total area total: 803,940 km²
Land: 778,720 km²

Land boundaries: total 6,774 km, Afghanistan 2,430 km, China 523 km, India 2,912 km, Iran 909 km

Coastline: 1,046 km

Maritime claims
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Continental shelf: 200 nm or the edge of continental margin
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Climate: mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north

Terrain: flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north and northwest; Balochistan plateau in west

Elevation

Natural resources: land, extensive natural gas reserves, limited petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, salt, limestone
Land use

Land use
Arable land: 26%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 6%
Forest and woodland: 4%
Other: 64%

Irrigated land: 162,200 km² (1989)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)

Geography
Note: controls Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass, traditional invasion routes between Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent


Pakistan - People 1994
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Population: 128,855,965 (July 1994 est.)
Growth rate: 2.86% (1994 est.)

Nationality: noun:Pakistani(s)

Ethnic groups: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (immigrants from India and their descendents)

Languages: Urdu (official), English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Punjabi 64%, Sindhi 12%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu 7%, Balochi and other 9%

Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), Christian, Hindu, and other 3%

Demographic profile
Age structure

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 2.86% (1994 est.)

Birth rate: 42.22 births/1000 population (1994 est.)

Death rate: 12.38 deaths/1000 population (1994 est.)

Net migration rate: -1.21 migrant(s)/1000 population (1994 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: water pollution from untreated sewage, industrial wastes, and agricultural runoff; water scarcity; a majority of the population does not have access to safe drinking water; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 101.9 deaths/1000 live births (1994 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 57.41 years
Male: 56.79 years
Female: 58.06 years (1994 est.)

Total fertility rate: 6.43 children born/woman (1994 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
Total population: 35%
Male: 47%
Female: 21%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


Pakistan - Government 1994
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Country name
Conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Conventional short form: former:West Pakistan

Government type: republic

Capital: Islamabad

Administrative divisions: 4 provinces, 1 territory*, and 1 capital territory**; Balochistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas*, Islamabad Capital Territory**, North-West Frontier, Punjab, Sindh
Note: the Pakistani-administered portion of the disputed Jammu and Kashmir region includes Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas

Dependent areas

Independence: 14 August 1947 (from UK)

National holiday: Pakistan Day, 23 March (1956) (proclamation of the republic)

Constitution: 10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977 restored with amendments, 30 December 1985

Legal system: based on English common law with provisions to accommodate Pakistan's stature as an Islamic state; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal; separate electorates and reserved parliamentary seats for non-Muslims

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Sardar Farooq LEGHARI election last held on 13 November 1993 (next to be held no later than 14 October 1998); results - LEGHARI was elected by Parliament and the four provincial assemblies
Head of government: Prime Minister Benazir BHUTTO

Legislative branch: Army, Navy, Air Force, Civil Armed Forces, National Guard, paramilitary/security forces
Senate: elections last held NA March 1994 (next to be held NA March 1997); results - seats (87 total) Pakistan People's Party (PPP) 22, Pakistan Muslim League, Nawaz Sharif faction (PML/N) 17; Tribal Area Representatives (nonparty) 8, Awami National Party (ANP) 6, Pakistan Muslim League, Junejo faction (PML/J) 5, Jamhoori Watan Party (JWP) 5, Mohajir Quami Movement, Altaf faction (MQM/A) 5, Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam, Fazlur Rehman group (JUI/F) 2, Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party (PKMAP) 2, Jamaat-i-Islami (JI) 2, National People's Party (NPP) 2, Balochistan National Movement, Hayee Group (BNM/H) 1, Balochistan National Movement, Mengal Group (BNM/M) 1, Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Niazi faction (JUP/NI) 1, Jamiat Ulema-i-Pakistan, Noorani faction (JUP/NO) 1, Jamiat-al-Hadith (JAH) 1, Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam, Sami-ul-Haq faction (JUI/S) 1, Pakistan Muslim League, Functional Group (PML/F) 1, Pakistan National Party (PNP) 1, independents 2, vacant 1
National Assembly: elections last held 6 October 1993 (next to be held by October 1998); results - seats (217 total); Pakistan People's Party (PPP) 92; Pakistan Muslim League, Nawaz Sharif faction (PML/N) 75; Pakistan Muslim League, Junejo faction (PML/J) 6; Islami-Jamhoori-Mahaz (IJM-Islamic Democratic Front) 4; Awami National Party (ANP) 3; Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party (PKMAP) 4; Pakistan Islamic Front (PIF) 3; Jamhoori Watan Party (JWP) 2; Mutaheda Deeni Mahaz (MDM) 2; Balochistan National Movement, Hayee Group (BNM/H) 1; Balochistan National Movement, Mengal Group (BNM/M) 1; National Democratic Alliance (NDA) 1; National People's Party (NPP) 1; Pakhtun Quami Party (PKQP) 1; Religious minorities 10 reserved seats; independents, 9; results pending, 2

Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Federal Islamic (Shari'at) Court

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, G-19, G-24, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, MINURSO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, PCA, SAARC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNOSOM, UNTAC, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador John MONJO
From the us chancery: 2,315 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,008
From the us telephone: [92] (51) 826,161 through 79
From the us fax: (202) 387-0484
From the us consulates general: Karachi, Lahore
From the us embassy: Diplomatic Enclave, Ramna 5, Islamabad
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 1048, PSC 1212, Box 2000, Unit 6,220,Islamabad or APO AE 9,812-2000
From the us FAX: [92] (51) 214,222
From the us consulates: Peshawar

Flag descriptionflag of Pakistan: green with a vertical white band (symbolizing the role of religious minorities) on the hoist side; a large white crescent and star are centered in the green field; the crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


Pakistan - Economy 1994
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Economy overview: Pakistan is a poor Third World country faced with the usual problems of rapidly increasing population, sizable government deficits, and heavy dependence on foreign aid. In addition, the economy must support a large military establishment. Rapid economic growth, averaging 5%-6% over the past decade has helped Pakistan cope with these problems. However, growth slumped to 3% in FY93 because of severe flooding, which damaged the key export crop, cotton. Almost all agriculture and small-scale industry is in private hands. In 1990, Pakistan embarked on a sweeping economic liberalization program to boost foreign and domestic private investment and lower foreign aid dependence. The SHARIF government denationalized several state-owned firms and attracted some foreign investment. Pakistan likely will have difficulty raising living standards because of its rapidly expanding population. At the current rate of growth, population would double in 25 years.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 3% (FY93 est.)

Real gdp per capita: $1,900 (1993 est.)

Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: 22% of GDP, over 50% of labor force; world's largest contiguous irrigation system; major crops - cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; livestock products - milk, beef, mutton, eggs; self-sufficient in food grain

Industries: textiles, food processing, beverages, construction materials, clothing, paper products, shrimp

Industrial production growth rate: 7.3% (FY92; accounts for 23% of GDP

Labor force: 28.9 million
By occupation agriculture: 54%
By occupation mining and manufacturing: 13%
By occupation services: 33%
Note: extensive export of labor (1987 est.)
Labor force

Unemployment rate: 10% (FY91 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues:$9.4 billion

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $6.8 billion (f.o.b., FY92)
Commodities: cotton, textiles, clothing, rice, leather, carpets
Partners: US, Japan, Hong Kong, Germany, UK

Imports: $9.1 billion (f.o.b., FY92)
Commodities: petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, transportation equipment, vegetable oils, animal fats, chemicals
Partners: Japan, US, Germany, UK, Saudi Arabia

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $24 billion (1993 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Pakistani rupees (PRs) per US$1 - 30.214 (January 1994), 28.107 (1993), 25.083 (1992), 23.801 (1991), 21.707 (1990), 20.541 (1989)


Pakistan - Energy 1994
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Electricity
Capacity: 10,000,000 kW
Production: 43 billion kWh
Consumption per capita: 350 kWh (1992)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


Pakistan - Communication 1994
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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


Pakistan - Military 1994
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Military expenditures
Dollar figure: exchange rate conversion - $3.0 billion, 5.7% of GNP (FY93/94)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


Pakistan - Transportation 1994
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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 110
Usable: 104
With permanentsurface runways: 75
With runways over 3659 m: 1
With runways 2440-3659 m: 30
With runways 1220-2439 m: 43

Heliports

Pipelines: crude oil 250 km; petroleum products 885 km; natural gas 4,044 km (1987)

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine: 30 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 352,189 GRT/532,782 DWT, bulk 1, cargo 25, oil tanker 1, passenger-cargo 3

Ports and terminals


Pakistan - Transnational issues 1994
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Disputes international: status of Kashmir with India; border question with Afghanistan (Durand Line; water-sharing problems (Wular Barrage) over the Indus with upstream riparian India

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: major illicit producer of opium and hashish for the international drug trade; despite some success in reducing cultivation, remains world's fourth largest opium producer (140 metric tons in 1993)


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