Map of San Marino | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide19891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023 | More stats

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Background: The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.


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Location: Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy

Geographic coordinates

Map reference: Europe

Area
Total area total: 60 km²
Land: 60 km²
Comparative: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries: total 39 km, Italy 39 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none; landlocked

Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers

Terrain: rugged mountains

Elevation

Natural resources: building stone

Land use
Arable land: 17%
Permanent crops: 0%
Meadows and pastures: 0%
Forest and woodland: 0%
Other: 83%

Irrigated land: NA km²

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography
Note: landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines


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Population: 24,313 (July 1995 est.)
Growth rate: 0.88% (1995 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
Adjective: Sammarinese

Ethnic groups: Sammarinese, Italian

Languages: Italian

Religions: Roman Catholic

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years: 16% (female 1,944; male 1,962)
15-64 years: 68% (female 8,243; male 8,354)
65 years and over: 16% (female 2,198; male 1,612) (July 1995 est.)

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 0.88% (1995 est.)

Birth rate: 10.98 births/1000 population (1995 est.)

Death rate: 7.61 deaths/1000 population (1995 est.)

Net migration rate: 5.47 migrant(s)/1000 population (1995 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 5.6 deaths/1000 live births (1995 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 81.27 years
Male: 77.26 years
Female: 85.29 years (1995 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.52 children born/woman (1995 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: age 10 and over can read and write (1976)
Total population: 96%
Male: 97%
Female: 95%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
Conventional short form: San Marino
Local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
Local short form: San Marino

Government type: republic

Capital: San Marino

Administrative divisions: 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello; Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle

Dependent areas

Independence: 301 AD (by tradition)

National holiday: Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic, 3 September

Constitution: 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution

Legal system: based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Cochiefs of state: Captain Regent Marino BOLLINI and Captain Regent Settimio LONFERNINI (for the period 1 April 1995-30 September 1995)
Head of government: Secretary of State Gabriele GATTI (since July 1986)
Cabinet: Congress of State
Note: the popularly elected parliament (Great and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (Co-Chiefs of State) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Great and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Great and General Council; assisting the Captains Regent are three Secretaries of State - Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance - and several additional secretaries; the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs has come to assume many of the prerogatives of a prime minister

Legislative branch: unicameral
Great and General Council: (Consiglio Grande e Generale) elections last held 30 May 1993 (next to be held by NA May 1998); results - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 23.7%, PDP 18.6%, ADP 7.7%, MD 5.3%, RC 3.3%; seats - (60 total) PDCS 26, PSS 14, PDP 11, ADP 4, MD 3, RC 2

Judicial branch: Council of Twelve (Consiglio dei XII)

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: CE, ECE, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM (guest), OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us honorary consulates general: Washington and New York
In the us honorary consulates: Detroit
From the us: no mission in San Marino, but the Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino

Flag description: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1993 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of Italy, which supplies much of its food.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 2.4% (1993 est.)

Real gdp per capita ppp

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: employs 3% of labor force; products - wheat, grapes, maize, olives, meat, cheese, hides; small numbers of cattle, pigs, horses

Industries: tourism, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine

Industrial production growth rate: NA%; accounts for 42% of labor force

Labor force: 4,300 (est.)
By occupation industry: 42%
By occupation agriculture: 3%

Unemployment rate: 4.9% (December 1993)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget
Revenues: $275 million
Expenditures: $275 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)

Public debt

Taxes and other revenues

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Current account balance

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: trade data are included with the statistics for Italy; commodities:building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, and ceramics

Imports: wide variety of consumer manufactures, food

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $NA

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,609.5 (January 1995), 1,612.4 (1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990)


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Electricity access

Electricity production

Electricity consumption

Electricity exports

Electricity imports

Electricity installed generating capacity

Electricity transmission distribution losses

Electricity generation sources

Petroleum

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones fixed lines

Telephones mobile cellular

Telephone system: 11,700 telephones; automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system
Local: NA
Intercity: NA
International: microwave and cable links into Italian networks; no communication satellite facilities

Broadcast media

Internet country code

Internet users

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures: $3.7 million (1992 est.), 1% of GDP

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: none

Airports with paved runways

Airports with unpaved runways

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs