Map of Monaco | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024 | More stats

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Background: Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then the principality's mild climate splendid scenery and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.


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Location: Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy

Geographic coordinates

Map reference

Area
Total: 1.9 km²
Land: 1.9 km²
Comparative: about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Land boundaries: Total 4.4 km, France 4.4 km

Coastline: 4.1 km

Maritime claims: territorial sea:12 nm

Climate: Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Terrain: Hilly, rugged, rocky

Elevation
Extremes lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
Extremes highest point: Mont Agel 140 m

Natural resources: None

Land use
Arable land: 0%
Permanent crops: 0%
Permanent pastures: 0%
Forests and woodland: 0%
Other: 100%

Irrigated land: NA

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


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Population:
Growth rate:

Nationality
Noun: Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s)
Adjective: Monacan or Monegasque

Ethnic groups:

Languages: French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Religions: Roman Catholic 95%

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years:
15-64 years:
65 years and over:

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate:

Birth rate:

Death rate:

Net migration rate:

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: NA
Current issues Natural hazards: NA
International agreements: party to_Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling; signed, but not ratified_Law of the Sea
International agreements note: Second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban

Air pollutants

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.58 male(s)/female
All ages:

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 78.07 years 91,996 est.), 77.9 years (1995 est.)
Male: 74.38 years (1996 est.), 74.18 years (1995 est.)
Female: 81.93 years (1996 est.), 81.8 years (1995 est.)

Total fertility rate:

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: definition:NA

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Principality of Monaco
Conventional short form: Monaco
Local long form: Principaute de Monaco
Local short form: Monaco (Pronunciation)

Government type: Constitutional monarchy

Capital: Monaco

Administrative divisions: 4 quarters (quartiers, singular_quartier; Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

Dependent areas

Independence: 1419 (rule by the House of Grimaldi)

National holiday: National Day, 19 November

Constitution: 17 December 1962

Legal system: Based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 25 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since NA November 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958)
Head of government: Minister of State Jaques DUPONT (since NA 1995) was appointed by the prince from a list of three candidates presented by the French Government
Cabinet: Council of Government; under the authority of the Prince

Legislative branch: Unicameral National Council (Conseil National):Elections last held 24 and 31 January 1993 (next to be held NA; results_percent of vote by party NA; seats_(18 total) Campora List 15, Medecin List 2, independent 1

Judicial branch: Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme)

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO

Diplomatic representation

Flag description: Two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. About 55% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: NA

Real gdp per capita:

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: None

Industries

Industrial production growth rate: Growth rate NA

Labor force: NA

Unemployment rate: 3.1% (1994)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget
Revenues: $660 million (1993 est.), $424 million (1991 est.)
Expenditures: $586 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1993 est.), $376 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1991 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: Calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: total value. NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and Rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Imports: total value:NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and Rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: NA

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: French francs (F) per US$1_5.0056 (January 1996), 4.9915 (1995), 5.520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)


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Electricity
Capacity: 10,000 kW standby; power imported from France
Production: NA kWh
Consumption per capita: NA kWh (1993)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones

Telephone system: 34,600 telephones (1987 est.); automatic telephone system
Local: NA
Intercity: NA
International: no satellite links; served by cable into the French communications system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine: None Airports:Linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs