Statistical information Nigeria 1998

Nigeria in the World
top of pageBackground: Nigeria has been ruled by the military since 1983.
top of pageLocation: Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon
Geographic coordinates: 10 00 N, 8 00 E
Map reference:
AfricaAreaTotal: 923,770 km²
Land: 910,770 km²
Water: 13,000 km²
Comparative: slightly more than twice the size of California
Land boundariesTotal: 4,047 km
Border countries: (4) Benin 773 km;
, Cameroon 1,690 km;
, Chad 87 km;
, Niger 1,497 kmCoastline: 853 km
Maritime claimsContinental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 30 nm
Climate: varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
Terrain: southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north
ElevationExtremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
Extremes highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
Natural resources: petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, natural gas
Land useArable land: 33%
Permanent crops: 3%
Permanent pastures: 44%
Forests and woodland: 12%
Other: 8% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 9,570 km² (1993 est.)
Major riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazards: periodic droughts
Geographytop of pagePopulation: 110,532,242 (July 1998 est.)
Growth rate: 2.96% (1998 est.)
NationalityNoun: Nigerian(s)
Adjective: Nigerian
Ethnic groups: Hausa, Fulani, Yoruba, Ibo, Kanuri, Ibibio, Tiv, Ijaw
Languages: English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani
Religions: Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%
Demographic profileAge structure0-14 years: 45% (male 24,871,855; female 24,661,134)
15-64 years: 52% (male 29,420,428; female 28,343,567)
65 years and over: 3% (male 1,627,452; female 1,607,806) (July 1998 est.)
Dependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rate: 2.96% (1998 est.)
Birth rate: 42.24 births/1000 population (1998 est.)
Death rate: 12.95 deaths/1000 population (1998 est.)
Net migration rate: 0.32 migrant(s)/1000 population (1998 est.)
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues: soil degradation; rapid deforestation; desertification; recent droughts in north severely affecting marginal agricultural activities
International agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutantsSex ratioAt birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female (1998 est.)
Mothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 70.74 deaths/1000 live births (1998 est.)
Life expectancy at birthTotal population: 53.55 years
Male: 52.68 years
Female: 54.45 years (1998 est.)
Total fertility rate: 6.09 children born/woman (1998 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracyDefinition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 57.1%
Male: 67.3%
Female: 47.3% (1995 est.)
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria
Conventional short form: Nigeria
Government type: military government; Nigeria has been ruled by one military regime after another since 31 December 1983; on 1 October 1995, the present military government announced it will turn power over to democratically elected civilian authorities on 1 October 1998
Capital: Abuja
Note: on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially moved from Lagos to Abuja; many government offices remain in Lagos pending completion of facilities in Abuja
Administrative divisions: 30 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital Territory*, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Edo, Enugu, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe
Note: the government has announced the creation of six additional states named Bayelsa, Ebonyi, Ekiti, Gombe, Nassarawa, and Zamfara as part of the process of transition to a civilian government
Dependent areasIndependence: 1 October 1960 (from UK)
National holiday: Independence Day, 1 October (1960)
Constitution: 1979 constitution still partially in force; plan for 1989 constitution to take effect in 1993 was not implemented; draft 1995 constitution has not been published; the military government rules by decree
Legal system: based on English common law, Islamic law, and tribal law
International law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrage: 21 years of age; universal
Executive branchChief of state: Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council and Commander in Chief of Armed Forces Gen. Abdulsalam ABUBAKAR (since 9 June 1998); note_the chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council is both the chief of state and head of government: ead of
Government: Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council and Commander in Chief of Armed Forces Gen. Abdulsalam ABUBAKAR (since 9 June 1998); note_the chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council is both the chief of state and head of government
Cabinet: Federal Executive Council (chaired by the Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council)
Elections: none; on 9 June 1998, the Provisional Ruling Council appointed Gen. Abdulsalam ABUBAKAR as their new Chairman to replace Gen. Sani ABACHA who died in office; Gen. ABUBAKAR immediately pledged a program to return the government to civilian rule as promised by Gen. ABACHA
Legislative branch: bicameral National Assembly, comprising a 109-member Senate and a 360-member House of Representatives
Note: the National Assembly was suspended after the military takeover of 17 November 1993; in October 1995, the government announced a three-year program for transition to civilian rule; elections to the National Assembly took place 25 April 1998 for a term starting 1 October 1998; the election was substantially boycotted by the opposition and the legislature is unlikely to be representative of the electorate
Judicial branch: Supreme Court, judges appointed by the Provisional Ruling Council; Federal Court of Appeal, judges are appointed by the federal government on the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee
Political parties and leadersInternational organization participation: ACP, AfDB, C (suspended), CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUA, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMIBH, UNMOP, UNPREDEP, UNTAES, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Diplomatic representationIn the us chief of mission: Ambassador Wakili Hassan ADAMU
In the us chancery: 1333 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20,036
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 986-8,400
In the us consulates general: New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador William TWADDELL
From the us embassy: 2 Louis Farrakhan Crescent, Lagos
From the us mailing address: P. O. Box 554, Lagos
From the us telephone: [234] (1) 261-0097
From the us fax: [234] (1) 261-0257
Flag description
: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: The oil-rich Nigerian economy continues to be hobbled by political instability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic management. Nigeria's unpopular military rulers have failed to make significant progress in diversifying the economy away from overdependence on the capital intensive oil sector which provides 30% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 80% of budgetary revenues. The government's resistance to initiating greater transparency and accountability in managing the country's multibillion dollar oil earnings continues to limit economic growth and prevent an agreement with the IMF and bilateral creditors on debt relief. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. Agricultural production in 1996 suffered from severe shortages of fertilizer, and production of fertilizer fell even further in 1997.
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rate: 3.3% (1996 est.)
Real gdp per capita: purchasing power parity: $1,300 (1996 est.)
Gross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture: 39%
Industry: 31%
Services: 30% (1996 est.)
Agriculture products: cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; fishing and forest resources extensively exploited
Industries: crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel
Industrial production growth rate: 4.1% (1996)
Labor forceTotal: 42.844 million
By occupation agriculture: 54%
By occupation industry commerce and services: 19%
By occupation government: 15%
Unemployment rate: 28% (1992 est.)
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty lineGini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudgetRevenues: $13.9 billion (1998 est.)
Expenditures: $13.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $N/A billion (1998 est.)
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExports: total value:$15 billion (f.o.b., 1996)
Commodoties: petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber
Partners: US 40%, EU 21% (1995)
Imports: total value:$8 billion (c.i.f., 1996)
Commodoties: machinery, chemicals, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food and animals
Partners: EU 50%, US 12%, Japan 7%
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt external: $34 billion (1997 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: naira (N) per US$1_21.886 (December 1997), 21.886 (1997), 21.895 (1995), 21.996 (1994), 22.065 (1993)
top of pageElectricityCapacity: 5.881 million kW (1995)
Production: 16.21 billion kWh (1996)
Consumption per capita: 152 kWh (1995)
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephones: 492,204 (1990 est.)
Telephone system: average system limited by poor maintenance; major expansion in progress
Domestic: microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, and 20 domestic satellite earth stations carry intercity traffic
International: satellite earth stations_3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); 1 coaxial submarine cable
Broadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresDollar figure: $685 million (1996 est.)
Percent of gdp: less than 1% (1996 est.)
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports: 72 (1997 est.)
With paved runways total: 36
With paved runways over 3047 m: 6
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 10
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 10
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 8
With paved runways under 914 m: 2 (1997 est.)
With unpaved runways total: 36
With unpaved runways over 3047 m: 1
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 1
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 14
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 20 (1997 est.)
Heliports: 1 (1997 est.)
Pipelines: crude oil 2,042 km; petroleum products 3,000 km; natural gas 500 km
RailwaysTotal: 3,557 km
Narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge
Standard gauge: 52 km 1.435-m gauge (1995)
RoadwaysWaterways: 8,575 km consisting of the Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks
Merchant marineTotal: 39 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 379,210 GRT/643,851 DWT
Ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 14, chemical tanker 3, oil tanker 20, roll-on/roll-off cargo 1 (1997 est.)
Ports and terminalsNigeria - Transnational issues 1998
top of pageDisputes international: demarcation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, is completed and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; dispute with Cameroon over land and maritime boundaries in the vicinity of the Bakasi Peninsula has been referred to the ICJ with a ruling expected in 1998; maritime boundary dispute with Equatorial Guinea because of disputed jurisdiction over oil-rich areas in the Gulf of Guinea
Refugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs: facilitates movement of heroin en route from Southeast and Southwest Asia to Western Europe and North America; increasingly a transit route for cocaine from South America intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets