Statistical information Gaza Strip 1999

Gaza Strip in the World
top of pageBackground: The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements ("the DOP"), signed in Washington on 13 September 1993, provides for a transitional period not exceeding five years of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Permanent status negotiations began on 5 May 1996, but have not resumed since the initial meeting. Under the DOP, Israel agreed to transfer certain powers and responsibilities to the Palestinian Authority, which includes a Palestinian Legislative Council elected in January 1996, as part of interim self-governing arrangements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. A transfer of powers and responsibilities for the Gaza Strip and Jericho took place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area and in additional areas of the West Bank pursuant to the Israel-PLO 28 September 1995 Interim Agreement, the Israel-PLO 15 January 1997 Protocol Concerning Redeployment in Hebron, and the Israel-PLO 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum. The DOP provides that Israel will retain responsibility during the transitional period for external security and for internal security and public order of settlements and Israelis. Permanent status is to be determined through direct negotiations.
top of pageLocation: Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Israel
Geographic coordinates: 31 25 N, 34 20 E
Map reference:
Middle EastAreaTotal: 360 km²
Land: 360 km²
Water: 0 km²
Comparative: slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Land boundariesTotal: 62 km
Border countries: (2) Egypt 11 km;
, Israel 51 kmCoastline: 40 km
Maritime claims: Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement_permanent status to be determined through further negotiation
Climate: temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers
Terrain: flat to rolling, sand- and dune-covered coastal plain
ElevationExtremes lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
Extremes highest point: Abu 'Awdah (Joz Abu 'Auda) 105 m
Natural resources: NEGL
Land useArable land: 24%
Permanent crops: 39%
Permanent pastures: 0%
Forests and woodland: 11%
Other: 26% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 120 km² (1993 est.)
Major riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazards: NA
GeographyNote: there are 24 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Gaza Strip (August 1998 est.)
top of pagePopulation: 1,112,654 (July 1999 est.)
Note: in addition, there are some 6,000 Israeli settlers in the Gaza Strip (August 1998 est.)
Growth rate: 4.44% (1999 est.)
Below poverty line: NA%
NationalityNoun: NA
Adjective: NA
Ethnic groups: Palestinian Arab and other 99.4%, Jewish 0.6%
Languages: Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood)
Religions: Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 98.7%, Christian 0.7%, Jewish 0.6%
Demographic profileAge structure0-14 years: 52% (male 294,196; female 280,017)
15-64 years: 46% (male 255,209; female 251,317)
65 years and over: 2% (male 13,475; female 18,440) (1999 est.)
Dependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rate: 4.44% (1999 est.)
Birth rate: 48.24 births/1000 population (1999 est.)
Death rate: 3.8 deaths/1000 population (1999 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1000 population (1999 est.)
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues: desertification; salination of fresh water; sewage treatment
International agreements party to: none of the selected agreements
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutantsSex ratioAt birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female
Total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (1999 est.)
Mothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 22.92 deaths/1000 live births (1999 est.)
Life expectancy at birthTotal population: 73.44 years
Male: 72.01 years
Female: 74.95 years (1999 est.)
Total fertility rate: 7.46 children born/woman (1999 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracy: NA
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: none
Conventional short form: Gaza Strip
Local long form: none
Local short form: Qita Ghazzah
Government typeCapitalAdministrative divisionsDependent areasIndependenceNational holidayConstitutionLegal systemInternational law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrageExecutive branchLegislative branchJudicial branchPolitical parties and leadersInternational organization participationDiplomatic representationFlag description
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: Economic conditions in the Gaza Strip_under the responsibility of the Palestinian Authority since the Cairo Agreement of May 1994_have deteriorated since the early 1990s. Real per capita GDP for the West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS) declined 36% between 1992 and 1996 owing to the combined effect of falling aggregate incomes and robust population growth. The downturn in economic activity was largely the result of Israeli closure policies_the imposition of generalized border closures in response to security incidents in Israel_which disrupted previously established labor and commodity market relationships between Israel and the WBGS. The most serious negative social effect of this downturn has been the emergence of chronic unemployment; average unemployment rates in the WBGS during the 1980s were generally under 5%, by the mid-1990s this level had risen to over 20%. Since 1997 Israel's use of comprehensive closures has decreased and, in 1998, Israel implemented new policies to reduce the impact of closures and other security procedures on the movement of Palestinian goods and labor. These positive changes to the conduct of economic activity, combined with international donor pledges of over $3 billion made to the Palestinian Authority in November, may fuel a moderate economic recovery in 1999.
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rate: 2.2% (1998 est.)
Real gdp per capita: purchasing power parity: $1,000 (1998 est.)
Gross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture: 33%
Industry: 25%
Services: 42% (1995 est., includes West Bank)
Agriculture products: olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products
Industries: generally small family businesses that produce textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis have established some small-scale modern industries in an industrial center
Industrial production growth rate: NA%
Labor force: NA
Note: excluding Israeli settlers
By occupation services: 66%
By occupation industry: 21%
By occupation agriculture: 13% (1996)
Unemployment rate: 26.8% (1997 est.)
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty line: NA%
Gini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudgetRevenues: $816 million
Expenditures: $866 million, including capital expenditures of $N/A (1997 est.)
Note: includes West Bank
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: calendar year (since 1 January 1992)
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExports: $781 million (f.o.b., 1997 est.) (includes West Bank)
Commodities: citrus
Partners: Israel, Egypt, West Bank
Imports: $2.1 billion (c.i.f., 1997 est.) (includes West Bank)
Commodities: food, consumer goods, construction materials
Partners: Israel, Egypt, West Bank
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt external: $108 million (1997 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: new Israeli shekels (NIS) per US$1_4.2260 (November 1998), 3.4494 (1997), 3.1917 (1996), 3.0113 (1995), 3.0111 (1994)
top of pageElectricityProduction: NA kWh
Production note: electricity supplied by Israel
Production by source fossil fuel: NA%
Production by source hydro: NA%
Production by source nuclear: NA%
Production by source other: NA%
Consumption: NA kWh
Exports: NA kWh
Imports: NA kWh
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephones: NA; 3.1% of Palestinian households have telephones
Telephone systemDomestic: NA
International: NA
Broadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresDollar figure: $NA
Percent of gdp: NA%
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports: 2 (1998 est.)
Note: includes Gaza International Airport that opened on 24 November 1998 as part of agreements stipulated in the 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum
With paved runways total: 1
With paved runways over 3047 m: 1 (1998 est.)
With unpaved runways total: 1
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 1 (1998 est.)
HeliportsPipelinesRailways: total:NA km; note_one line, abandoned and in disrepair, little trackage remains
RoadwaysWaterwaysMerchant marinePorts and terminalstop of pageDisputes international: West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement_permanent status to be determined through further negotiation
Refugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs