Statistical information San Marino 1999

San Marino in the World
top of pageBackground: The third smallest state in Europe (after The Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
top of pageLocation: Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Geographic coordinates: 43 46 N, 12 25 E
Map reference:
EuropeAreaTotal: 60 km²
Land: 60 km²
Water: 0 km²
Comparative: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundariesTotal: 39 km
Border countries: (1) Italy 39 kmCoastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Terrain: rugged mountains
ElevationExtremes lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
Extremes highest point: Monte Titano 749 m
Natural resources: building stone
Land useArable land: 17%
Permanent crops: NA%
Permanent pastures: NA%
Forests and woodland: NA%
Other: 83% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: NA km²
Major riversMajor watersheds area km²Total water withdrawalTotal renewable water resourcesNatural hazards: NA
GeographyNote: landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
top of pagePopulation: 25,061 (July 1999 est.)
Growth rate: 0.64% (1999 est.)
Below poverty line: NA%
NationalityNoun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
Adjective: Sammarinese
Ethnic groups: Sammarinese, Italian
Languages: Italian
Religions: Roman Catholic
Demographic profileAge structure0-14 years: 16% (male 2,008; female 2,036)
15-64 years: 67% (male 8,501; female 8,294)
65 years and over: 17% (male 1,774; female 2,448) (1999 est.)
Dependency ratiosMedian agePopulation growth rate: 0.64% (1999 est.)
Birth rate: 10.41 births/1000 population (1999 est.)
Death rate: 8.22 deaths/1000 population (1999 est.)
Net migration rate: 4.23 migrant(s)/1000 population (1999 est.)
Population distributionUrbanizationMajor urban areasEnvironmentCurrent issues: NA
International agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Nuclear Test Ban
International agreements signed but not ratified: Air Pollution
Air pollutantsSex ratioAt birth: 1 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (1999 est.)
Mothers mean age at first birthMaternal mortality ratioInfant mortality rate: 5.39 deaths/1000 live births (1999 est.)
Life expectancy at birthTotal population: 81.47 years
Male: 77.59 years
Female: 85.35 years (1999 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.51 children born/woman (1999 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rateDrinking water sourceCurrent health expenditurePhysicians densityHospital bed densitySanitation facility accessHiv/AidsMajor infectious diseasesObesity adult prevalence rateAlcohol consumptionTobacco useChildren under the age of 5 years underweightEducation expendituresLiteracyDefinition: age 10 and over can read and write
Total population: 96%
Male: 97%
Female: 95% (1976 est.)
School life expectancy primary to tertiary educationYouth unemploymenttop of pageCountry nameConventional long form: Republic of San Marino
Conventional short form: San Marino
Local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
Local short form: San Marino
Government type: republic
Capital: San Marino
Administrative divisions: 9 municipalities (castelli, singular_castello; Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle
Dependent areasIndependence: 301 (by tradition)
National holiday: Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic, 3 September
Constitution: 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Legal system: based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
International law organization participationCitizenshipSuffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branchChief of state: cochiefs of state Captain Regent Pietro BERTI and Captain Regent Paolo BOLLINI (for the period 1 October 1998-31 March 1999)
Head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI (since NA July 1986)
Cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term
Elections: cochiefs of state (captain regents) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA September 1998 (next to be held NA March 1999); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held NA June 1998 (next to be held NA June 2003)
Election results: Pietro BERTI and Paolo BOLLINI elected captain regents; percent of legislative vote_NA; Gabriele GATTI reelected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote_NA
Note: the popularly elected parliament (Great and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Great and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has ten other members, all selected by the Great and General Council; assisting the captains regent are three secretaries of state_Foreign Affairs, Internal Affairs, and Finance_and several additional secretaries; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed many of the prerogatives of a prime minister
Legislative branch: unicameral Great and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)
Elections: last held 31 May 1998 (next to be held by NA May 2003)
Election results: percent of vote by party_PDCS 40.8%, PSS 23.3%, PPDS 18.6%, AP 9.8%, RC 3.3%, Reformist Socialists 4.2%; seats by party_PDCS 25, PSS 14, PPDS 11, AP 6, RC 2, RS 2
Judicial branch: Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Political parties and leadersInternational organization participation: CE, ECE, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM (guest), OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO
Diplomatic representationIn the us: San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
In the us honorary consulates general: Washington, DC, and New York
In the us honorary consulates: Detroit
From the us: the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino
Flag description
: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
National symbolsNational anthemNational heritagetop of pageEconomy overview: The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1995 more than 3.3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
Real gdp purchasing power parityReal gdp growth rate: NA%
Real gdp per capita: purchasing power parity: $20,000 (1997 est.)
Gross national savingGdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end useGdp composition by sector of originAgriculture: NA%
Industry: NA%
Services: NA%
Agriculture products: wheat, grapes, maize, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Industries: tourism, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Industrial production growth rate: NA%
Labor force: 15,600 (1995)
By occupation services: 55%
By occupation industry: 43%
By occupation agriculture: 2% (1995)
Unemployment rate: 3.6% (April 1996)
Youth unemploymentPopulation below poverty line: NA%
Gini indexHousehold income or consumption by percentage shareDistribution of family income gini indexBudgetRevenues: $320 million
Expenditures: $320 million, including capital expenditures of $26 million (1995 est.)
Taxes and other revenuesPublic debtRevenueFiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate consumer pricesCentral bank discount rateCommercial bank prime lending rateStock of narrow moneyStock of broad moneyStock of domestic creditMarket value of publicly traded sharesCurrent account balanceExports: trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Commodities: building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, and ceramics
Imports: trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Commodities: wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
Reserves of foreign exchange and goldDebt external: $NA
Stock of direct foreign investment at homeStock of direct foreign investment abroadExchange rates: Italian lire (Lit) per US$1_1,668.7 (January 1998),1,736.2 (1998), 1,703.1 (1997), 1,542.9 (1996), 1,628.9 (1995), 1,612.4 (1994)
top of pageElectricityProduction: NA kWh
Production by source fossil fuel: NA%
Production by source hydro: NA%
Production by source nuclear: NA%
Production by source other: NA%
Consumption: NA kWh
Exports: NA kWh
Imports: NA kWh
Imports note: electricity supplied by Italy
CoalPetroleumCrude oilRefined petroleumNatural gasCarbon dioxide emissionsEnergy consumption per capitatop of pageTelephones: 15,000 (1995 est.)
Telephone systemDomestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system
International: microwave radio relay and cable connections to Italian network; no satellite earth stations
Broadcast mediaInternetBroadband fixed subscriptionstop of pageMilitary expendituresDollar figure: $3.7 million (1995)
Percent of gdp: 1% (1995)
Military and security forcesMilitary service age and obligationSpace programTerrorist groupstop of pageNational air transport systemCivil aircraft registration country code prefixAirports: none
HeliportsPipelinesRailways: 0 km; note_there is a 1.5 km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore
RoadwaysWaterwaysMerchant marinePorts and terminalstop of pageDisputes international: none
Refugees and internally displaced personsIllicit drugs