Map of Slovenia | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
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Background: In 1918 the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new nation renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia which though communist distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power of the majority Serbs the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991. Historical ties to Western Europe make Slovenia a candidate for future membership in the EU.


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Location: Southeastern Europe eastern Alps bordering the Adriatic Sea between Austria and Croatia

Geographic coordinates: 46 00 N 15 00 E

Map reference: Europe

Area
Comparative: slightly smaller than New Jersey

Land boundaries

Coastline: 46.6 km

Maritime claims: NA

Climate: Mediterranean climate on the coast continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east

Terrain: a short coastal strip on the Adriatic an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria mixed mountain and valleys with numerous rivers to the east

Elevation

Natural resources: lignite coal lead zinc mercury uranium silver hydropower

Land use

Irrigated land: 20 km² (1993 est.)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: flooding and earthquakes

Geography


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Population: 1,927,593 (July 2000 est.)
Growth rate: 0.12% (2000 est.)
Below poverty line: NA%

Nationality

Ethnic groups: Slovene 88% Croat 3% Serb 2% Bosniak 1% Yugoslav 0.6% Hungarian 0.4% other 5% (1991)

Languages: Slovenian 91% Serbo-Croatian 6% other 3%

Religions: Roman Catholic 70.8% (including Uniate 2%) Lutheran 1% Muslim 1% atheist 4.3% other 22.9%

Demographic profile

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 0.12% (2000 est.)

Birth rate: 9.35 births/1000 population (2000 est.)

Death rate: 9.9 deaths/1000 population (2000 est.)

Net migration rate: 1.75 migrant(s)/1000 population (2000 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 4.56 deaths/1000 live births (2000 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Total fertility rate: 1.28 children born/woman (2000 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name

Government type: parliamentary democratic republic

Capital: Ljubljana

Administrative divisions: 136 municipalities (obcine singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities* (obcine mestne singular - obcina mestna) Ajdovscina Beltinci Bled Bohinj Borovnica Bovec Brda Brezice Brezovica Cankova-Tisina Celje* Cerklje na Gorenjskem Cerknica Cerkno Crensovci Crna na Koroskem Crnomelj Destrnik-Trnovska Vas Divaca Dobrepolje Dobrova-Horjul-Polhov Gradec Dol pri Ljubljani Domzale Dornava Dravograd Duplek Gorenja Vas-Poljane Gorisnica Gornja Radgona Gornji Grad Gornji Petrovci Grosuplje Hodos Salovci Hrastnik Hrpelje-Kozina Idrija Ig Ilirska Bistrica Ivancna Gorica Izola Jesenice Jursinci Kamnik Kanal Kidricevo Kobarid Kobilje Kocevje Komen Koper* Kozje Kranj* Kranjska Gora Krsko Kungota Kuzma Lasko Lenart Lendava Litija Ljubljana* Ljubno Ljutomer Logatec Loska Dolina Loski Potok Luce Lukovica Majsperk Maribor* Medvode Menges Metlika Mezica Miren-Kostanjevica Mislinja Moravce Moravske Toplice Mozirje Murska Sobota* Muta Naklo Nazarje Nova Gorica* Novo Mesto* Odranci Ormoz Osilnica Pesnica Piran Pivka Podcetrtek Podvelka-Ribnica Postojna Preddvor Ptuj* Puconci Race-Fram Radece Radenci Radlje ob Dravi Radovljica Ravne-Prevalje Ribnica Rogasevci Rogaska Slatina Rogatec Ruse Semic Sencur Sentilj Sentjernej Sentjur pri Celju Sevnica Sezana Skocjan Skofja Loka Skofljica Slovenj Gradec* Slovenska Bistrica Slovenske Konjice Smarje pri Jelsah Smartno ob Paki Sostanj Starse Store Sveti Jurij Tolmin Trbovlje Trebnje Trzic Turnisce Velenje* Velike Lasce Videm Vipava Vitanje Vodice Vojnik Vrhnika Vuzenica Zagorje ob Savi Zalec Zavrc Zelezniki Ziri Zrece

Dependent areas

Independence: 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

National holiday: National Statehood Day 25 June (1991)

Constitution: adopted 23 December 1991 effective 23 December 1991

Legal system: based on civil law system

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age if employed)

Executive branch

Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats 40 are directly elected and 50 are selected on a proportional basis; note - the numbers of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

Judicial branch: Supreme Court judges are elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Judicial Council; Constitutional Court judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president

Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party of Retired (Persons) of Slovenia or DeSUS [Joze GLOBACNIK]; Liberal Democratic or LDS [Janez DRNOVSEK chairman]; Slovene Christian Democrats or SKD [Lozje PETERLE chairman]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC chairman]; Slovene People's Party or SLS [Marjan PODOBNIK chairman]; Social Democratic Party of Slovenia or SDS [Janez JANSA chairman]; United List (former Communists and allies) or ZLSD [Janez KOCIJANCIC chairman]

International organization participation: BIS CCC CE CEI EAPC EBRD ECE EU (applicant) FAO IADB IAEA IBRD ICAO ICRM IDA IFC IFRCS ILO IMF IMO Intelsat (nonsignatory user) Interpol IOC IOM (observer) ISO ITU NAM (guest) OPCW OSCE PCA PFP UN UNCTAD UNESCO UNFICYP UNIDO UNTSO UPU WEU (associate partner) WHO WIPO WMO WToO WTrO

Diplomatic representation

Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of white (top) blue and red with the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav Slovenia's highest peak in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries); the seal is located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: Slovenia continues to enjoy the highest GDP per capita of the transitioning economies of the region. The country is experiencing an increased yet manageable rate of inflation and anticipates increased GDP growth during the year 2000 as growth accelerates in the EU Slovenia's leading export market. The country is on a sound economic footing. However much work remains to be done in the areas of privatization and capital market reform. During 2000 privatizations are expected in the banking telecommunications and public utility sectors. Restrictions on foreign investment are slowly being dismantled and foreign direct investment (FDI) is expected to increase over the next two years.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: 3.5% (1999 est.)

Real gdp per capita: purchasing power parity - $10,900 (1999 est.)

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: potatoes hops wheat sugar beets corn grapes; cattle sheep poultry

Industries: ferrous metallurgy and rolling mill products aluminum reduction and rolled products lead and zinc smelting electronics (including military electronics) trucks electric power equipment wood products textiles chemicals machine tools

Industrial production growth rate: 2% (1999)

Labor force: 857,400
By occupation agriculture: NA%
By occupation industry: NA%
By occupation services: NA%

Unemployment rate: 7.1% (1997 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line: NA%

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices: 6.3% (1999 est.)

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $8.4 billion (f.o.b. 1999)
Commodities: manufactured goods 45% machinery and transport equipment 30% chemicals 10% food 3% (1997)
Partners: Germany 28% Italy 14% Croatia 9% France 8% Austria 7% (1998)

Imports: $9.7 billion (f.o.b. 1999)
Commodities: machinery and transport equipment 31% manufactured goods 31% chemicals 11% fuels and lubricants food (1997)
Partners: Germany 21% Italy 17% France 12% Austria 8% Croatia 4% Hungary 3% Russia 3% (1998)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $4.9 billion (1998 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: tolars (SlT) per US$1 - 195.06 (January 2000) 181.77 (1999) 166.13 (1998) 159.69 (1997) 135.36 (1996) 118.52 (1995)


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Electricity
Production: 13.18 billion kWh (1998)
Consumption: 10.661 billion kWh (1998)
Exports: 2.146 billion kWh (1998)
Imports: 550 million kWh (1998)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones
Main lines in use: 700,000 (1997)
Mobile cellular: 57,342 (1999)

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet
Service providers isps: 7 (1999)

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures
Dollar figure: $335 million (FY99)
Percent of gdp: 1.6% (FY99)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 14 (1999 est.)

Heliports

Pipelines: crude oil 290 km; natural gas 305 km

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: NA

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international: significant progress has been made with Croatia toward resolving a maritime border dispute over direct access to the sea in the Adriatic; Italy and Slovenia made progress in resolving bilateral issues

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: minor transit point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe and for precursor chemicals