Map of Kyrgyzstan | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024 | More stats

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Background: A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, most of the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan was formally annexed by the Russian Empire in 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire in 1916 in which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet republic in 1926 and achieved independence in 1991 when the USSR dissolved. Nationwide demonstrations in 2005 and 2010 resulted in the ouster of the country’s first two presidents, Askar AKAEV and Kurmanbek BAKIEV. Interim President Roza OTUNBAEVA led a transitional government and following a nation-wide election, President Almazbek ATAMBAEV was sworn in as president in 2011. In 2017, ATAMBAEV became the first Kyrgyzstani president to step down after serving one full six-year term as required at the time in the country’s constitution. Former prime minister and ruling Social-Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan member, Sooronbay JEENBEKOV, replaced him after winning the 2017 presidential election, which was the most competitive in the country’s history, although international and local election observers noted cases of vote buying and abuse of public resources. In October 2020, protests against parliamentary election results spread across Kyrgyzstan, leading to JEENBEKOV’s resignation from the presidency, and catapulting previously imprisoned Sadyr JAPAROV to acting president. In January 2021, Kyrgyzstanis formally elected JAPAROV as president and approved a referendum to move Kyrgyzstan from a parliamentary to a presidential system. In April 2021, Kyrgyzstanis voted in favor of draft constitutional changes that consolidated power in the presidency. Pro-government parties won a majority in the Jogorku Kenesh (Kyrgyzstan’s legislature) in November 2021 elections. Continuing concerns for Kyrgyzstan include the trajectory of democratization, endemic corruption, tense regional relations, vulnerabilities due to climate change, border security vulnerabilities, and potential terrorist threats.


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Location: Central Asia, west of China, south of Kazakhstan

Geographic coordinates: 41 00 N, 75 00 E

Map reference: Asia

Area
Total: 199,951 km²
Land: 191,801 km²
Water: 8,150 km²
Comparative: slightly smaller than South Dakota

Land boundaries
Total: 4,573 km
Border countries: (4) China 1,063 km; Kazakhstan 1,212 km; Tajikistan 984 km; Uzbekistan 1,314 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

Climate: dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan Mountains; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone

Terrain: peaks of the Tien Shan mountain range and associated valleys and basins encompass the entire country

Elevation
Highest point: Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m
Lowest point: Kara-Daryya (Karadar'ya) 132 m
Mean elevation: 2,988 m

Natural resources: abundant hydropower; gold, rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil, and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc

Land use
Agricultural land: 55.4% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land arable land: 6.7% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent crops: 0.4% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent pasture: 48.3% (2018 est.)
Forest: 5.1% (2018 est.)
Other: 39.5% (2018 est.)

Irrigated land: 10,043 km² (2020)

Major rivers
By length in km:

Major watersheds area km²: Internal (endorheic basin) drainage: Tarim Basin (1,152,448 km²), (Aral Sea basin) Amu Darya (534,739 km²), Syr Darya (782,617 km²)

Total water withdrawal
Municipal: 220 million cubic meters (2020 est.)
Industrial: 340 million cubic meters (2020 est.)
Agricultural: 7.1 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

Total renewable water resources: 23.62 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)

Natural hazards: major flooding during snow melt; prone to earthquakes

Geography
Note: landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; 94% of the country is 1,000 m above sea level with an average elevation of 2,750 m; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes


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Population
Distribution: the vast majority of Kyrgyzstanis live in rural areas; densest population settlement is to the north in and around the capital, Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west; the least densely populated area is the east, southeast in the Tien Shan mountains: 6,122,781 (2023 est.)
Growth rate: 0.82% (2023 est.)
Below poverty line: 20.1% (2019 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Kyrgyzstani(s)
Adjective: Kyrgyzstani

Ethnic groups: Kyrgyz 73.8%, Uzbek 14.8%, Russian 5.1%, Dungan 1.1%, other 5.2% (includes Uyghur, Tajik, Turk, Kazakh, Tatar, Ukrainian, Korean, German) (2021 est.)

Languages: Kyrgyz (state language) 71.4%, Uzbek 14.4%, Russian (official language) 9%, other 5.2% (2009 est.)
Major-language samples:

Religions: Muslim 90% (majority Sunni), Christian 7% (Russian Orthodox 3%), other 3% (includes Jewish, Buddhist, Baha'i) (2017 est.)

Demographic profile: Kyrgyzstan is a sparsely populated country whose population is unevenly distributed. More than 50% of the population lives in or around the two cities of Bishkek and Osh and their surrounding districts, which together account for about 12% of the country’s area. Kyrgyzstan’s population continues to grow rapidly owing to its high fertility rate and the traditional preference for larger families, a low mortality rate, a growing share of women of reproductive age, and measures to support families with children. The country has a youthful age structure; over 45% of the population is under the age of 25 as of 2022. Nevertheless, Kyrgyzstan is transitioning from an agricultural society with high fertility and mortality rates to an industrial society with lower fertility and mortality rates.

Age structure
0-14 years: 29.54% (male 928,876/female 879,729)
15-64 years: 63.86% (male 1,914,277/female 1,995,500)
65 years and over: 6.6% (2023 est.) (male 154,684/female 249,715)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 63.5
Youth dependency ratio: 56.4
Elderly dependency ratio: 7.2
Potential support ratio: 13.9 (2021 est.)

Median age
Total: 28.1 years (2023 est.)
Male: 26.7 years
Female: 29.5 years

Population growth rate: 0.82% (2023 est.)

Birth rate: 19.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate: 6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Net migration rate: -4.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution: the vast majority of Kyrgyzstanis live in rural areas; densest population settlement is to the north in and around the capital, Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west; the least densely populated area is the east, southeast in the Tien Shan mountains

Urbanization
Urban population: 37.8% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 2.05% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas
Population: 1.105 million BISHKEK (capital) (2023)

Environment
Current issues: water pollution; many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells; as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent; increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation practices; air pollution due to rapid increase of traffic
International agreements party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
International agreements signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Air pollutants
Particulate matter emissions: 37.58 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 9.79 megatons (2016 est.)
Methane emissions: 4.47 megatons (2020 est.)

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2023 est.)

Mothers mean age at first birth: 22.6 years (2019 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio: 50 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Infant mortality rate
Total: 25.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)
Male: 29.2 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 20.7 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 72.6 years (2023 est.)
Male: 68.6 years
Female: 77 years

Total fertility rate: 2.47 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 39.4% (2018)

Drinking water source
Improved urban: 100% of population
Improved rural: 89.9% of population
Improved total: 93.6% of population
Unimproved urban: 0% of population
Unimproved rural: 10.1% of population
Unimproved total: 6.4% of population (2020 est.)

Current health expenditure: 5.3% of GDP (2020)

Physicians density: 2.21 physicians/1,000 population (2014)

Hospital bed density: 4.4 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Sanitation facility access
Improved urban:
Unimproved urban:

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 16.6% (2016)

Alcohol consumption
Per capita total: 4.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita beer: 0.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita wine: 0.23 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita spirits: 3.35 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use
Total: 25.4% (2020 est.)
Male: 48% (2020 est.)
Female: 2.8% (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 1.8% (2018)

Education expenditures: 6.2% of GDP (2020 est.)

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 99.6%
Male: 99.7%
Female: 99.5% (2018)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 14 years
Male: 13 years
Female: 14 years (2021)

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15 24 total: 19.3% (2021 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 male: 15.6%
Rate ages 15 24 female: 27.3%


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Country name
Conventional long form: Kyrgyz Republic
Conventional short form: Kyrgyzstan
Local long form: Kyrgyz Respublikasy
Local short form: Kyrgyzstan
Etymology: a combination of the Turkic words "kyrg" (forty) and "-yz" (tribes) with the Persian suffix "-stan" (country) creating the meaning "Land of the Forty Tribes"; the name refers to the 40 clans united by the mythic Kyrgyz hero, MANAS

Government type: parliamentary republic

Capital
Name: Bishkek
Geographic coordinates: 42 52 N, 74 36 E
Time difference: UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Etymology: founded in 1868 as a Russian settlement on the site of a previously destroyed fortress named "Pishpek"; the name was retained and overtime became "Bishkek"

Administrative divisions: 7 provinces (oblustar, singular - oblus) and 2 cities* (shaarlar, singular - shaar); Batken Oblusu, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblusu (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblusu, Naryn Oblusu, Osh Oblusu, Osh Shaary*, Talas Oblusu, Ysyk-Kol Oblusu (Karakol)
Note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)

Dependent areas

Independence: 31 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

National holiday: Independence Day, 31 August (1991)

Constitution
History: previous 1993, 2007, 2010; latest approved by referendum in April 2021 that transitioned Kyrgyzstan from a parliamentary to a presidential system, and implemented changes that allow the president to serve for two 5-year terms rather than one 6-year term, reduced the number of seats in Kyrgyzstan's legislature from 120 to 90, and established a Kurultay - a public advisory council
Amendments: proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president

Legal system: civil law system, which includes features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws

International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan
Dual citizenship recognized: yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual citizenship is in force
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
Head of government: President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)
Cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president
Elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 January 2021 (next to be held in 2,027)
Election results:
Note: the President is both Chief of State and Head of Government.

Legislative branch
Description: unicameral Supreme Council or Jogorku Kenesh (90 seats statutory, current 88; 54 seats allocated for proportional division among political party lists from the national vote and 36 seats allocated for candidates running in single-seat constituencies; members serve 5-year terms; parties must receive 5% of the vote to win seats in the Council)
Elections: last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held in 2,026)
Election results: percent of vote by party - Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan or AJK 17.3%, Ishenim 15%, Yntymak 12.1%, Alyans 9.2%, Butun Kyrgyzstan 7.8%, Yiman Nuru 6.8%, other 30%; seats by party - AJK 15, Ishenim 12, Yntymak 9, Alyns 7, Butun Kyrgyzstan 6, Yiman Nuru 5, other 36; composition - men 70, women 18, percent of women 20%

Judicial branch
Highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 25 judges); Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (consists of the chairperson, deputy chairperson, and 9 judges)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president; Supreme Court judges serve for 10 years, Constitutional Court judges serve for 15 years; mandatory retirement at age 70 for judges of both courts
Subordinate courts: Higher Court of Arbitration; oblast (provincial) and city courts

Political parties and leaders:

International organization participation: ADB, CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI (compliant country), FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Baktybek AMANBAEV (since 7 July 2021)
In the us chancery: 2,360 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,008
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 449-9,822
In the us FAX: [1] (202) 449-8,275
In the us email address and website:
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Lesslie VIGUERIE (since 29 December 2022)
From the us embassy: 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720,016
From the us mailing address: 7,040 Bishkek Place, Washington DC 20,521-7,040
From the us telephone: [996] (312) 597-000
From the us FAX: [996] (312) 597-744
From the us email address and website:

Flag description: red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of a "tunduk" - the crown of a traditional Kyrgyz yurt; red symbolizes bravery and valor, the sun evinces peace and wealth

National symbols: white falcon; national colors: red, yellow

National anthem
Name: "Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni" (National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic)
Lyrics/music: Djamil SADYKOV and Eshmambet KULUEV/Nasyr DAVLESOV and Kalyi MOLDOBASANOV
Note: adopted 1992

National heritage
Total World Heritage Sites: 3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)
Selected World Heritage Site locales:


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Economy overview: landlocked, lower-middle-income Central Asian economy; natural resource rich; growing hydroelectricity and tourism; high remittances; corruption limits investment; COVID-19 and political turmoil hurt GDP, limited public revenues, and increased spending

Real gdp purchasing power parity:
Note: data are in 2017 dollars

Real gdp growth rate:

Real gdp per capita:
Note: data are in 2017 dollars

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 85.4% (2017 est.)
Government consumption: 18.9% (2017 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 33.2% (2017 est.)
Investment in inventories: 1.8% (2017 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 39.7% (2017 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -79% (2017 est.)

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 14.6% (2017 est.)
Industry: 31.2% (2017 est.)
Services: 54.2% (2017 est.)

Agriculture products: milk, potatoes, sugar beets, maize, wheat, barley, tomatoes, watermelons, onions, carrots/turnips

Industries: small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, lumber, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals

Industrial production growth rate: 3.1% (2021 est.)

Labor force: 2.478 million (2021 est.)

Unemployment rate:

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15 24 total: 19.3% (2021 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 male: 15.6%
Rate ages 15 24 female: 27.3%

Population below poverty line: 20.1% (2019 est.)

Gini index
Coefficient distribution of family income: 29 (2020 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10%: 4.4%
Highest 10%: 22.9% (2014 est.)

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget
Revenues: $2.878 billion (2019 est.)
Expenditures: $2.89 billion (2019 est.)
Surplus  or deficit: -3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Taxes and other revenues: 14.92% (of GDP) (2020 est.)

Public debt:

Revenue
From forest resources: 0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)
From coal: 0.21% of GDP (2018 est.)

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices:

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance:

Exports:
Partners: United Kingdom 56%, Kazakhstan 13%, Russia 13%, Uzbekistan 5% (2019)
Commodities: gold, float glass, precious metals, kidney beans, refined petroleum, scrap copper, dried fruits (2021)

Imports:
Partners: China 53%, Russia 17%, Kazakhstan 7%, Uzbekistan 7%, Turkey 5% (2019)
Commodities: refined petroleum, footwear, clothing and apparel, broadcasting equipment, walnuts (2019)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

Debt external:

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates:


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Electricity
Access electrification-total population: 99.6% (2021)
Access electrification-urban areas: 99.8% (2021)
Access electrification-rural areas: 99.5% (2021)
Installed generating capacity: 4.626 million kW (2020 est.)
Consumption: 12,324,140,000 kWh (2019 est.)
Exports: 271 million kWh (2019 est.)
Imports: 269 million kWh (2019 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses: 2.514 billion kWh (2019 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels: 8.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources solar: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 91.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

Coal
Production: 2.287 million metric tons (2020 est.)
Consumption: 1.717 million metric tons (2020 est.)
Exports: 984,000 metric tons (2020 est.)
Imports: 481,000 metric tons (2020 est.)
Proven reserves: 971 million metric tons (2019 est.)

Petroleum
Total petroleum production: 700 bbl/day (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum consumption: 32,100 bbl/day (2019 est.)
Crude oil and lease condensate exports: 1,400 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Crude oil and lease condensate imports: 8,200 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Crude oil estimated reserves: 40 million barrels (2021 est.)

Crude oil

Refined petroleum
Products production: 6,996 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products exports: 2,290 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products imports: 34,280 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Natural gas
Production: 25.542 million cubic meters (2019 est.)
Consumption: 207.845 million cubic meters (2019 est.)
Exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)
Imports: 191.478 million cubic meters (2019 est.)
Proven reserves: 5.663 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions: 7.88 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
From coal and metallurgical coke: 2.967 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 4.505 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
From consumed natural gas: 408,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Energy consumption per capita: 35.059 million Btu/person (2019 est.)


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Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 299,000 (2021 est.)
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5 (2021 est.)
Mobile cellular total subscriptions: 8.5 million (2021 est.)
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130 (2021 est.)

Telephone system

Broadcast media: state-funded public TV broadcaster NTRK has nationwide coverage; also operates Ala-Too 24 news channel which broadcasts 24/7 and 4 other educational, cultural, and sports channels; ELTR is a state-owned TV station with national reach; the switchover to digital TV in 2017 resulted in private TV station growth; approximately 20 stations are struggling to increase their own Kyrgyz-language content up to 60% of airtime, as required by law, instead of rebroadcasting primarily programs from Russian channels or airing unlicensed movies and music; several Russian TV stations also broadcast; state-funded radio stations and about 10 significant private radio stations also exist (2023)

Internet
Country code: .kg
Users total: 5.07 million (2021 est.)
Users percent of population: 78% (2021 est.)

Broadband fixed subscriptions
Total: 289,000 (2020 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2020 est.)


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Military expenditures:

Military and security forces: Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic: Land Forces, Air Defense Forces, National Guard; Internal Troops; State Committee for National Security (GKNB): State Border Service (2023)

Military service age and obligation: 18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary service for men in the Armed Forces or Interior Ministry; 12-month service obligation (9 months for university graduates), with optional fee-based 3-year service in the call-up mobilization reserve; women may volunteer at age 19; 16-17 years of age for military cadets, who cannot take part in military operations (2023)

Space program

Terrorist groups
Terrorist groups: US-designated foreign terrorist groups such as the Islamic Jihad Union, the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, and the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham-Khorasan Province have operated in the area where the Uzbek, Kyrgyz, and Tajik borders converge and ill-defined and porous borders allow for the relatively free movement of people and illicit goods


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National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 5 (2020)
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 17
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 709,198 (2018)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: EX

Airports: 28 (2021)
With paved runways: 18
With paved runways note: paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 m (16,000 ft.), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 m (8,000-13,000 ft.)
With unpaved runways: 10
With unpaved runways note: unpaved runways have a surface composition such as grass or packed earth and are most suited to the operation of light aircraft; unpaved runways are usually short, often less than 1,000 m (3,280 ft.) in length; airports with unpaved runways often lack facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control

Heliports

Pipelines: 4,195 km gas (2022), 16 km oil (2022) (2022)

Railways
Total: 424 km (2022)
Broad gauge: 424 km (2018) 1.520-m gauge

Roadways
Total: 34,000 km (2022)

Waterways: 576 km (2022)

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals
Lake ports: Balykchy (Ysyk-Kol or Rybach'ye)(Lake Ysyk-Kol)


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Disputes international: Kyrgyzstan-China: a 2009 treaty settled a border dispute, with Kyrgyzstan receiving the Khan Tengri Peak and Kyrgyzstan ceding to China the Uzengi-Kush area

Refugees and internally displaced persons
Stateless persons: 482 (2022)

Illicit drugs: a prime transit route and transshipment route for illegal drugs transiting north from Afghanistan to Russia and Europe; illicit drugs are primarily smuggled into the country from Tajikistan