Map of Morocco | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024 | More stats

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Background:


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Location: Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Mauritania

Geographic coordinates: 28 30 N, 10 00 W

Map reference: Africa

Area
Total: 716,550 km²
Land: 716,300 km²
Water: 250 km²
Comparative: slightly larger than twice the size of California
Country comparison total: 3,523.5 km
Country comparison border countries: (3) Algeria 1,941 km; Mauritania 1,564 km; Spain (Ceuta) 8 km; and Spain (Melilla) 10.5 km
Country comparison note: an additional 75-meter border segment exists between Morocco and the Spanish exclave of Penon de Velez de la Gomera

Land boundaries
Total: 3,523.5 km
Border countries: (3) Algeria 1,941 km; Mauritania 1,564 km; Spain (Ceuta) 8 km; and Spain (Melilla) 10.5 km
Note: an additional 75-meter border segment exists between Morocco and the Spanish exclave of Penon de Velez de la Gomera

Coastline: 2,945 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Climate: Mediterranean in the north, becoming more extreme in the interior; in the south, hot, dry desert; rain is rare; cold offshore air currents produce fog and heavy dew
Note: data does not include former Western Sahara

Terrain: mountainous northern coast (Rif Mountains) and interior (Atlas Mountains) bordered by large plateaus with intermontane valleys, and fertile coastal plains; the south is mostly low, flat desert with large areas of rocky or sandy surfaces

Elevation
Highest point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m
Lowest point: Sebkha Tah -59 m
Mean elevation: 909 m

Natural resources: phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt

Land use
Agricultural land: 67.5% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land arable land: 17.5% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent crops: 2.9% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land permanent pasture: 47.1% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land forest: 11.5% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land other: 21% (2018 est.)
Note: does not include the area of the former Western Sahara, which is almost exclusively desert

Irrigated land: 17,645 km² (2019)

Major rivers
By length in km: Draa - 1,100 km

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal
Municipal: 1.06 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)
Industrial: 210 million cubic meters (2020 est.)
Agricultural: 9.16 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)
Note: data does not include former Western Sahara

Total renewable water resources: 29 billion m³ (2020 est.)
Note: data does not include former Western Sahara

Natural hazards: in the north, the mountains are geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts; windstorms; flash floods; landslides; in the south, a hot, dry, dust/sand-laden sirocco wind can occur during winter and spring; widespread harmattan haze exists 60% of time, often severely restricting visibility

Geography
Note: strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar; the only African nation to have both Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines; the waters off the Atlantic coast are particularly rich fishing areas


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Population
Distribution: the highest population density is found along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts; a number of densely populated agglomerations are found scattered through the Atlas Mountains as shown in this population distribution map
Total: 37,387,585
Male: 18,664,263
Female: 18,723,322 (2024 est.)
Growth rate: 0.84% (2024 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Moroccan(s)
Adjective: Moroccan

Ethnic groups: Arab-Amazigh 99%, other 1%
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Languages: Arabic (official), Tamazight languages (Tamazight (official), Tachelhit, Tarifit), French (often the language of business, government, and diplomacy)
Major-language samples: كتاب ديال لحقائق متاع العالم، احسن مصدر متاع المعلومات الأساسية (Arabic); Gheos World Guide, the indispensable source for basic information.
Note: the proportion of Tamazight speakers is disputed

Religions: Muslim 99% (official; virtually all Sunni, <0.1% Shia), other 1% (includes Christian, Jewish, and Baha'i)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years: 25.7% (male 4,898,154/female 4,701,786)
15-64 years: 65.9% (male 12,236,752/female 12,410,567)
65 years and over: 8.4% (2024 est.) (male 1,529,357/female 1,610,969)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 52.2
Youth dependency ratio: 40.9
Elderly dependency ratio: 11.3
Potential support ratio: 8.9 (2021 est.)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Median age
Total: 30.6 years (2024 est.)
Male: 30.1 years
Female: 31 years

Population growth rate: 0.84% (2024 est.)

Birth rate: 16.8 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Death rate: 6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Net migration rate: -1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Population distribution: the highest population density is found along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts; a number of densely populated agglomerations are found scattered through the Atlas Mountains as shown in this population distribution map

Urbanization
Urban population: 65.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 1.88% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Note: data does not include former Western Sahara

Major urban areas
Population: 3.893 million Casablanca, 1.959 million RABAT (capital), 1.290 million Fes, 1.314 million Tangier, 1.050 million Marrakech, 979,000 Agadir (2023)

Environment
Current issues: in the north, land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation); water and soil pollution due to dumping of industrial wastes into the ocean and inland water sources, and onto the land; in the south, desertification; overgrazing; sparse water and lack of arable land
Current issues note: data does not include former Western Sahara
International agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: Environmental Modification

Air pollutants
Particulate matter emissions: 13.44 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 61.28 megatons (2016 est.)
Methane emissions: 17.16 megatons (2020 est.)
Note: data does not include former Western Sahara

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female
Total population: 1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio: 72 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Infant mortality rate
Total: 18.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male: 20.4 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 16 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 74.2 years (2024 est.)
Male: 72.5 years
Female: 76 years

Total fertility rate: 2.25 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 70.8% (2018)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Drinking water source
Improved urban: 98.3% of population
Unimproved rural: 20.9% of population
Unimproved total: 9% of population (2017 est.)
Unimproved urban: 1.7% of population
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density: 1 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Sanitation facility access
Improved urban: 98.2% of population
Improved rural: 72.4% of population
Improved total: 88.8% of population
Unimproved urban: 1.8% of population
Unimproved rural: 27.6% of population
Unimproved total: 11.2% of population (2020 est.)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 26.1% (2016)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Alcohol consumption
Per capita total: 0.51 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita beer: 0.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita wine: 0.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita spirits: 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use
Total: 14.5% (2020 est.)
Male: 28.2% (2020 est.)
Female: 0.8% (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 2.8% (2019/20)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Education expenditures: 6.8% of GDP (2020)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 75.9%
Male: 84.8%
Female: 67.4% (2021)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 14 years
Male: 14 years
Female: 14 years (2021)
Note: does not include data from the former Western Sahara

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15 24 total: 22.6% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 male: 22.5% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 female: 23% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Kingdom of Morocco
Conventional short form: Morocco
Local long form: Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah
Local short form: Al Maghrib
Former: French Protectorate in Morocco, Spanish Protectorate in Morocco, Ifni, Spanish Sahara, Western Sahara
Etymology: the English name 'Morocco' derives from, respectively, the Spanish and Portuguese names 'Marruecos' and 'Marrocos,' which stem from 'Marrakesh' the Latin name for the former capital of ancient Morocco; the Arabic name 'Al Maghrib' translates as 'The West'

Government type: parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Capital
Name: Rabat
Geographic coordinates: 34 01 N, 6 49 W
Time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Etymology: name derives from the Arabic title 'Ribat el-Fath,' meaning 'stronghold of victory,' applied to the newly constructed citadel in 1170

Administrative divisions: 12 regions; Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Casablanca-Settat, Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab, Draa-Tafilalet, Fes-Meknes, Guelmim-Oued Noun, Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra, Marrakech-Safi, Oriental, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Souss-Massa, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
Note: effective 10 December 2020, the US Government recognizes the sovereignty of Morocco over all of the territory of former Western Sahara

Dependent areas

Independence: 2 March 1956 (from France)

National holiday: Throne Day (accession of King MOHAMMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999)

Constitution
History: several previous; latest drafted 17 June 2011, approved by referendum 1 July 2011
Note: sources disagree on whether the 2011 referendum was for a new constitution or for reforms to the existing constitution
Amendments: proposed by the king, by the prime minister, or by members in either chamber of Parliament; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by both chambers and approval in a referendum; the king can opt to submit self-initiated proposals directly to a referendum

Legal system: mixed legal system of civil law based on French civil law and Islamic (sharia) law; judicial review of legislative acts by Constitutional Court

International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Morocco; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizen
Dual citizenship recognized: yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: King MOHAMMED VI (since 30 July 1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Aziz AKHANNOUCH (since 7 October 2021)
Cabinet: Council of Ministers chosen by the prime minister in consultation with Parliament and appointed by the monarch; the monarch chooses the ministers of Interior, Foreign Affairs, Islamic Affairs, and National Defense Administration
Elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from the majority party following legislative elections

Legislative branch
Description: bicameral Parliament consists of: House of Councilors or Majlis al-Mustacharine (120 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college of local councils, professional organizations, and labor unions; members serve 6-year terms), House of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab (395 seats; 305 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 90 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)
Note: 60 seats reserved for women and 30 seats for those under age 40 in regional multi-seat constituencies, with the seats divided proportionally among the 12 regions by population size of the region
Elections: House of Councillors - last held on 5 October 2021 (next to be held by 31 October 2,027), House of Representatives - last held on 8 September 2021 (next to be held by 30 September 2,026)
Elections results: House of Councillors - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RNI 27, PAM 19, PI 17, MP 12, USFP 8, UGIM 6, CDT 3, PJD 3, UC 2, UMT 2, Amal 1, FDT 1, MDS 1, PRD 1, independent 1; composition - men 106, women 14, percentage women 11.7%, House of Representatives - percent of vote by party NA; seats by party - RNI 102, PAM 87, PI 81, USFP 34, MP 28, PPS 22, UC 18, PJD 13, MDS 5, other 5; composition - men 299, women 96, percentage women 24.3%; total Parliament percentage women 21.4%

Judicial branch
Highest courts: Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of 5-judge panels organized into civil, family matters, commercial, administrative, social, and criminal sections); Constitutional Court (consists of 12 members)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the Superior Council of Judicial Power, a 20-member body presided over by the monarch, which includes the Supreme Court president, the prosecutor general, representatives of the appeals and first instance courts (among them 1 woman magistrate), the president of the National Council for Human Rights (CNDH), and 5 'notable persons' appointed by the monarch; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court members - 6 designated by the monarch and 6 elected by Parliament; court president appointed by the monarch from among the court members; members serve 9-year nonrenewable terms
Subordinate courts: courts of appeal; High Court of Justice; administrative and commercial courts; regional and Sadad courts (for religious, civil and administrative, and penal adjudication); first instance courts

Political parties and leaders: Action Party or PA, Amal (hope) Party, An-Nahj Ad-Dimocrati or An-Nahj or Democratic Way, Authenticity and Modernity Party or PAM, Constitutional Union Party or UC, Democratic and Social Movement or MDS, Democratic Forces Front or FFD, Environment and Sustainable Development Party or PEDD, Federation of the Democratic Left or FGD, Green Left Party or PGV, Istiqlal (Independence) Party or PI, Moroccan Liberal Party or PML, Moroccan Union for Democracy or UMD, National Democratic Party, National Rally of Independents or RNI, Neo-Democrats Party, Party of Development Reform or PRD, Party of Justice and Development or PJD, Party of Liberty and Social Justice or PLJS, Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS, Popular Movement or MP, Renaissance and Virtue Party or PRV, Renaissance Party, Renewal and Equity Party or PRE, Shoura (consultation) and Istiqlal Party, Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP, Unified Socialist Party or GSU, Unity and Democracy Party

International organization participation: ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AIIB, AMF, AMU, AU, CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNSC (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us: chief of mission: Ambassador Youssef AMRANI (since 27 February 2024)
In the us chancery: 3,508 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20,008
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 462-7,979
In the us fax: [1] (202) 265-0161
In the us email address and website: washingtonembmorocco@maec.gov.ma, Embassy of the Kingdom of Morocco in the United States (diplomatie.ma)
In the us consulates general: New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Puneet TALWAR (since 4 October 2023)
From the us embassy: Km 5.7 Avenue Mohammed VI, Souissi, Rabat 10,170
From the us mailing address: 9,400 Rabat Place, Washington DC 20,521-9,400
From the us telephone: [212] 0537-637-200
From the us fax: [212] 0537-637-201
From the us email address and website: [link]
From the us consulates general: Casablanca

Flag description: red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Sulayman's (Solomon's) seal in the center of the flag; red and green are traditional colors in Arab flags, although the use of red is more commonly associated with the Arab states of the Persian Gulf; the pentacle represents the five pillars of Islam and signifies the association between God and the nation; design dates to 1912

National symbols: pentacle symbol, lion; national colors: red, green

National anthem
Name: 'Hymne Cherifien' (Hymn of the Sharif)
Lyrics/music: Ali Squalli HOUSSAINI/Leo MORGAN
Note: music adopted 1956, lyrics adopted 1970

National heritage
Total world heritage sites: 9 (all cultural)
Selected world heritage site locales:


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Economy overview: lower middle-income North African economy; ongoing recovery from recent drought and earthquake; rebounding via tourism, manufacturing, and raw materials processing; significant trade and investment with EU; reform programs include fiscal rebalancing, state enterprise governance and private sector investments

Real gdp purchasing power parity: $337.48 billion (2023 est.); $327.085 billion (2022 est.); $323.02 billion (2021 est.)
Note: data in 2021 dollars

Real gdp growth rate: 3.18% (2023 est.); 1.26% (2022 est.); 8.02% (2021 est.)
Note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real gdp per capita: $8,800 (2023 est.); $8,600 (2022 est.); $8,600 (2021 est.)
Note: data in 2021 dollars

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 61.6% (2023 est.)
Government consumption: 18.7% (2023 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 27% (2023 est.)
Investment in inventories: 1% (2023 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 44% (2023 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -52.3% (2023 est.)
Note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 12% (2023 est.)
Industry: 23.8% (2023 est.)
Services: 53.9% (2023 est.)
Note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Agriculture products: wheat, milk, olives, sugar beets, potatoes, tomatoes, tangerines/mandarins, oranges, apples, onions (2022)
Note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries: automotive parts, phosphate mining and processing, aerospace, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, energy, tourism

Industrial production growth rate: 0.96% (2023 est.)
Note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force: 12.284 million (2023 est.)
Note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate: 9.11% (2023 est.); 9.53% (2022 est.); 10.54% (2021 est.)
Note: % of labor force seeking employment

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15 24 total: 22.6% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 male: 22.5% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 female: 23% (2023 est.)
Rate ages 15 24 note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget
Revenues: $35.356 billion (2022 est.)
Expenditures: $36.939 billion (2022 est.)
Note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Taxes and other revenues: 22.12% (of GDP) (2022 est.)
Note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Public debt: 65.1% of GDP (2017 est.)

Revenue
From forest resources: 0.13% of GDP (2018 est.)
From coal: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)

Fiscal year

Inflation rate consumer prices: 6.09% (2023 est.); 6.66% (2022 est.); 1.4% (2021 est.)
Note: annual % change based on consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance: -$4.775 billion (2022 est.); -$3.349 billion (2021 est.); -$1.368 billion (2020 est.)
Note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Exports: $58.556 billion (2022 est.); $47.09 billion (2021 est.); $37.545 billion (2020 est.)
Note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Partners: Spain 18%, France 17%, India 6%, Italy 5%, Brazil 4% (2022)
Partners note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Commodities: fertilizers, cars, garments, insulated wire, phosphoric acid (2022)
Commodities note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports: $73.783 billion (2022 est.); $60.215 billion (2021 est.); $46.358 billion (2020 est.)
Note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Partners: Spain 18%, France 10%, China 10%, US 6%, Saudi Arabia 6% (2022)
Partners note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Commodities: refined petroleum, wheat, natural gas, coal, vehicle parts/accessories (2022)
Commodities note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $36.328 billion (2023 est.); $32.314 billion (2022 est.); $35.648 billion (2021 est.)
Note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Debt external: $36.29 billion (2022 est.)
Note: present value of external debt in current US dollars

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates:


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Electricity
Access electrification total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Installed generating capacity: 14.237 million kW (2022 est.)
Consumption: 35.278 billion kWh (2022 est.)
Exports: 471 million kWh (2022 est.)
Imports: 1.868 billion kWh (2022 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses: 7.366 billion kWh (2022 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels: 82.1% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Generation sources solar: 3.5% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Generation sources wind: 13% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 1.3% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)
Generation sources biomass and waste: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2022 est.)

Coal
Consumption: 11.94 million metric tons (2022 est.)
Exports: 12.8 metric tons (2022 est.)
Imports: 11.772 million metric tons (2022 est.)
Proven reserves: 96 million metric tons (2022 est.)

Petroleum
Total petroleum production: 25 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Refined petroleum consumption: 318,000 bbl/day (2022 est.)
Crude oil estimated reserves: 684,000 barrels (2021 est.)

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas
Production: 82.595 million m³ (2022 est.)
Consumption: 243.201 million m³ (2022 est.)
Imports: 162.157 million m³ (2022 est.)
Proven reserves: 1.444 billion m³ (2021 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions: 67.688 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)
From coal and metallurgical coke: 27.475 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 39.727 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)
From consumed natural gas: 485,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2022 est.)

Energy consumption per capita: 24.936 million Btu/person (2022 est.)


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Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 2.645 million (2022 est.)
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)
Mobile cellular total subscriptions: 52.959 million (2022 est.)
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 137 (2021 est.)

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures: 4% of GDP (2023 est.); 4.5% of GDP (2022 est.); 4.5% of GDP (2021 est.); 4.5% of GDP (2020 est.); 3.4% of GDP (2019 est.)

Military and security forces: Royal Armed Forces (FAR): Royal Moroccan Army (includes the Moroccan Royal Guard), Royal Moroccan Navy (includes Coast Guard, marines), Royal Moroccan Air Force, Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie; Ministry of Interior: National Police (DGSN), Auxiliary Forces (2024)
Note 1: the Moroccan Royal Guard is officially part of the Royal Moroccan Army, but is under the direct operational control of the Royal Military Household of His Majesty the King; it provides for the security and safety of the King and royal family; it was established in the 11th century and is considered one of the world's oldest active units still in military service
Note 2: the National Police manage internal law enforcement in cities; the Royal Gendarmerie (Administration of National Defense) is responsible for law enforcement in rural regions and on national highways; the Gendarmerie operates mobile and fixed checkpoints along the roads in border areas and at the entrances to major municipalities; it also has a counterterrorism role; the Auxiliary Forces provide support to the Gendarmerie and National Police and includes a Mobile Intervention Corps, a motorized paramilitary security force that supplements the military and the police as needed

Military service age and obligation: 19-25 years of age for 12-month compulsory and voluntary military service for men and women (conscription abolished 2006 and reintroduced in 2019) (2023)

Space program

Terrorist groups: Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)
Note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide


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National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 3 (2020)
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 76
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 8,132,917 (2018)
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 97.71 million (2018) mt-km

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: CN

Airports: 49 (2024)

Heliports: 17 (2024)

Pipelines: 944 km gas, 270 km oil, 175 km refined products (2013)

Railways

Roadways
Total: 57,300 km (2018)

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international

Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees country of origin: 5,250 (Syria) (mid-year 2022)

Illicit drugs: one of the world’s largest cannabis-producing country with Europe as the main market; hashish is smuggled to South America and the Caribbean where it is exchanged for cocaine which is distributed in Europe; MDMA (ecstasy), originating in Belgium and the Netherlands is smuggled into northern Morocco for sale on the domestic market