Map of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

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Background: First settled by the French in the early 17th century, Saint-Pierre and Miquelon are the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions. They attained the status of an overseas collectivity in 2003.


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Location

Geographic coordinates

Map reference

Area
Total: 242 km²
Land: 242 km²
Water: 0 km²
Note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Comparative: 1.5 times the size of Washington, D.C.

Land boundaries
Total: 0 km

Coastline: 120 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Climate: cold and wet, with considerable mist and fog; spring and autumn are often windy

Terrain: mostly barren rock

Elevation
Highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Natural resources

Land use
Agricultural land: 8.7% (2023 est.)
Arable land: 8.7% (2023 est.)
Permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.)
Permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
Forest: 5% (2023 est.)
Other: 86.3% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land: 0 km² (2022)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard

Geography
Note: vegetation scanty; the islands are part of the northern Appalachians, along with Newfoundland


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Population
Total: 5,132 (2024 est.)
Male: 2,476
Female: 2,656
Distribution: most of the population is found on Saint Pierre Island; a small settlement is located on the north end of Miquelon Island
Growth rate: -1.21% (2024 est.)

Nationality

Ethnic groups

Languages: French (official)
Major-language sample(s): ; The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French); The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions: Roman Catholic 99%, other 1%

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years: 13.1% (male 346/female 328)
15-64 years: 61.6% (male 1,559/female 1,600)
65 years and over: 25.3% (2024 est.) (male 571/female 728)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 62.5 (2024 est.)
Youth dependency ratio: 21.3 (2024 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio: 41.1 (2024 est.)
Potential support ratio: 2.4 (2024 est.)

Median age
Total: 51.2 years (2024 est.)
Male: 50.5 years
Female: 51.9 years

Population growth rate: -1.21% (2024 est.)

Birth rate: 6.4 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Death rate: 11.7 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Net migration rate

Population distribution: most of the population is found on Saint Pierre Island; a small settlement is located on the north end of Miquelon Island

Urbanization
Urban population: 90.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 0.75% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas
Population: 6,000 SAINT-PIERRE (capital) (2018)

Environment

Air pollutants

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate
Total: 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male: 9.6 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 5.8 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 81.8 years (2024 est.)
Male: 79.5 years
Female: 84.3 years

Total fertility rate: 1.6 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access
Total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name

Government type

Capital
Name: Saint-Pierre
Geographic coordinates: 46 46 N, 56 11 W
Time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November
Etymology: may be named after Saint Peter, the patron saint of fisherman; alternatively, the name may come from one of the two navigators for whom the island as a whole is named

Administrative divisions: no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US government, but 2 communes are considered second-order: Saint Pierre, Miquelon

Dependent areas

Independence

National holiday

Constitution

Legal system: French civil law

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by Prefect Bruno ANDRE (since September 2023)
Head of government: President of Territorial Council Bernard BRIAND (since 13 October 2020)
Cabinet: Le Cabinet du Préfet
Election/appointment process: French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); prefect appointed by French president on the advice of French Ministry of Interior; Territorial Council president elected by Territorial Council councilors by absolute majority vote; term NA
Most recent election date: 13 October 2020
2020: Bernard BRIAND elected President of Territorial Council; Territorial Council vote - 17 for, 2 abstentions
2017: Stephane LENORMAND elected President of Territorial Council vote - NA

Legislative branch
Legislature name: Territorial Council (Conseil Territorial)
Legislative structure: unicameral
Number of seats: 19 (directly elected)
Electoral system: plurality/majority
Scope of elections: full renewal
Term in office: 6 years
Most recent election date: 3/27/2022
Parties elected and seats per party: AD (15); Focus on the Future (4)
Expected date of next election: March 2,028
Note: 1 senator is indirectly elected to the French Senate by an electoral college for a 6-year term, and 1 deputy is directly elected to the French National Assembly for a 5-year term

Judicial branch

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation

Diplomatic representation

Flag description: a yellow three-masted sailing ship facing the left side rides on a blue background with wavy white lines; a black-over-white wavy line divides the ship from the white wavy lines; on the left side, a vertical band is divided into three heraldic arms: the top (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners and overlaid with a white cross, the middle is white with an ermine pattern, and the bottom is red with two yellow lions outlined in black

National symbols

National anthem
Title: 'La Marseillaise' (The Song of Marseille)
Lyrics/music: Claude-Joseph ROUGET de Lisle
History: official anthem, as a French collectivity

National heritage


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Economy overview

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate

Real gdp per capita

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products

Industries: fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism

Industrial production growth rate

Labor force

Unemployment rate

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports
Commodities: processed crustaceans, shellfish (2023)
Commodities note: top export commodities based on value in dollars over $500,000

Imports
Commodities: refined petroleum, packaged medicine, cars, plastic products, other foods (2023)
Commodities note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates


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Electricity
Installed generating capacity: 26,000 kW (2023 est.)
Consumption: 48.714 million kWh (2023 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses: 2 million kWh (2023 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels: 100% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal

Petroleum
Refined petroleum consumption: 400 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions: 57,000 metric tonnes of CO&sub2; (2023 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 57,000 metric tonnes of CO&sub2; (2023 est.)

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 4,800 (2015 est.)
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 76 (2015 est.)

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet
Users percent of population: 88.7% (2022 est.)

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 2 (2025)

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs