Statistics Kenya 
Kenya in the World
Kenya - Introduction 2016
top of pageBackground: Founding president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence in 1963 until his death in 1978 when President Daniel MOI took power in a constitutional succession. The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from power in elections in 1992 and 1997 which were marred by violence and fraud but were viewed as having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. President MOI stepped down in December 2002 following fair and peaceful elections. Mwai KIBAKI running as the candidate of the multiethnic united opposition group the National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) defeated KANU candidate Uhuru KENYATTA and assumed the presidency following a campaign centered on an anticorruption platform. KIBAKI's NARC coalition splintered in 2005 over a constitutional review process. Government defectors joined with KANU to form a new opposition coalition the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) which defeated the government's draft constitution in a popular referendum in November 2005. KIBAKI's reelection in December 2007 brought charges of vote rigging from ODM candidate Raila ODINGA and unleashed two months of violence in which as many as 1500 people died. African Union-sponsored mediation led by former UN Secretary General Kofi ANNAN in late February 2008 resulted in a power-sharing accord bringing ODINGA into the government in the restored position of prime minister. The power sharing accord included a broad reform agenda the centerpiece of which was constitutional reform. In August 2010 Kenyans overwhelmingly adopted a new constitution in a national referendum. The new constitution introduced additional checks and balances to executive power and significant devolution of power and resources to 47 newly created counties. It also eliminated the position of prime minister following the first presidential election under the new constitution which occurred on 4 March 2013. Uhuru KENYATTA the son of founding president Jomo KENYATTA won the March elections in the first round by a close margin and was sworn into office on 9 April 2013.
Area
Total: 580,367 km²
Land: 569,140 km²
Water: 11,227 km²
Rank: 49
Comparative: five times the size of Ohio; slightly more than twice the size of Nevada
Land boundaries
Total: 3,457 km
Border countries: (5) Ethiopia 867 km; Somalia 684 km; South Sudan 317 km; Tanzania 775 km; Uganda 814 km
Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Terrain: low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west
Elevation
Mean elevation: 762 m
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m: highest point: Mount Kenya 5,199 m
Natural resources: limestone soda ash salt gemstones fluorspar zinc diatomite gypsum wildlife hydropower
Land use
Agricultural land: 48.1%
arable land: 9.8%
permanent crops: 0.9%
permanent pasture: 37.4%
permanent crops: 0.9%
permanent pasture: 37.4%
Forest: 6.1%
Other: 45.8%
Natural hazards: recurring drought; flooding during rainy seasons
Volcanism: limited volcanic activity; the Barrier last erupted in 1921; South Island is the only other historically active volcano
Geography
Note: the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers are found on Mount Kenya Africa's second highest peak; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value
Kenya - People 2016
top of pagePopulation: 46,790,758
Note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy higher infant mortality higher death rates lower population growth rates and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
Rank: 31
Growth rate: 1.81% (2016 est.)
Growth rate rank: 60
Below poverty line: 43.4% (2012 est.)
Ethnic groups: Kikuyu 22% Luhya 14% Luo 13% Kalenjin 12% Kamba 11% Kisii 6% Meru 6% other African 15% non-African (Asian European and Arab) 1%
Religions: Christian 83% (Protestant 47.7% Catholic 23.4% other Christian 11.9%) Muslim 11.2% Traditionalists 1.7% other 1.6% none 2.4% unspecified 0.2% (2009 est.)
Demographic profile:
Kenya has experienced dramatic population growth since the mid-20th century as a result of its high birth rate and its declining mortality rate. More than 40% of Kenyans are under the age of 15 because of sustained high fertility early marriage and childbearing and an unmet need for family planning. Kenya’s persistent rapid population growth strains the labor market social services arable land: and natural resources. Although Kenya in 1967 was the first sub-Saharan country to launch a nationwide family planning program progress in reducing the birth rate has largely stalled since the late 1990s when the government decreased its support for family planning to focus on the HIV epidemic. Government commitment and international technical support spurred Kenyan contraceptive use decreasing the fertility rate (children per woman) from about 8 in the late 1970s to less than 5 children twenty years later but it has plateaued at just over 3 children today.
Kenya is a source of emigrants and a host country for refugees. In the 1960s and 1970s Kenyans pursued higher education in the UK because of colonial ties but as British immigration rules tightened the US the then Soviet Union and Canada became attractive study destinations. Kenya’s stagnant economy and political problems during the 1980s and 1990s led to an outpouring of Kenyan students and professionals seeking permanent opportunities in the West and southern Africa. Nevertheless Kenya’s relative stability since its independence in 1963 has attracted hundreds of thousands of refugees escaping violent conflicts in neighboring countries; Kenya presently shelters nearly 400,000 Somali refugees.
Kenya is a source of emigrants and a host country for refugees. In the 1960s and 1970s Kenyans pursued higher education in the UK because of colonial ties but as British immigration rules tightened the US the then Soviet Union and Canada became attractive study destinations. Kenya’s stagnant economy and political problems during the 1980s and 1990s led to an outpouring of Kenyan students and professionals seeking permanent opportunities in the West and southern Africa. Nevertheless Kenya’s relative stability since its independence in 1963 has attracted hundreds of thousands of refugees escaping violent conflicts in neighboring countries; Kenya presently shelters nearly 400,000 Somali refugees.
Age structure
0-14 years: 40.87%
15-24 years: 18.83%
25-54 years: 33.54%
55-64 years: 3.84%
65 years and over: 2.92% (2016 est.)
Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 80.9%
Youth dependency ratio: 75.8%
Elderly dependency ratio: 5.1%
Potential support ratio: 19.7%
Urbanization
Urban population: 25.6% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 4.34% annual rate of change
Environment
Current issues: water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching
International agreements party to: Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea Marine Dumping Marine Life Conservation Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution Wetlands Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Sex ratio
At birth: 1.02 male/female
0-14 years: 1.01 male/female
15-24 years: 1 male/female
25-54 years: 1.02 male/female
55-64 years: 0.84 male/female
65 years and over: 0.77 male/female
Total population: 1 male/female
Infant mortality rate
Total: 38.3 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 42.7 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 33.7 deaths/1000 live births
Rank: 50
Drinking water source:
urban: 81.6% of population
rural: 56.8% of population
total: 63.2% of population
urban: 18.4% of population
rural: 43.2% of population
total: 36.8% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 56.8% of population
total: 63.2% of population
urban: 18.4% of population
rural: 43.2% of population
total: 36.8% of population (2015 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
urban: 31.2% of population
rural: 29.7% of population
total: 30.1% of population
urban: 68.8% of population
rural: 70.3% of population
total: 69.9% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 29.7% of population
total: 30.1% of population
urban: 68.8% of population
rural: 70.3% of population
total: 69.9% of population (2015 est.)
Hivaids
Adult prevalence rate: 5.91% (2015 est.)
Adult prevalence rate rank: 13
People living with hivaids: 1,517,700 (2015 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 8
Deaths: 35,800 (2015 est.)
Deaths rank: 9
Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: very high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea hepatitis A and typhoid fever
Vectorborne disease: malaria dengue fever and Rift Valley fever
Water contact disease: schistosomiasis
Animal contact disease: rabies
Kenya - Government 2016
top of pageCountry name
Conventional long form: Republic of Kenya
Conventional short form: Kenya
Local long form: Republic of Kenya/Jamhuri ya Kenya
Local short form: Kenya
Former: British East Africa
Etymolgy: named for Mount Kenya; the meaning of the name is unclear but may derive from the Kikuyu Embu and Kamba words 'kirinyaga' 'kirenyaa' and 'kiinyaa' - all of which mean 'God's resting place'
Administrative divisions: 47 counties; Baringo Bomet Bungoma Busia Elgeyo/Marakwet Embu Garissa Homa Bay Isiolo Kajiado Kakamega Kericho Kiambu Kilifi Kirinyaga Kisii Kisumu Kitui Kwale Laikipia Lamu Machakos Makueni Mandera Marsabit Meru Migori Mombasa Murang'a Nairobi City Nakuru Nandi Narok Nyamira Nyandarua Nyeri Samburu Siaya Taita/Taveta Tana River Tharaka-Nithi Trans Nzoia Turkana Uasin Gishu Vihiga Wajir West Pokot
National holiday: Independence Day 12 December (1963); Madaraka Day 1 June (1963); Mashujaa Day (or Heroes' Day) 20 October (2010)
Constitution: previous 1963 1969; latest drafted 6 May 2010 passed by referendum 4 August 2010 promulgated 27 August 2010 (2016)
Legal system: mixed legal system of English common law Islamic law and customary law; judicial review in a new Supreme Court established pursuant to the new constitution
International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kenya
Dual citizenship recognized: yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 4 out of the previous 7 years
Executive branch
Chief of state: President Uhuru KENYATTA ; Deputy President William RUTO (since 9 April 2013); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
Head of government: President Uhuru KENYATTA ; Deputy President William RUTO (since 9 April 2013); note - position of the prime minister abolished after the March 2013 elections
Cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president subject to confirmation by the Natioal Assembly
Electionsappointments: president and deputy president directly elected on the same ballot by qualified majority popular vote for a 5-year term ; in addition to receiving an absolute majority popular vote the presidential candidate must also win at least 25% of the votes cast in each of more than half of the 47 counties to avoid a runoff; election last held on 4 March 2013 (next to be held in 2017)
Election results: Uhuru KENYATTA elected president in first round; percent of vote - Uhuru KENYATTA 50.1% Raila ODINGA (ODM) 43.7% Musalia MUDAVADI (UDF) 4.0% other 2.2%
Legislative branch
Description: bicameral parliament consists of the Senate and the National Assembly (349 seats; 290 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote 47 women in single-seat constituencies elected by simple majority vote and 12 members nominated by the National Assembly - 6 representing youth and 6 representing the disabled; members serve 5-year terms)
Elections: last held on 4 March 2013
Election results: Senate - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Alliance 30 ; CORD Coalition 28 (ODM 17 FORD-K 5 WDM-K 5 other 1); Amani Coalition 6 (KANU 3 UDF 3) APK 3; National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - NA; seats by party/coalition - Jubilee Alliance 167 (TNA 89 URP 75 NARC 3) CORD Coalition 141 (ODM 96 WDM-K 26 FORD-K 10 other 9) Amani Coalition 24 (UDF 12 KANU 6 NFK 6) Eagle Coalition 2 (KNC 2) APK 5 FORD-P 4 independent 4 other 2
Judicial branch
Highest court: Supreme Court
Judge selection and term of office: chief and deputy chief justices nominated by Judicial Service Commission and appointed by president with approval of the National Assembly; other judges nominated by the JSC and appointed by president; chief justice serves a nonrenewable 10-year term or till age 70 whichever comes first; other judges serve till age 70
Subordinate courts: High Court; Court of Appeal; military courts; magistrates' courts; religious courts
Political parties and leaders:
National Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Charity NGILU]
New Ford Kenya or NFK [Eugene WAMALWA]
Orange Democratic Movement Party of Kenya or ODM [Raila ODINGA]
The National Alliance or TNA [Uhuru KENYATTA]
United Republican Party or URP [William RUTO]
Wiper Democratic Movement-K or WDM-K (formerly Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya or ODM-K) [Kalonzo MUSYOKA]
New Ford Kenya or NFK [Eugene WAMALWA]
Orange Democratic Movement Party of Kenya or ODM [Raila ODINGA]
The National Alliance or TNA [Uhuru KENYATTA]
United Republican Party or URP [William RUTO]
Wiper Democratic Movement-K or WDM-K (formerly Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya or ODM-K) [Kalonzo MUSYOKA]
International organization participation: ACP AfDB AU C CD COMESA EAC EADB FAO G-15 G-77 IAEA IBRD ICAO ICCt ICRM IDA IFAD IFC IFRCS IGAD ILO IMF IMO IMSO Interpol IOC IOM IPU ISO ITSO ITU ITUC (NGOs) MIGA MINUSMA MONUSCO NAM OPCW PCA UN UNAMID UNCTAD UNESCO UNHCR UNIDO UNIFIL UNMIL UNMISS UNWTO UPU WCO WHO WMO WTO
Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Robinson GITHAE
In the us chancery: 2,249 R Street NW Washington DC 20,008
In the us telephone: [1] 387-6,101
In the us FAX: [1] 462-3,829
In the us consulate general: Los Angeles
In the us consulate: New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Robert F. GODEC
From the us embassy: United Nations Avenue Nairobi; P.O. Box 606 Village Market Nairobi 00621
From the us mailing address: American Embassy Nairobi U.S. Department of State Washington DC 20,521-8,900
From the us telephone: [254] 363-6,000
From the us FAX: [254] 363-6,157
Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of black (top) red and green; the red band is edged in white; a large Maasai warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center; black symbolizes the majority population red the blood shed in the struggle for freedom green stands for natural wealth and white for peace; the shield and crossed spears symbolize the defense of freedom
National anthem
Name: 'Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu'
Lyrics and music: Graham HYSLOP Thomas KALUME Peter KIBUKOSYA Washington OMONDI and George W. SENOGA-ZAKE/traditional adapted by Graham HYSLOP Thomas KALUME Peter KIBUKOSYA Washington OMONDI and George W. SENOGA-ZAKE
Note: adopted 1963; based on a traditional Kenyan folk song
Kenya - Economy 2016
top of pageEconomy overview:
Kenya is the economic and transport hub of East Africa. Kenya’s real GDP growth has averaged over 5% for the last seven years. Since 2014 Kenya has been ranked as a lower middle income country because its per capita GDP crossed a World Bank threshold. While Kenya has a growing entrepreneurial middle class and faster growth its economic and development trajectory is threatened by weak governance and corruption. Unemployment and under-employment are high but reliable numbers are hard to find.
Agriculture remains the backbone of the Kenyan economy contributing 25% of GDP. About 80% of Kenya’s population of roughly 42 million work at least part-time in the agricultural sector including livestock and pastoral activities. Over 75% of agricultural output is from small-scale rain-fed farming or livestock production.
Inadequate infrastructure continues to hamper Kenya’s efforts to improve its economic growth to the 8-10% range so that it can meaningfully address poverty and unemployment. The KENYATTA administration sought external investment in infrastructure development. International financial institutions and donors remain important to Kenya's economic growth and development but Kenya has also successfully raised capital in the global bond market. Kenya issued its first sovereign bond offering in mid-2014. Nairobi has contracted with a Chinese company to construct a new standard gauge railway connecting Mombasa and Nairobi with completion expected in 2017. The country is in the process of devolving some state revenues and responsibilities to the counties. Inflationary pressures and sharp currency depreciation peaked in early 2012 but have since abated following low global food and fuel prices and monetary interventions by the Central Bank. Chronic budget deficits including a shortage of funds in mid-2015 hampered the government’s ability to implement proposed development programs but the economy is back in balance with many indicators including foreign exchange reserves interest rates inflation and FDI moving in the right direction.
Tourism holds a significant place in Kenya’s economy. Multiple terror attacks by the Somalia-based group al-Shabaab in the time since the 2013 attack on Nairobi’s Westgate mall which killed at least 67 had a negative effect on international tourism earnings but the sector is starting to recover. Kenya’s success in hosting a series of incident-free high-profile events in the second half of 2015 including the visit of US President Obama has helped improve the outlook for tourism.
Agriculture remains the backbone of the Kenyan economy contributing 25% of GDP. About 80% of Kenya’s population of roughly 42 million work at least part-time in the agricultural sector including livestock and pastoral activities. Over 75% of agricultural output is from small-scale rain-fed farming or livestock production.
Inadequate infrastructure continues to hamper Kenya’s efforts to improve its economic growth to the 8-10% range so that it can meaningfully address poverty and unemployment. The KENYATTA administration sought external investment in infrastructure development. International financial institutions and donors remain important to Kenya's economic growth and development but Kenya has also successfully raised capital in the global bond market. Kenya issued its first sovereign bond offering in mid-2014. Nairobi has contracted with a Chinese company to construct a new standard gauge railway connecting Mombasa and Nairobi with completion expected in 2017. The country is in the process of devolving some state revenues and responsibilities to the counties. Inflationary pressures and sharp currency depreciation peaked in early 2012 but have since abated following low global food and fuel prices and monetary interventions by the Central Bank. Chronic budget deficits including a shortage of funds in mid-2015 hampered the government’s ability to implement proposed development programs but the economy is back in balance with many indicators including foreign exchange reserves interest rates inflation and FDI moving in the right direction.
Tourism holds a significant place in Kenya’s economy. Multiple terror attacks by the Somalia-based group al-Shabaab in the time since the 2013 attack on Nairobi’s Westgate mall which killed at least 67 had a negative effect on international tourism earnings but the sector is starting to recover. Kenya’s success in hosting a series of incident-free high-profile events in the second half of 2015 including the visit of US President Obama has helped improve the outlook for tourism.
Real gdp purchasing power parity:
$141.6 billion (2015 est.)
$134.3 billion (2014 est.)
$127.6 billion (2013 est.)
$134.3 billion (2014 est.)
$127.6 billion (2013 est.)
Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 75
Real gdp per capita:
$3,200 (2015 est.)
$3,100 (2014 est.)
$3,100 (2013 est.)
$3,100 (2014 est.)
$3,100 (2013 est.)
Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 187
Gross national saving:
14.8% of GDP (2015 est.)
12.2% of GDP (2014 est.)
11.3% of GDP (2013 est.)
12.2% of GDP (2014 est.)
11.3% of GDP (2013 est.)
Rank: 137
Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 79.3%
Government consumption: 14.5%
Investment in fixed capital: 21.5%
Investment in inventories: -2.1%
Exports of goods and services: 15.8%
Imports of goods and services: -29%
Agriculture products: tea coffee corn wheat sugarcane fruit vegetables; dairy products beef fish pork poultry eggs
Industries: small-scale consumer goods (plastic furniture batteries textiles clothing soap cigarettes flour) agricultural products horticulture oil refining; aluminum steel lead; cement commercial ship repair tourism
Labor force: 18.07 million (2015 est.)
Rank: 34
By occupation agriculture: 75%
By occupation industry and services: 25%
Budget
Revenues: $10.76 billion
Expenditures: $14.78 billion
Surplus or deficit: -6.5% of GDP (2015 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 185
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
16.09% (31 December 2015 est.)
16.51% (31 December 2014 est.)
16.51% (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 31
Stock of narrow money:
$9.927 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$10.34 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$10.34 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 80
Stock of broad money:
$24.02 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$18.92 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$18.92 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
Rank: 83
Stock of domestic credit:
$27.5 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$26.37 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$26.37 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 81
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$26.16 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$22.09 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$14.79 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
$22.09 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
$14.79 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
Rank: 62
Exports:
$5.982 billion (2015 est.)
$6.174 billion (2014 est.)
$6.174 billion (2014 est.)
Rank: 104
Commodities: tea horticultural products coffee petroleum products fish cement
Partners: Uganda 11.2% US 8.3% Tanzania 8.1% Netherlands 7.4% UK 6% Pakistan 4.2% (2015)
Imports:
$15.56 billion (2015 est.)
$17.61 billion (2014 est.)
$17.61 billion (2014 est.)
Rank: 83
Commodities: machinery and transportation equipment petroleum products motor vehicles iron and steel resins and plastics
Partners: China 30% India 15.5% UAE 5.7% US 4.8% Japan 4.7% (2015)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$7.548 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$7.911 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$7.911 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 81
Stock of direct foreign investment at home:
$4.662 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$3.902 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$3.902 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 100
Exchange rates:
Kenyan shillings (KES) per US dollar -
98.179 (2015 est.)
87.923 (2014 est.)
87.921 (2013 est.)
84.53 (2012 est.)
88.811 (2011 est.)
98.179 (2015 est.)
87.923 (2014 est.)
87.921 (2013 est.)
84.53 (2012 est.)
88.811 (2011 est.)
Kenya - Energy 2016
top of pageElectricity
Access population without electricity: 35,400,000
Access electrification total population: 20%
Access electrification urban areas: 60%
Access electrification rural areas: 7%
Production: 9.2 billion kWh (2014 est.)
Production rank: 102
Consumption: 7.6 billion kWh (2014 est.)
Consumption rank: 107
Exports: 38 million kWh (2014 est.)
Exports rank: 86
Imports: 79 million kWh (2014 est.)
Imports rank: 104
Installed generating capacity: 2.281 million kW (2015 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 102
Generation sources fossil fuels: 42.4% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 163
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 118
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 43.9% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 54
Generation sources other renewable sources: 13.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 23
Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 151
Crude oil exports: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 144
Crude oil imports: 11,270 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 70
Crude oil proven reserves: 0 bbl (1 January 2016 es)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 150
Refined petroleum
Products production: 12,610 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products production rank: 93
Products consumption: 92,000 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products consumption rank: 82
Products exports: 575.3 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products exports rank: 111
Products imports: 82,950 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products imports rank: 68
Natural gas
Production: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Production rank: 205
Consumption: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Consumption rank: 158
Exports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 125
Imports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 87
Proven reserves: 0 m³ (1 January 2014 es)
Proven reserves rank: 154
Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 13 million Mt (2013 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 93
Kenya - Communication 2016
top of pageTelephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 85,496
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1
Fixed lines rank: 129
Mobile cellular total: 37.716 million
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 82
Mobile cellular rank: 35
Telephone system
General assessment: the mobile-cellular system is generally good especially is urban areas; fixed-line telephone system is small and inefficient; trunks are primarily microwave radio relay; business data commonly transferred by a very small aperture terminal system
Domestic: sole fixed-line provider Telkom Kenya privatized and as of 2013 is 70% owned by France Telecom; multiple providers in the mobile-cellular segment of the market fostering a boom in mobile-cellular telephone usage with teledensity reaching 80 per 100 persons in 2015
International: country code - 254; landing point for the EASSy TEAMS and SEACOM fiber-optic submarine cable systems; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat
Broadcast media: about a half-dozen large-scale privately owned media companies with TV and radio stations as well as a state-owned TV broadcaster provide service nationwide; satellite and cable TV subscription services available; state-owned radio broadcaster operates 2 national radio channels and provides regional and local radio services in multiple languages; many private radio stations broadcast on a national level along with over 100 private and non-profit provincial stations broadcasting in local languages; transmissions of several international broadcasters available (2014)
Internet
Country code: .ke
Users total: 20.952 million
Users percent of population: 45.6%
Users rank: 33
Kenya - Military 2016
top of pageMilitary service age and obligation: 18-26 years of age for male and female voluntary service (under 18 with parental consent) with a 9-year obligation (7 years for Kenyan Navy); applicants must be Kenyan citizens and provide a national identity card (obtained at age 18) and a school-leaving certificate; women serve under the same terms and conditions as men; mandatory retirement at age 55 (2012)
Kenya - Transportation 2016
top of pageNational air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 16
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 106
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 4,874,590
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 286,414,683 mt-km
Airports: 197 (2013)
Rank: 28
With paved runways total: 16
With paved runways over 3047 m: 5
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 2
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 2
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 6
With paved runways under 914 m: 1
With unpaved runways total: 181
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 14
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 107
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 60
Roadways
Total: 160,878 km
Paved: 11,189 km
Unpaved: 149,689 km
Note: includes 99 km of urban and other roads
Rank: 30
Waterways: none specifically; the only significant inland waterway is the part of Lake Victoria within the boundaries of Kenya; Kisumu is the main port and has ferry connections to Uganda and Tanzania (2011)
Kenya - Transnational issues 2016
top of pageDisputes international: Kenya served as an important mediator in brokering Sudan's north-south separation in February 2005; Kenya provides shelter to an estimated 580,000 refugees including Ugandans who flee across the border periodically to seek protection from Lord's Resistance Army rebels; Kenya works hard to prevent the clan and militia fighting in Somalia from spreading across the border which has long been open to nomadic pastoralists; the boundary that separates Kenya's and Sudan's sovereignty is unclear in the 'Ilemi Triangle' which Kenya has administered since colonial times
Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees: 334,197 (Somalia); 87,912 (South Sudan) (refugees and asylum seekers); 27,485 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); 21,537 (Ethiopia) (2016)
IDPs: 309,000
Stateless persons: 20,000 ; note - the stateless population consists of Nubians Kenyan Somalis and coastal Arabs; the Nubians are descendants of Sudanese soldiers recruited by the British to fight for them in East Africa more than a century ago; Nubians did not receive Kenyan citizenship when the country became independent in 1963; only recently have Nubians become a formally recognized tribe and had less trouble obtaining national IDs; Galjeel and other Somalis who have lived in Kenya for decades are included with more recent Somali refugees and denied ID cards
Illicit drugs: widespread harvesting of small plots of marijuana; transit country for South Asian heroin destined for Europe and North America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa; significant potential for money-laundering activity given the country's status as a regional financial center; massive corruption and relatively high levels of narcotics-associated activities
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