arable land: 8.3%
permanent crops: 0.5%
permanent pasture: 91.23%

More than a decade after the end of Angola’s 27-year civil war the country still faces a variety of socioeconomic problems including poverty high maternal and child mortality and illiteracy. Despite the country’s rapid post-war economic growth based on oil production more than 40 percent of Angolans live below the poverty line and unemployment is widespread especially among the large young-adult population. Only about 70% of the population is literate and the rate drops to around 60% for women. The youthful population – about 45% are under the age of 15 – is expected to continue growing rapidly with a fertility rate of more 5 children per woman and a low rate of contraceptive use. Fewer than half of women deliver their babies with the assistance of trained health care personnel which contributes to Angola’s high maternal mortality rate.
Of the estimated 550,000 Angolans who fled their homeland during its civil war most have returned home since 2002. In 2012 the UN assessed that conditions in Angola had been stable for several years and invoked a cessation of refugee status for Angolans. Following the cessation clause some of those still in exile returned home voluntarily through UN repatriation programs and others integrated into host countries.

urban: 75.4% of population
rural: 28.2% of population
total: 49% of population
urban: 24.6% of population
rural: 71.8% of population
total: 51% of population (2015 est.)

urban: 88.6% of population
rural: 22.5% of population
total: 51.6% of population
urban: 11.4% of population
rural: 77.5% of population
total: 48.4% of population (2015 est.)

Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Abel CHIVUKUVUKU]
National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA; note - party has two factions; one led by Lucas NGONDA; the other by Ngola KABANGU
National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party)
Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] (ruling party in power since 1975)
Social Renewal Party or PRS [Benedito DANIEL]

Angola's economy is overwhelmingly driven by its oil sector. Oil production and its supporting activities contribute about 50% of GDP more than 70% of government revenue and more than 90% of the country's exports. Diamonds contribute an additional 5% to exports. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for most of the people but half of the country's food is still imported.
Increased oil production supported growth averaging more than 17% per year from 2004 to 2008. A postwar reconstruction boom and resettlement of displaced persons has led to high rates of growth in construction and agriculture as well. Some of the country's infrastructure is still damaged or undeveloped from the 27-year-long civil war. However the government since 2005 has used billions of dollars in credit from China Brazil Portugal Germany Spain and the EU to help rebuild Angola's public infrastructure. Land mines left from the war still mar the countryside and as a result the national military international partners and private Angolan firms all continue to remove them.
The global recession that started in 2008 stalled Angola’s economic growth. In particular lower prices for oil and diamonds slowed GDP growth to 2.4% in 2009 and many construction projects stopped because Luanda accrued $9 billion in arrears to foreign construction companies when government revenue fell. Angola formally abandoned its currency peg in 2009 and in November 2009 signed onto an IMF Stand-By Arrangement loan of $1.4 billion to rebuild international reserves. Consumer inflation declined from 325% in 2000 to less than 9% in 2014 before rising again in 2015-16.
Falling oil prices the depreciation of the kwanza and slower than expected growth in non-oil GDP have reduced growth prospects. Corruption especially in the extractive sectors is a major long-term challenge that poses an additional threat to the economy. Government spending in the run-up to the 2017 elections is likely to strain Luanda’s budget.

$186 billion (2016 est.)
$184.9 billion (2015 est.)
$177.5 billion (2014 est.)

-0.7% (2016 est.)
3% (2015 est.)
4.8% (2014 est.)

$6,800 (2016 est.)
$7,000 (2015 est.)
$7,000 (2014 est.)

3.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
-0.4% of GDP (2015 est.)
12.4% of GDP (2014 est.)

77.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
64.2% of GDP (2015 est.)

32.4% (2016 est.)
10.3% (2015 est.)

9% (31 December 2014)
25% (31 December 2010)

15.71% (31 December 2016 est.)
16.88% (31 December 2015 est.)

$23.17 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$25.27 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

$39.28 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$42.15 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

$14.25 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$17.18 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

$-4.904 billion (2016 est.)
$-10.27 billion (2015 est.)

$31.03 billion (2016 est.)
$33.18 billion (2015 est.)

$19.25 billion (2016 est.)
$20.69 billion (2015 est.)

$23.74 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$23.79 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

$27.14 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$27.99 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

$9.16 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$3.126 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

$23.02 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$22.4 billion (31 December 2015 est.)

kwanza (AOA) per US dollar -
172 (2016 est.)
120.06 (2015 est.)
120.06 (2014 est.)
98.3 (2013 est.)
95.47 (2012 est.)

2.95% of GDP (2016)
3.52% of GDP (2015)
5.4% of GDP (2014)
4.88% of GDP (2013)
3.59% of GDP (2012)