Background: Lithuanian lands were united under MINDAUGAS in 1236; over the next century, through alliances and conquest, Lithuania extended its territory to include most of present-day Belarus and Ukraine. By the end of the 14th century Lithuania was the largest state in Europe. An alliance with Poland in 1386 led the two countries into a union through the person of a common ruler. In 1569, Lithuania and Poland formally united into a single dual state, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This entity survived until 1795 when its remnants were partitioned by surrounding countries. Lithuania regained its independence following World War I but was annexed by the USSR in 1940 - an action never recognized by the US and many other countries. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but Moscow did not recognize this proclamation until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently restructured its economy for integration into Western European institutions; it joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004. In 2015, Lithuania joined the euro zone, and it will join the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in 2018.

Geographic coordinates: 56 00 N, 24 00 E

Map reference: Europe

Area
Total: 65,300 km²
Land: 62,680 km²
Water: 2,620 km²
Rank: 124
Comparative: slightly larger than West Virginia

Land boundaries
Total: 1549 km
Border countries: (3) Belarus 640 km; , Latvia 544 km; , Poland 104 km; , Russia (Kaliningrad) 261 km

Coastline: 90 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Climate: transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers

Terrain: lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil

Elevation
Mean elevation: 110 m
Elevation extremes: 0 m
Note: lowest point: Baltic Sea

Natural resources: peat, arable land, amber

Land use
Agricultural land: 44.8% (2011 est.)
Forest: 34.6% (2011 est.)
Other: 20.6% (2011 est.)

Irrigated land: 44 km² (2012)

Natural hazards: occasional floods, droughts

Geography
Note: fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits

Population
Distribution: fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda: 2,793,284 (July 2018 est.)
Rank: 141
Growth rate: -1.1% (2018 est.)
Growth rate rank: 228
Below poverty line: 22.2% (2015 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Lithuanian(s)
Adjective: Lithuanian

Ethnic groups: Lithuanian 84.1%, Polish 6.6%, Russian 5.8%, Belarusian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 1.2% (2011 est.)

Languages: Lithuanian (official) 82%, Russian 8%, Polish 5.6%, other 0.9%, unspecified 3.5% (2011 est.)

Religions: Roman Catholic 77.2%, Russian Orthodox 4.1%, Old Believer 0.8%, Evangelical Lutheran 0.6%, Evangelical Reformist 0.2%, other (including Sunni Muslim, Jewish, Greek Catholic, and Karaite) 0.8%, none 6.1%, unspecified 10.1% (2011 est.)

Age structure
0-14 years: 15.11% (male 216,519 /female 205,624)
15-24 years: 10.7% (male 154,708 /female 144,244)
25-54 years: 39.72% (male 548,586 /female 561,007)
55-64 years: 14.55% (male 180,294 /female 226,250)
65 years and over: 19.91% (male 188,269 /female 367,783) (2018 est.)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 49.9 (2015 est.)
Youth dependency ratio: 21.9 (2015 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio: 28 (2015 est.)
Potential support ratio: 3.6 (2015 est.)

Median age
Total: 44 years
Male: 39.8 years
Female: 47.4 years (2018 est.)
Rank: 15

Population growth rate: -1.1% (2018 est.)
Rank: 228

Birth rate: 9.8 births/1000 population (2018 est.)
Rank: 195

Death rate: 14.8 deaths/1000 population (2018 est.)
Rank: 3

Net migration rate: -6.1 migrant(s)/1000 population (2017 est.)
Rank: 199

Population distribution: fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda

Urbanization
Urban population: 67.7% of total population
Note: (2015-20 est.)
Rate of urbanization: -0.31% annual rate of change

Major urban areas
Population: 536,000 VILNIUS (capital) (2018)

Environment
Current issues: water pollution; air pollution; deforestation; threatened animal and plant species; chemicals and waste materials released into the environment contaminate soil and groundwater; soil degradation and erosion
International agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.06 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
55-64 years: 0.79 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
Total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2017 est.)

Mothers mean age at first birth: 27 years (2014 est.)

Infant mortality rate
Total: 3.8 deaths/1000 live births (2018 est.)
Male: 4.2 deaths/1000 live births (2018 est.)
Female: 3.3 deaths/1000 live births (2018 est.)
Rank: 193

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 75.2 years (2018 est.)
Male: 69.9 years (2018 est.)
Female: 80.8 years (2018 est.)
Rank: 110

Total fertility rate: 1.6 children born/woman (2018 est.)
Rank: 183

Drinking water source
Urban: 0.3% of population
Rural: 9.6% of population
Total: 3.4% of population (2015 est.)

Physicians density: 4.38 physicians/1000 population (2015)

Hospital bed density: 7.3 beds/1000 population (2013)

Sanitation facility access
Urban: 2.8% of population (2015 est.)
Rural: 17.2% of population (2015 est.)
Total: 7.6% of population (2015 est.)

Hivaids
Adult prevalence rate: 0.2% (2017 est.)
Adult prevalence rate rank: 99
People living with hivaids: 2,800 (2017 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 126
Deaths note: <100 (2017 est.)

Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: intermediate (2016)
Vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis (2016)

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 26.3% (2016)
Rank: 43

Education expenditures: 4.5% of GDP (2014)
Rank: 95

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
Total population: 99.8% (2015 est.)
Male: 99.8% (2015 est.)
Female: 99.8% (2015 est.)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 17 years (2014)
Male: 16 years (2014)
Female: 17 years (2014)

Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Lithuania
Conventional short form: Lithuania
Local long form: Lietuvos Respublika
Local short form: Lietuva
Former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
Etymology: meaning of the name Lietuva remains unclear; it may derive from the Lietava, a stream in east central Lithuania

Government type: semi-presidential republic

Capital
Name: Vilnius
Geographic coordinates: 54 41 N, 25 19 E
Time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Administrative divisions: 60 municipalities (savivaldybe, singular - savivaldybe); Akmene, Alytaus Miestas, Alytus, Anksciai, Birstono, Birzai, Druskininkai, Elektrenai, Ignalina, Jonava, Joniskis, Jurbarkas, Kaisiadorys, Kalvarijos, Kauno Miestas, Kaunas, Kazlu Rudos, Kedainiai, Kelme, Klaipedos Miestas, Klaipeda, Kretinga, Kupiskis, Lazdijai, Marijampole, Mazeikiai, Moletai, Neringa, Pagegiai, Pakruojis, Palangos Miestas, Panevezio Miestas, Panevezys, Pasvalys, Plunge, Prienai, Radviliskis, Raseiniai, Rietavo, Rokiskis, Sakiai, Salcininkai, Siauliu Miestas, Siauliai, Silale, Silute, Sirvintos, Skuodas, Svencionys, Taurage, Telsiai, Trakai, Ukmerge, Utena, Varena, Vilkaviskis, Vilniaus Miestas, Vilnius, Visaginas, Zarasai

Independence: 11 March 1990 (declared independence from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created); 16 February 1918 (independence from Soviet Russia)

National holiday: Independence Day (or National Day), 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 was the date Lithuania established its statehood and its concomitant independence from Soviet Russia and Germany; 11 March 1990 was the date it declared the restoration of Lithuanian statehood and its concomitant independence from the Soviet Union

Constitution
History: several previous; latest adopted by referendum 25 October 1992, entered into force 2 November 1992 (2016)
Amendments: proposed by at least one-fourth of all Parliament members or by petition of at least 300,000 voters; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Parliament in each of two readings three months apart and a presidential signature; amendments to constitutional articles on national sovereignty and constitutional amendment procedure also require three-fourths voter approval in a referendum; amended 1996, 2003, 2006 (2016)

Legal system: civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the Constitutional Court

International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Lithuania
Dual citizenship recognized: no
Residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE (since 12 July 2009)
Head of government: Prime Minister Saulius SKVERNELIS (since 13 December 2016)
Cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by the president, and approved by Parliament
Electionsappointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 and 25 May 2014 (next to be held in May 2019); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by Parliament
Election results: Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE reelected president in second round; percent of vote - Dalia GRYBAUSKAITE (independent) 57.9%, Zigmantas BALCYTIS (LSDP) 40.1%, invalid 2%; Saulius SKVERNELIS (LVZS) approved as prime minister by Parliament vote - 90 to 4

Legislative branch
Description: unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats; 71 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote and 70 directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)
Elections: last held on 9 and 23 October 2016 (next to be held in October 2020)
Election results: percent of vote by party - TS-LKD 22.6%, LVLS 22.5%, LSDP 15%, LS 9.5%, LCP-LPP 6.3%, LLRA 5.7%, TT 5.6%, DP 4.9%, LZP 2%, Lithuanian List 1.8%, other 4.1%; seats by party - LVLS 54, TS-LKD 31, LSDP 17, LS 14, LLRA 8, TT 8, DP 2, LCP-LPP 1, LZP 1, Lithuanian List 1, independent 4; composition - men 111, women 30, percent of women 21.3%

Judicial branch
Highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of 37 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the president and appointed by the Seimas; judges serve 5-year renewable terms; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Seimas from nominations - three each by the president of the republic, by the Seimas chairperson, and by the Supreme Court president; judges serve 9-year, nonrenewable terms; one-third of membership reconstituted every 3 years
Subordinate courts: Court of Appeals; district and local courts

Political parties and leaders: Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASEVSKI]Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD [Gabrielius LANDSBERGIS]Labor Party or DP [Viktor USPASKICH]Liberal Movement or LS or LRLS (Eugenijus GENTVILAS)Lithuanian Center Party or LCP [Naglis PUTEIKIS]Lithuanian Green Party or LZP [Linas BALSYS]Lithuanian People's Party or LPP [Rolandas PAULAUSKAS]Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSDP [Gintautas PALUCKAS]Lithuanian Social Democratic Labor Party [Gediminas KIRKILAS]Order and Justice Party or TT [Remigijus ZEMAITAITIS]Farmers and Greens Union or LVZS [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS]Way of Courage or DK [Jonas VARKALA]

International organization participation: Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Rolandas KRISCIUNAS (since 17 September 2015)
In the us chancery: 2,622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20,009
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 234-5,860
In the us FAX: [1] (202) 328-0466
In the us consulate: Chicago, Los Angeles, New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Anne HALL (since 7 October 2016)
From the us embassy: Akmenu gatve 6, Vilnius, LT-3,106
From the us mailing address: American Embassy, Akmenu Gatve 6, Vilnius LT-3,106
From the us telephone: [370] (5) 266-5,500
From the us FAX: [370] (5) 266-5,510

Flag description: three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red; yellow symbolizes golden fields, as well as the sun, light, and goodness; green represents the forests of the countryside, in addition to nature, freedom, and hope; red stands for courage and the blood spilled in defense of the homeland

National symbols: mounted knight known as Vytis (the Chaser), white stork; national colors: yellow, green, red

National anthem
Name: Tautiska giesme (The National Song)
Lyricsmusic: Vincas KUDIRKA: note: adopted 1918, restored 1990; written in 1898 while Lithuania was a part of Russia; banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990

Economy overview: After the country declared independence from the Soviet Union in 1990, Lithuania faced an initial dislocation that is typical during transitions from a planned economy to a free-market economy. Macroeconomic stabilization policies, including privatization of most state-owned enterprises, and a strong commitment to a currency board arrangement led to an open and rapidly growing economy and rising consumer demand. Foreign investment and EU funding aided in the transition. Lithuania joined the WTO in May 2001, the EU in May 2004, and the euro zone in January 2015, and is now working to complete the OECD accession roadmap it received in July 2015. In 2017, joined the OECD Working Group on Bribery, an important step in the OECD accession process.The Lithuanian economy was severely hit by the 2008-09 global financial crisis, but it has rebounded and become one of the fastest growing in the EU. Increases in exports, investment, and wage growth that supported consumption helped the economy grow by 3.6% in 2017. In 2015, Russia was Lithuania’s largest trading partner, followed by Poland, Germany, and Latvia; goods and services trade between the US and Lithuania totaled $2.2 billion. Lithuania opened a self-financed liquefied natural gas terminal in January 2015, providing the first non-Russian supply of natural gas to the Baltic States and reducing Lithuania’s dependence on Russian gas from 100% to approximately 30% in 2016.Lithuania’s ongoing recovery hinges on improving the business environment, especially by liberalizing labor laws, and improving competitiveness and export growth, the latter hampered by economic slowdowns in the EU and Russia. In addition, a steady outflow of young and highly educated people is causing a shortage of skilled labor, which, combined with a rapidly aging population, could stress public finances and constrain long-term growth.

Real gdp purchasing power parity:
Rank: 87

Real gdp growth rate:
Rank: 82

Real gdp per capita:
Rank: 63

Gross national saving:
Rank: 111

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 63.9% (2017 est.)
Government consumption: 16.6% (2017 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 18.8% (2017 est.)
Investment in inventories: -1.3% (2017 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 81.6% (2017 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -79.3% (2017 est.)

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 3.5% (2017 est.)
Industry: 29.4% (2017 est.)
Services: 67.2% (2017 est.)

Agriculture products: grain, potatoes, sugar beets, flax, vegetables; beef, milk, eggs, pork, cheese; fish

Industries: metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, televisions, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture, textiles, food processing, fertilizer, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, lasers, electronic components, computers, amber jewelry, information technology, video game development, app/software development, biotechnology

Industrial production growth rate: 5.9% (2017 est.)
Rank: 43

Labor force: 1.467 million (2017 est.)
Rank: 132
By occupation agriculture: 9.1%
By occupation industry: 25.2%
By occupation services: 65.8% (2015 est.)

Unemployment rate:
Rank: 110

Population below poverty line: 22.2% (2015 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 28.8% (2015)
Highest 10: 28.8% (2015)

Distribution of family income gini index:
Rank: 80

Budget
Revenues: 15.92 billion (2017 est.)
Expenditures: 15.7 billion (2017 est.)
Surplus or deficit: 0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 38

Taxes and other revenues: 33.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Rank: 65

Public debt:
Rank: 129

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices:
Rank: 147

Central bank discount rate:
Rank: 156

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Rank: 177

Stock of narrow money:
Rank: 65

Stock of broad money:
Rank: 65

Stock of domestic credit:
Rank: 72

Market value of publicly traded shares:
Rank: 81

Current account balance:
Rank: 56

Exports:
Rank: 66
Partners: Russia 15%, Latvia 9.9%, Poland 8.1%, Germany 7.3%, US 5.2%, Estonia 5%, Sweden 4.8% (2017)
Commodities: refined fuel, machinery and equipment, chemicals, textiles, foodstuffs, plastics

Imports:
Rank: 66
Commodities: oil, natural gas, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, chemicals, textiles and clothing, metals
Partners: Russia 13%, Germany 12.3%, Poland 10.6%, Latvia 7.1%, Italy 5.2%, Netherlands 5.1%, Sweden 4% (2017)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Rank: 98

Debt external:
Rank: 78

Stock of direct foreign investment at home:
Rank: 77

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad:
Rank: 72

Exchange rates:

Electricity
Access electrification total population: 100% (2016)
Production: 3.131 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Production rank: 131
Consumption: 10.5 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Consumption rank: 95
Exports: 730 million kWh (2015 est.)
Exports rank: 62
Imports: 11.11 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Imports rank: 22
Installed generating capacity: 3.71 million kW (2016 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 93
Generation sources fossil fuels: 73% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 100
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 130
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 4% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 132
Generation sources other renewable sources: 23% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 31

Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 2000 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 88
Crude oil exports: 1002 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 75
Crude oil imports: 182,900 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 32
Crude oil proven reserves: 12 million bbl (1 January 2018 est.)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 88

Refined petroleum
Products production: 196,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products production rank: 51
Products consumption: 58,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)
Products consumption rank: 98
Products exports: 174,800 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products exports rank: 32
Products imports: 42,490 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products imports rank: 87

Natural gas
Production: 0 m³ (2017 est.)
Production rank: 159
Consumption: 2.492 billion m³ (2017 est.)
Consumption rank: 79
Exports: 0 m³ (2017 est.)
Exports rank: 140
Imports: 2.492 billion m³ (2017 est.)
Imports rank: 47
Proven reserves: 0 m³ (2016 est.)
Proven reserves rank: 160

Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 13.49 million Mt (2017 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 97

Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 486,895 (2017 est.)
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2017 est.)
Fixed lines rank: 97
Mobile cellular total subscriptions: 4,361,329 (2017 est.)
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 154 (2017 est.)
Mobile cellular rank: 124

Telephone system
General assessment: adequate; being modernized to provide improved international capability and better residential access; SIM card penetration is high for the region; prepaid sector accounts for most subscribers; postpaid subscribers is increasing; LTE networks available to more than 99% of the population; Lithuanian FttP (fiber to the home cable connections for Internet) penetration ranked third highest in Europe (2017)
Domestic: 17 per 100 for fixed-line subscriptions; rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services has resulted in a steady decline in the number of fixed-line connections; mobile-cellular teledensity stands at about 154 per 100 persons (2017)
International: country code - 370; major international connections to Denmark, Sweden, and Norway by submarine cable for further transmission by satellite; landline connections to Latvia and Poland (2016)

Broadcast media: public broadcaster operates 3 channels with the third channel - a satellite channel - introduced in 2007; various privately owned commercial TV broadcasters operate national and multiple regional channels; many privately owned local TV stations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV services available; publicly owned broadcaster operates 3 radio networks; many privately owned commercial broadcasters, with repeater stations in various regions throughout the country (2007)

Internet
Country code: .lt
Users total: 2,122,884 (July 2016 est.)
Users percent of population: 74.4% (July 2016 est.)
Users rank: 111

Broadband fixed subscriptions
Total: 798,769 (2017 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 28 (2017 est.)
Rank: 72

Military expenditures:
Rank: 51

Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for military service; 9-month service obligation; in 2015, Lithuania reinstated conscription after having converted to a professional military in the fall of 2008 (2016)

National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 2 (2015)
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 52 (2015)
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 1,363,950 (2015)
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 565,642
Note: mt-km (2015)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: LY (2016)

Airports: 61 (2013)
Rank: 80
With paved runways total: 22 (2017)
With paved runways over 3047 m: 3 (2017)
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 1 (2017)
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 7 (2017)
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 2 (2017)
With paved runways under 914 m: 9 (2017)
With unpaved runways total: 39 (2013)
With unpaved runways over 3047 m: 1 (2013)
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 2 (2013)
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 36 (2013)

Pipelines: 1921 km gas, 121 km refined products (2013)

Railways
Total: 1768 km (2014)
Standard gauge: 22 km
Note: 1.520-m gauge (122 km electrified) (2014)
Broad gauge: 1746 km
Rank: 79

Roadways
Total: 84,166 km (2012)
Paved: 72,297 km
Note: (includes 312 km of expressways) (2012)
Unpaved: 11,869 km (2012)
Rank: 59

Waterways: 441 km
Note: (navigable year-round) (2007)
Rank: 86

Merchant marine
Total: 60 (2017)
By type: container ship 2, general cargo 27, oil tanker 2, other 29 (2017)
Rank: 107

Ports and terminals
Major seaport: Klaipeda
Oil terminal: Butinge oil terminal
LNG terminal: Klaipeda

Disputes international: Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999Lithuania operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still conforming, as a EU member state having an external border with a non-EU member, to strict Schengen border rulesboundary demarcated with Latvia and Lithuaniaas of January 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary with Belarus was complete and mapped with final ratification documents in preparation

Refugees and internally displaced persons
Stateless persons: 3,193 (2017)

Illicit drugs: transshipment and destination point for cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy, and opiates from Southwest Asia, Latin America, Western Europe, and neighboring Baltic countries; growing production of high-quality amphetamines, but limited production of cannabis, methamphetamines; susceptible to money laundering despite changes to banking legislation