Background: In 788, about a century after the Arab conquest of North Africa, a series of Moroccan Muslim dynasties began to rule in Morocco. In the 16th century, the Sa'adi monarchy, particularly under Ahmad al-MANSUR (1578-1603), repelled foreign invaders and inaugurated a golden age. The Alaouite Dynasty, to which the current Moroccan royal family belongs, dates from the 17th century. In 1860, Spain occupied northern Morocco and ushered in a half-century of trade rivalry among European powers that saw Morocco's sovereignty steadily erode; in 1912, the French imposed a protectorate over the country. A protracted independence struggle with France ended successfully in 1956. The internationalized city of Tangier and most Spanish possessions were turned over to the new country that same year. Sultan MOHAMMED V, the current monarch's grandfather, organized the new state as a constitutional monarchy and in 1957 assumed the title of king. Since Spain's 1976 withdrawal from what is today called Western Sahara, Morocco has extended its de facto administrative control to roughly 75% of this territory; however, the UN does not recognize Morocco as the administering power for Western Sahara. The UN since 1991 has monitored a cease-fire between Morocco and the Polisario Front - an organization advocating the territory’s independence - and restarted negotiations over the status of the territory in December 2018. On 10 December 2020, the US recognized Morocco's sovereignty over all of Western Sahara.

Geographic coordinates: 32 00 N, 5 00 W

Map reference: Africa

Area
Total: 446,550 km²
Land: 446,300 km²
Water: 250 km²
Rank: 59
Comparative: slightly more than three times the size of New York; slightly larger than California

Land boundaries
Total: 2,363 km
Border countries: (3) Algeria 1900 km; , Western Sahara 444 km; , Spain (Ceuta) 8 km; , Spain (Melilla) 10.5 km
Note: an additional 75-meter border segment exists between Morocco and the Spanish exclave of Penon de Velez de la Gomera

Coastline: 1835 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Contiguous zone: 24 nm

Climate: Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior

Terrain: mountainous northern coast (Rif Mountains) and interior (Atlas Mountains) bordered by large plateaus with intermontane valleys, and fertile coastal plains

Elevation
Mean elevation: 909 m
Lowest point: Sebkha Tah -59 m
Highest point: Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m

Natural resources: phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt

Land use
Agricultural land: 67.5% (2011 est.)
Forest: 11.5% (2011 est.)
Other: 21% (2011 est.)

Irrigated land: 14,850 km² (2012)

Natural hazards: northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts; windstorms; flash floods; landslides

Geography
Note: strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar; the only African nation to have both Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines

Population
Distribution rank: population distribution map: 35,561,654 (July 2020 est.)
Rank: 40
Growth rate: 0.96% (2020 est.)
Growth rate rank: 109
Below poverty line: 15% (2007 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Moroccan(s)
Adjective: Moroccan

Ethnic groups: Arab-Berber 99%, other 1%

Languages:

Religions: Muslim 99% (official; virtually all Sunni, <0.1% Shia), other 1% (includes Christian, Jewish, and Baha'i); note - Jewish about 6,000 (2010 est.)

Demographic profile: Morocco is undergoing a demographic transition. Its population is growing but at a declining rate, as people live longer and women have fewer children. Infant, child, and maternal mortality rates have been reduced through better health care, nutrition, hygiene, and vaccination coverage, although disparities between urban and rural and rich and poor households persist. Morocco’s shrinking child cohort reflects the decline of its total fertility rate from 5 in mid-1980s to 2.2 in 2010, which is a result of increased female educational attainment, higher contraceptive use, delayed marriage, and the desire for smaller families. Young adults (persons aged 15-29) make up almost 26% of the total population and represent a potential economic asset if they can be gainfully employed. Currently, however, many youths are unemployed because Morocco’s job creation rate has not kept pace with the growth of its working-age population. Most youths who have jobs work in the informal sector with little security or benefits.During the second half of the 20th century, Morocco became one of the world’s top emigration countries, creating large, widely dispersed migrant communities in Western Europe. The Moroccan Government has encouraged emigration since its independence in 1956, both to secure remittances for funding national development and as an outlet to prevent unrest in rebellious (often Berber) areas. Although Moroccan labor migrants earlier targeted Algeria and France, the flood of Moroccan 'guest workers' from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s spread widely across northwestern Europe to fill unskilled jobs in the booming manufacturing, mining, construction, and agriculture industries. Host societies and most Moroccan migrants expected this migration to be temporary, but deteriorating economic conditions in Morocco related to the 1973 oil crisis and tighter European immigration policies resulted in these stays becoming permanent.A wave of family migration followed in the 1970s and 1980s, with a growing number of second generation Moroccans opting to become naturalized citizens of their host countries. Spain and Italy emerged as new destination countries in the mid-1980s, but their introduction of visa restrictions in the early 1990s pushed Moroccans increasingly to migrate either legally by marrying Moroccans already in Europe or illegally to work in the underground economy. Women began to make up a growing share of these labor migrants. At the same time, some higher-skilled Moroccans went to the US and Quebec, Canada.In the mid-1990s, Morocco developed into a transit country for asylum seekers from Sub-Saharan Africa and illegal labor migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia trying to reach Europe via southern Spain, Spain’s Canary Islands, or Spain’s North African enclaves, Ceuta and Melilla. Forcible expulsions by Moroccan and Spanish security forces have not deterred these illegal migrants or calmed Europe’s security concerns. Rabat remains unlikely to adopt an EU agreement to take back third-country nationals who have entered the EU illegally via Morocco. Thousands of other illegal migrants have chosen to stay in Morocco until they earn enough money for further travel or permanently as a 'second-best' option. The launching of a regularization program in 2014 legalized the status of some migrants and granted them equal access to education, health care, and work, but xenophobia and racism remain obstacles.

Age structure
0-14 years: 27.04% (male 4,905,626/female 4,709,333)
15-24 years: 16.55% (male 2,953,523/female 2,930,708)
25-54 years: 40.64% (male 7,126,781/female 7,325,709)
55-64 years: 8.67% (male 1,533,771/female 1,548,315)
65 years and over: 7.11% (male 1,225,307/female 1,302,581) (2020 est.)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 52.4
Youth dependency ratio: 40.8
Elderly dependency ratio: 11.6
Potential support ratio: 8.6 (2020 est.)

Median age
Total: 29.1 years
Male: 28.7 years
Female: 29.6 years (2020 est.)
Rank: 137

Population growth rate: 0.96% (2020 est.)
Rank: 109

Birth rate: 17.9 births/1000 population (2020 est.)
Rank: 90

Death rate: 6.6 deaths/1000 population (2020 est.)
Rank: 140

Net migration rate: -1.9 migrant(s)/1000 population (2020 est.)
Rank: 166

Population distribution
Rank: population distribution map

Urbanization
Urban population: 63.5% of total population
Note: (2015-20 est.)
Rate of urbanization: 2.14% annual rate of change

Major urban areas
Population: 3.752 million Casablanca, 1.885 million RABAT (capital), 1.224 million Fes, 1.198 million Tangier, 1.003 million Marrakech, 924,000 Agadir (2020)

Environment
Current issues: land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation); water and soil pollution due to dumping of industrial wastes into the ocean and inland water sources, and onto the land
International agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: Environmental Modification

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female
Total population: 1 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Infant mortality rate
Total: 18.2 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 20.2 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 16.1 deaths/1000 live births (2020 est.)
Rank: 81

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 73.3 years
Male: 71.6 years
Female: 75.1 years (2020 est.)
Rank: 147

Total fertility rate: 2.31 children born/woman (2020 est.)
Rank: 83

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 70.8% (2018)

Drinking water source
Urban: 1.7% of population
Rural: 20.9% of population
Total: 9% of population (2017 est.)

Current health expenditure: 5.2% (2017)

Physicians density: 0.73 physicians/1000 population (2017)

Hospital bed density: 1 beds/1000 population (2017)

Sanitation facility access
Urban: 0.9% of population
Rural: 18.9% of population
Total: 7.3% of population (2017 est.)

Hivaids
Adult prevalence rate note: <.1% (2019 est.)
People living with hivaids: 21,000 (2019 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 86
Deaths note: <500 (2019 est.)

Major infectious diseases
Note: clusters of cases of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) are occurring in Morocco; as of 8 December 2020, Morocco has reported a total of 376,738 cases of COVID-19 or 10,207 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 1 million population with 168 cumulative deaths per 1 million population

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 26.1% (2016)
Rank: 45

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 2.6% (2017/18)
Rank: 106

Education expenditures
Note: NA

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 73.8%
Male: 83.3%
Female: 64.6% (2018)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 14 years
Male: 14 years
Female: 14 years (2019)

Country name
Conventional long form: Kingdom of Morocco
Conventional short form: Morocco
Local long form: Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah
Local short form: Al Maghrib
Former: French Protectorate in Morocco, Spanish Protectorate in Morocco
Etymology: the English name Morocco derives from, respectively, the Spanish and Portuguese names Marruecos and Marrocos, which stem from Marrakesh the Latin name for the former capital of ancient Morocco; the Arabic name Al Maghrib translates as The West

Government type: parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Capital
Name: Rabat
Geographic coordinates: 34 01 N, 6 49 W
Time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October: etymology: name derives from the Arabic title 'Ribat el-Fath,' meaning 'stronghold of victory,' applied to the newly constructed citadel in 1170

Administrative divisions: 11 regions (recognized); Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Casablanca-Settat, Draa-Tafilalet, Fes-Meknes, Guelmim-Oued Noun, Laayoune-Sakia al Hamra, Oriental, Marrakech-Safi, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Souss-Massa, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
Note: Effective 10 December 2020, the US government recognizes the sovereignty of Morocco over all of the territory of Western Sahara.

Independence: 2 March 1956 (from France)

National holiday: Throne Day (accession of King MOHAMMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999)

Constitution
History: several previous; latest drafted 17 June 2011, approved by referendum 1 July 2011; note - sources disagree on whether the 2011 referendum was for a new constitution or for reforms to the previous constitution
Amendments: proposed by the king, by the prime minister, or by members in either chamber of Parliament; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote by both chambers and approval in a referendum; the king can opt to submit self-initiated proposals directly to a referendum

Legal system: mixed legal system of civil law based on French civil law and Islamic (sharia) law; judicial review of legislative acts by Constitutional Court

International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Morocco; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizen
Dual citizenship recognized: yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: King MOHAMMED VI (since 30 July 1999)
Head of government: Prime Minister Saad-Eddine al-OTHMANI (since 17 March 2017)
Cabinet: Council of Ministers chosen by the prime minister in consultation with Parliament and appointed by the monarch 
Electionsappointments: the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from the majority party following legislative elections

Judicial branch
Highest courts: Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of 5-judge panels organized into civil, family matters, commercial, administrative, social, and criminal sections); Constitutional Court (consists of 12 members)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the Superior Council of Judicial Power, a 20-member body presided by the monarch, which includes the Supreme Court president, the prosecutor general, representatives of the appeals and first instance courts (among them 1 woman magistrate), the president of the National Council of the Rights of Man, and 5 notable persons appointed by the monarch; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Court members - 6 designated by the monarch and 6 elected by Parliament; court president appointed by the monarch from among the court members; members serve 9-year nonrenewable terms
Subordinate courts: courts of appeal; High Court of Justice; administrative and commercial courts; regional and sadad courts (for religious, civil and administrative, and penal adjudication); first instance courts

Political parties and leaders: Action Party or PA [Mohammed EL IDRISSI]Amal (hope) Party [Mohamed BANI]An-Nahj Ad-Dimocrati or An-Nahj [Mustapha BRAHMA]Authenticity and Modernity Party or PAM [Ilyas al-OMARI]Constitutional Union Party or UC [Mohamed SAJID]Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Abdessamad ARCHANE]Democratic Forces Front or FFD [Mustapha BENALI]Democratic Oath Party or SDDemocratic Socialist Vanguard Party or PADS [Abderrahman BENAMROU]Democratic Society Party [Zhour CHAKKAFI]Environment and Development Party or PED [Karim HRITAN]Green Left Party [Mohamed FARES]Istiqlal (Independence) Party or PI [Nizar BARAKA]Ittihadi National Congress or CNI [Abdesalam EL AZIZ]Labor Party or PTMoroccan Liberal Party or PML [Mohammed ZIANE]Moroccan Union for Democracy or UMD [Jamal MANDRI]National Rally of Independents or RNI [Aziz AKHANNOUCH]Neo-Democrats Party [Mohamed DARIF]Party of Development Reform or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOHEN]Party of Justice and Development or PJD [Saad Eddine al-OTHMANI]Party of Liberty and Social Justice [Miloud MOUSSAOUI]Popular Movement or MP [Mohand LAENSER]Progress and Socialism Party or PPS [Nabil BENABDELLAH]Renaissance and Virtue Party [Mohamed KHALIDI]Renaissance Party [Said EL GHENNIOUI]Renewal and Equity Party or PRE [Chakir ACHEHABAR]Shoura (consultation) and Istiqlal Party [Ahmed BELGHAZI]Social Center Party or PCS [Lahcen MADIH]Socialist Party [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA]Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Driss LACHGAR]Unified Socialist Party or GSU [Nabila MOUNIB]Unity and Democracy Party [Ahmed FITRI]

International organization participation: ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, SICA (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNSC (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Lalla Joumala ALAOUI (since 24 April 2017)
In the us chancery: 3,508 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20,008
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 462-7,979
In the us FAX: [1] (202) 462-7,643
In the us consulate: New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador David T. FISCHER (since 22 January 2020)
From the us telephone: [212] 537 637 200
From the us embassy: Km 5.7 Avenue Mohammed VI, Souissi, Rabat 10,170
From the us mailing address: Unit 9,400, Box Front Office, DPO AE 9,718
From the us FAX: [212] 537 637 201
From the us consulate: Casablanca

Flag description: red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Sulayman's (Solomon's) seal in the center of the flag; red and green are traditional colors in Arab flags, although the use of red is more commonly associated with the Arab states of the Persian Gulf; the pentacle represents the five pillars of Islam and signifies the association between God and the nation; design dates to 1912

National symbols: pentacle symbol, lion; national colors: red, green

National anthem
Name: Hymne Cherifien (Hymn of the Sharif)
Lyricsmusic: Ali Squalli HOUSSAINI/Leo MORGAN
Note: music adopted 1956, lyrics adopted 1970

Real gdp purchasing power parity
Real:
Real note: data are in 2010 dollars

Real gdp growth rate:
Rank: 110

Real gdp per capita:
Note: data are in 2010 dollars
Rank: 173

Gross national saving:
Rank: 31

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 58% (2017 est.)
Government consumption: 18.9% (2017 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 28.4% (2017 est.)
Investment in inventories: 4.2% (2017 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 37.1% (2017 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -46.6% (2017 est.)

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 14% (2017 est.)
Industry: 29.5% (2017 est.)
Services: 56.5% (2017 est.)

Agriculture products: barley, wheat, citrus fruits, grapes, vegetables, olives; livestock; wine

Industries: automotive parts, phosphate mining and processing, aerospace, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, energy, tourism

Industrial production growth rate: 2.8% (2017 est.)
Rank: 110

Labor force: 10.399 million (2020 est.)
Rank: 49
By occupation agriculture: 39.1%
By occupation industry: 20.3%
By occupation services: 40.5% (2014 est.)

Unemployment rate:
Rank: 141

Population below poverty line: 15% (2007 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 2.7%
Highest 10: 33.2% (2007)

Budget
Revenues: 22.81 billion (2017 est.)
Expenditures: 26.75 billion (2017 est.)
Surplus or deficit: -3.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 150

Taxes and other revenues: 20.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Rank: 144

Public debt:
Rank: 58

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices:
Rank: 30

Current account balance:
Rank: 184

Exports:
Rank: 62
Partners: Spain 23.2%, France 22.6%, Italy 4.5%, US 4.2% (2017)
Commodities: clothing and textiles, automobiles, electric components, inorganic chemicals, transistors, crude minerals, fertilizers (including phosphates), petroleum products, citrus fruits, vegetables, fish

Imports:
Rank: 56
Commodities: crude petroleum, textile fabric, telecommunications equipment, wheat, gas and electricity, transistors, plastics
Partners: Spain 16.7%, France 12.2%, China 9.2%, US 6.9%, Germany 6%, Italy 5.9%, Turkey 4.5% (2017)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Rank: 53

Debt external:
Rank: 65

Exchange rates:

Electricity
Access electrification total population: 100% (2020)
Production: 28.75 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Production rank: 68
Consumption: 28.25 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Consumption rank: 64
Exports: 165 million kWh (2015 est.)
Exports rank: 79
Imports: 5.289 billion kWh (2016 est.)
Imports rank: 37
Installed generating capacity: 8.303 million kW (2016 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 68
Generation sources fossil fuels: 68% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 113
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 148
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 16% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 101
Generation sources other renewable sources: 15% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 60

Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 160 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 98
Crude oil exports: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 169
Crude oil imports: 61,160 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 53
Crude oil proven reserves: 684,000 bbl (1 January 2018 est.)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 97

Refined petroleum
Products production: 66,230 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Products production rank: 74
Products consumption: 278,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)
Products consumption rank: 44
Products exports: 9,504 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products exports rank: 83
Products imports: 229,300 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products imports rank: 30

Natural gas
Production: 87.78 million m³ (2017 est.)
Production rank: 82
Consumption: 1.218 billion m³ (2017 est.)
Consumption rank: 89
Exports: 0 m³ (2017 est.)
Exports rank: 156
Imports: 1.133 billion m³ (2017 est.)
Imports rank: 61
Proven reserves: 1.444 billion m³ (1 January 2018 est.)
Proven reserves rank: 97

Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 55.4 million Mt (2017 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 56

Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 1,982,934
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5.63 (2019 est.)
Fixed lines rank: 55
Mobile cellular total subscriptions: 45,065,083
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127.95 (2019 est.)
Mobile cellular rank: 33

Broadcast media: 2 TV broadcast networks with state-run Radio-Television Marocaine (RTM) operating one network and the state partially owning the other; foreign TV broadcasts are available via satellite dish; 3 radio broadcast networks with RTM operating one; the government-owned network includes 10 regional radio channels in addition to its national service (2019)

Internet
Country code: .ma
Users total: 22,596,729
Users percent of population: 64.8% (July 2018 est.)
Users rank: 33

Broadband fixed subscriptions
Total: 1,552,599
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2018 est.)
Rank: 61

Military expenditures:
Rank: 25

Military and security forces: Royal Armed Forces: Royal Moroccan Army, Royal Moroccan Navy (includes Coast Guard, marines), Royal Moroccan Air Force, Royal Morroccan Gendarmerie, Morroccan Royal Guard (provides security for the royal family; officially part of the Royal Army); Force Auxiliaire (a paramilitary force under the Ministry of Interior that supplements the military and the police as needed) (2019)

Military service age and obligation: 19 years of age for compulsory military service (reintroduced in 2019); both sexes are obligated to military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months (2019)

Terrorist groups: Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) (2020)

National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 3 (2020)
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 76
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 8,132,917 (2018)
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 97.71 million
Note: mt-km (2018)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: CN (2016)

Airports: 55 (2013)
Rank: 83
With paved runways total: 31 (2017)
With paved runways over 3047 m: 11 (2017)
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 9 (2017)
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 7 (2017)
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 4 (2017)
With unpaved runways total: 24 (2013)
With unpaved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 1 (2013)
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 7 (2013)
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 11 (2013)
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 5 (2013)

Heliports: 1 (2013)

Pipelines: 944 km gas, 270 km oil, 175 km refined products (2013)

Railways
Total: 2,067 km (2014)
Standard gauge: 2,067 km
Note: 1.435-m gauge (1022 km electrified) (2014)
Rank: 73

Roadways
Total: 57,300 km (2018)
Rank: 80

Merchant marine
Total: 86
By type: bulk carrier 4, general cargo 4, oil tanker 3, other 75 (2019)
Rank: 97

Ports and terminals
Major seaport: Casablanca, Jorf Lasfar, Mohammedia, Safi, Tangier
Container port: Tangier (3,312,409) (2017)
LNG terminal: Jorf Lasfar

Disputes international: Morocco protests Spain's control over the coastal enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera, the islands of Penon de Alhucemas and Islas Chafarinas, and surrounding waters; both countries claim Isla Perejil (Leila Island); discussions have not progressed on a comprehensive maritime delimitation, setting limits on resource exploration and refugee interdiction, since Morocco's 2002 rejection of Spain's unilateral designation of a median line from the Canary Islands; Morocco serves as one of the primary launching areas of illegal migration into Spain from North Africa; Algeria's border with Morocco remains an irritant to bilateral relations, each nation accusing the other of harboring militants and arms smuggling; the National Liberation Front's assertions of a claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco is a dormant dispute

Illicit drugs: the world's largest producer and exporter of cannabis; total production for 2015-2016 growing season estimated to be 700 metric tons; shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe; significant consumer of cannabis