Background: Indigenous groups inhabited central and southern Chile for several thousands of years, living in mixed pastoralist and settled communities, ending with the Inca ruling the north of the country for nearly a century prior to the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century. The Captaincy General of Chile was founded by the Spanish in 1541, lasting until Chile declared its independence in 1810. The subsequent struggle became tied to other South American independence conflicts, with a decisive victory over the Spanish not being achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-83), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia to win its current northernmost regions. By the 1880s, the Chilean central government cemented its control over the central and southern regions inhabited by Mapuche Indigenous peoples. Between 1891 and 1973, a series of elected governments succeeded each other until the three-year-old Marxist government of Salvador ALLENDE was overthrown in 1973 by a military coup led by General Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until a democratically elected president was inaugurated in 1990. Economic reforms, maintained consistently since the 1980s, contributed to steady growth, reduced poverty rates by over half, and helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation.

Geographic coordinates: 30 00 S, 71 00 W

Map reference: South America

Area
Total: 756,102 km²
Land: 743,812 km²
Water: 12,290 km²
Note: includes Easter Island (Isla de Pascua) and Isla Sala y Gomez
Comparative: slightly smaller than twice the size of Montana

Land boundaries
Total: 7,801 km
Border countries: (3) Argentina 6,691 km; Bolivia 942 km; Peru 168 km

Coastline: 6,435 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Contiguouszone: 24 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: 200/350 nm

Climate: temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean in central region; cool and damp in south

Terrain: low coastal mountains, fertile central valley, rugged Andes in east

Elevation
Highest point: Nevado Ojos del Salado 6,893 m (highest volcano in the world)
Lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Mean elevation: 1,871 m

Natural resources: copper, timber, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum, hydropower

Land use
Agricultural land: 21.1% (2018 est.)
Forest: 21.9% (2018 est.)
Other: 57% (2018 est.)

Irrigated land: 11,100 km² (2012)

Total water withdrawal
Municipal: 1.267 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)
Industrial: 4.744 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)
Agricultural: 29.42 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

Total renewable water resources: 923.06 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)

Natural hazards: severe earthquakes; active volcanism; tsunamis

Population
Distribution: 90% of the population is located in the middle third of the country around the capital of Santiago; the far north (anchored by the Atacama Desert) and the extreme south are relatively underpopulated: 18,430,408 (2022 est.)
Growth rate: 0.66% (2022 est.)
Below poverty line: 8.6% (2017 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Chilean(s)
Adjective: Chilean

Ethnic groups: White and non-Indigenous 88.9%, Mapuche 9.1%, Aymara 0.7%, other Indigenous groups 1% (includes Rapa Nui, Likan Antai, Quechua, Colla, Diaguita, Kawesqar, Yagan or Yamana), unspecified 0.3% (2012 est.)

Languages: Spanish 99.5% (official), English 10.2%, Indigenous 1% (includes Mapudungun, Aymara, Quechua, Rapa Nui), other 2.3%, unspecified 0.2%; note - shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census (2012 est.)
Major language samples:

Religions: Roman Catholic 60%, Evangelical 18%, atheist or agnostic 4%, none 17% (2018 est.)

Demographic profile: Chile is in the advanced stages of demographic transition and is becoming an aging society - with fertility below replacement level, low mortality rates, and life expectancy on par with developed countries. Nevertheless, with its dependency ratio nearing its low point, Chile could benefit from its favorable age structure. It will need to keep its large working-age population productively employed, while preparing to provide for the needs of its growing proportion of elderly people, especially as women - the traditional caregivers - increasingly enter the workforce. Over the last two decades, Chile has made great strides in reducing its poverty rate, which is now lower than most Latin American countries. However, its severe income inequality ranks as the worst among members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Unequal access to quality education perpetuates this uneven income distribution.

Age structure
0-14 years: 19.79% (male 1,836,240/female 1,763,124)
15-24 years: 13.84% (male 1,283,710/female 1,233,238)
25-54 years: 42.58% (male 3,882,405/female 3,860,700)
55-64 years: 11.98% (male 1,034,049/female 1,145,022)
65 years and over: 11.81% (male 902,392/female 1,245,890) (2020 est.)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 45.2
Youth dependency ratio: 26.8
Elderly dependency ratio: 18.4
Potential support ratio: 5.4 (2021 est.)

Median age
Total: 35.5 years
Male: 34.3 years
Female: 36.7 years (2020 est.)

Population growth rate: 0.66% (2022 est.)

Birth rate: 12.75 births/1000 population (2022 est.)

Death rate: 6.52 deaths/1000 population (2022 est.)

Net migration rate: 0.33 migrant(s)/1000 population (2022 est.)

Population distribution: 90% of the population is located in the middle third of the country around the capital of Santiago; the far north (anchored by the Atacama Desert) and the extreme south are relatively underpopulated

Urbanization
Urban population: 88% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 0.78% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas
Population: 6.903 million SANTIAGO (capital), 1.009 million Valparaiso, 912,000 Concepcion (2023)

Environment
Current issues: air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; noise pollution; improper garbage disposal; soil degradation; widespread deforestation and mining threaten the environment; wildlife conservation
International agreements party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Air pollutants
Particulate matter emissions: 21.03 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions: 85.82 megatons (2016 est.)
Methane emissions: 15.97 megatons (2020 est.)

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.56 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2022 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio: 13 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate
Total: 6.55 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 7.12 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 5.95 deaths/1000 live births (2022 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 79.79 years
Male: 76.8 years
Female: 82.92 years (2022 est.)

Total fertility rate: 1.76 children born/woman (2022 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 76.3% (2015/16)

Current health expenditure: 9.3% of GDP (2019)

Physicians density: 2.84 physicians/1000 population (2020)

Hospital bed density: 2.1 beds/1000 population (2018)

Hivaids
Adult prevalence rate: 0.6% (2021 est.)

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 28% (2016)

Alcohol consumption
Per capita total: 7.8 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita beer: 2.76 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita wine: 2.61 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita spirits: 2.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Per capita other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use
Total: 29.2% (2020 est.)
Male: 31.6% (2020 est.)
Female: 26.8% (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 0.5% (2014)

Education expenditures: 5.6% of GDP (2019 est.)

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 96.4%
Male: 96.3%
Female: 96.3% (2017)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 17 years
Male: 16 years
Female: 17 years (2020)

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15-24 total: 20.6%
Rate ages 15-24 male: 19%
Rate ages 15-24 female: 22.7% (2021 est.)

Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Chile
Conventional short form: Chile
Local long form: Republica de Chile
Local short form: Chile
Etymology: derivation of the name is unclear, but it may come from the Mapuche word "chilli" meaning "limit of the earth" or from the Quechua "chiri" meaning "cold"

Government type: presidential republic

Capital
Name: Santiago; note - Valparaiso is the seat of the national legislature
Geographic coordinates: 33 27 S, 70 40 W
Time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in August; ends second Sunday in May; note - Punta Arenas observes DST throughout the year
Timezone note: Chile has three time zones: the continental portion at UTC-3; the southern Magallanes region, which does not use daylight savings time and remains at UTC-3 for the summer months; and Easter Island at UTC-5
Etymology: Santiago is named after the biblical figure Saint James (ca. A.D. 3-44), patron saint of Spain, but especially revered in Galicia; "Santiago" derives from the local Galician evolution of the Vulgar Latin "Sanctu Iacobu"; Valparaiso derives from the Spanish "Valle Paraiso" meaning "Paradise Valley"

Administrative divisions: 16 regions (regiones, singular - region); Aysen, Antofagasta, Araucania, Arica y Parinacota, Atacama, Biobio, Coquimbo, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los Lagos, Los Rios, Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena (Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica), Maule, Nuble, Region Metropolitana (Santiago), Tarapaca, Valparaiso
Note: the US does not recognize any claims to Antarctica

Independence: 18 September 1810 (from Spain)

National holiday: Independence Day, 18 September (1810)

Constitution
History: many previous; latest adopted 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981; a referendum held on 25 October 2020 approved forming a convention to draft a new constitution, and on 15-16 May 2021, a referendum was held to elect members to the convention; the convention will finalize in July 2022, and Chileans will vote on the new constitution in a 4 September referendum 
Amendments: proposed by members of either house of the National Congress or by the president of the republic; passage requires at least three-fifths majority vote of the membership in both houses and approval by the president; passage of amendments to constitutional articles, such as the republican form of government, basic rights and freedoms, the Constitutional Tribunal, electoral justice, the Council of National Security, or the constitutional amendment process, requires at least two-third majority vote by both houses of Congress and approval by the president; the president can opt to hold a referendum when Congress and the president disagree on an amendment; amended many times, last in 2020

Legal system: civil law system influenced by several West European civil legal systems; judicial review of legislative acts by the Constitutional Tribunal

International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: yes
Citizenship by descentonly: yes
Dual citizenship recognized: yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
Head of government: President Gabriel BORIC (since 11 March 2022)
Cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
Elections and appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 21 November 2021 with a runoff held on 19 December 2021 (next to be held on 23 November 2025 with runoff if needed on 20 December)
Election results: 
2021: Gabriel BORIC elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jose Antonio KAST (FSC) 27.9%; Gabriel BORIC (AD) 25.8%; Franco PARISI (PDG) 12.8%; Sebastian SICHEL (ChP+) 12.8%; Yasna PROVOSTE (New Social Pact) 11.6%; other 9.1%; percent of vote in second round - Gabriel BORIC (AD) 55.9%; Jose Antonio KAST (FSC) 44.1%

2017: Sebastian PINERA Echenique elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique (independent) 36.6%; Alejandro GUILLIER (independent) 22.7%; Beatriz SANCHEZ (independent) 20.3%; Jose Antonio KAST (independent) 7.9%; Carolina GOIC (PDC) 5.9%; Marco ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI (PRO) 5.7%; other 0.9%; percent of vote in second round - Sebastian PINERA Echenique 54.6%, Alejandro GUILLIER 45.4%

Legislative branch
Description: bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of:
Senate or Senado (50 seats); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open party-list proportional representation vote to serve 8-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 4 years)
Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (155 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open party-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)
Elections: 
Senate - last held on 21 November 2021 (next to be held on 23 November 2025)
Chamber of Deputies - last held on 21 November 2021 (next to be held on 23 November 2025)
Election results:

Judicial branch
Highest courts: Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (consists of a court president and 20 members or ministros); Constitutional Court (consists of 10 members and is independent of the rest of the judiciary); Elections Qualifying Court (consists of 5 members)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges (ministers) appointed by the president of the republic and ratified by the Senate from lists of candidates provided by the court itself; judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 70; Constitutional Court members appointed - 3 by the Supreme Court, 3 by the president of the republic, 2 by the Chamber of Deputies, and 2 by the Senate; members serve 9-year terms with partial membership replacement every 3 years (the court reviews constitutionality of legislation); Elections Qualifying Court members appointed by lottery - 1 by the former president or vice president of the Senate and 1 by the former president or vice president of the Chamber of Deputies, 2 by the Supreme Court, and 1 by the Appellate Court of Valparaiso; members appointed for 4-year terms
Subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; oral criminal tribunals; military tribunals; local police courts; specialized tribunals and courts in matters such as family, labor, customs, taxes, and electoral affairs

Political parties and leaders: Approve Dignity (Apruebo Dignidad) coalition or AD (includes PC, FA, and FREVS) [Gabriel BORIC]
Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) or FA (includes RD, CS, and Comunes) [Gonzalo WINTER]
Broad Social Movement of Leftist Citizens (includes former MAS and Izquierda Ciudadana) [Fernando ZAMORANO]
Chile We Can Do More or ChP+ [Sebastian SICHEL] (coalition includes EVOPOLI, PRI, RN, UDI)
Christian Conservative Party or PCC [Antaris VARELA]
Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Carmen FREI Ruiz-Tagle]
Christian Social Front or FSC [Jose Antonio KAST] (includes PCC, PLR)
Citizens or CIU [María Ignacia GOMEZ Martinez]
Commons (Comunes) [Jorge RAMIREZ]
Communist Party of Chile or PCCh [Guillermo TEILLIER del Valle]
Democratic Revolution or RD [Margarita PORTUGUEZ]
Green Ecological Party or PEV [Felix GONZALEZ] (dissolved 7 February 2022)
Humanist Party or PH [Octavio GONZALEZ]
Independent Democratic Union or UDI [Javier MACAYA]
Independent Regionalist Democratic Party or PRI [Hugo ORTIZ de Filippi]
Liberal Party (Partido Liberal de Chile) or PL [Patricio MORALES]
National Renewal or RN [Francisco CHAHUAN]
New Social Pact or NPS [Yasna PROVOSTE] (includes PDC, PL, PPD, PRSD, PS)
Party for Democracy or PPD [Natalia PERGIENTILI Domenech]
Party of the People or PDG [Franco Aldo PARISI Fernandez]
Political Evolution or EVOPOLI [Luz POBLETE Coddou]
Radical Social Democratic Party or PRSD [Carlos MALDONADO Curti]
Republican Party or PLR [Rojo EDWARDS]
Social Convergence or CS [Alondra ARELLANO Hernandez]
Social Green Regionalist Federation or FREVS [Flavia TORREALBA Diaz]
Socialist Party or PS [Alvaro Antonio ELIZALDE Soto]
United Independents or IU [Cristian Alejandro CONTRERAS Radovic]

International organization participation: APEC, BIS, CAN (associate), CD, CELAC, FAO, G-15, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OECD (enhanced engagement), OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMOGIP, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Juan Gabriel VALDES Soublette (since 7 June 2022)
In the us chancery: 1732 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20,036
In the us telephone: [1] (202) 785-1746
In the us FAX: [1] (202) 887-5,579
In the us email address and website:
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Richard H. GLENN (since August 2020)
From the us embassy: Avenida Andres Bello 2,800, Las Condes, Santiago
From the us mailing address: 3,460 Santiago Place, Washington DC 20,521-3,460
From the us telephone: [56] (2) 2,330-3,000
From the us FAX: [56] (2) 2,330-3,710
From the us email address and website:

Flag description: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; a blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center representing a guide to progress and honor; blue symbolizes the sky, white is for the snow-covered Andes, and red represents the blood spilled to achieve independence
Note: design influenced by the US flag

National symbols: huemul (mountain deer), Andean condor; national colors: red, white, blue

National anthem
Name: "Himno Nacional de Chile" (National Anthem of Chile)
Lyrics and music: Eusebio LILLO Robles and Bernardo DE VERA y Pintado/Ramon CARNICER y Battle
Note: music adopted 1828, original lyrics adopted 1818, adapted lyrics adopted 1847; under Augusto PINOCHET's military rule, a verse glorifying the army was added; however, as a protest, some citizens refused to sing this verse; it was removed when democracy was restored in 1990

National heritage
Total world heritage sites: 7 (all cultural)
Selected world heritage site locales:

Real gdp purchasing power parity:
Note: data are in 2017 dollars

Real gdp growth rate:

Real gdp per capita:
Note: data are in 2017 dollars

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 62.3% (2017 est.)
Government consumption: 14% (2017 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 21.5% (2017 est.)
Investment in inventories: 0.5% (2017 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 28.7% (2017 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -27% (2017 est.)

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 4.2% (2017 est.)
Industry: 32.8% (2017 est.)
Services: 63% (2017 est.)

Agriculture products: grapes, apples, wheat, sugar beet, milk, potatoes, tomatoes, maize, poultry, pork

Industries: copper, lithium, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles

Industrial production growth rate: -0.4% (2017 est.)

Labor force: 7.249 million (2020 est.)
By occupation agriculture: 9.2%
By occupation industry: 23.7%
By occupation services: 67.1% (2013)

Unemployment rate:

Youth unemployment
Rate ages 15-24 total: 20.6%
Rate ages 15-24 male: 19%
Rate ages 15-24 female: 22.7% (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line: 8.6% (2017 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 1.7%
Highest 10: 41.5% (2013 est.)

Budget
Revenues: $57.75 billion (2017 est.)
Expenditures: $65.38 billion (2017 est.)
Surplus or deficit: $-2.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Taxes and other revenues: 20.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Public debt:

Revenue
From forest resources forest revenues: 0.49% of GDP (2018 est.)
From coal coal revenues: 0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices:

Current account balance:

Exports:
Note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
Partners: China 32%, United States 14%, Japan 9%, South Korea 7% (2019)
Commodities: copper, wood pulp, fish fillets, pitted fruits, wine (2019)

Imports:
Partners: China 24%, United States 20%, Brazil 8%, Germany 5%, Argentina 5% (2019)
Commodities: refined petroleum, crude petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, delivery trucks (2019)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

Debt external:

Exchange rates:

Electricity
Access electrification total population: 100% (2020)
Installed generating capacity: 29.808 million kW (2020 est.)
Consumption: 75.302 billion kWh (2020 est.)
Exports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)
Imports: 0 kWh (2020 est.)
Transmission distribution losses: 4.62 billion kWh (2020 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels: 51.9% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources solar: 9.5% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources wind: 6.9% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 26% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources geothermal: 0.3% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)
Generation sources biomass and waste: 5.4% of total installed capacity (2020 est.)

Coal
Production: 542,000 metric tons (2020 est.)
Consumption: 10.573 million metric tons (2020 est.)
Exports: 134,000 metric tons (2020 est.)
Imports: 10.607 million metric tons (2020 est.)
Proven reserves: 1.181 billion metric tons (2019 est.)

Petroleum
Total petroleum production: 11,900 bbl/day (2021 est.)
Refined petroleum consumption: 361,700 bbl/day (2019 est.)
Crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Crude oil and lease condensate imports: 172,700 bbl/day (2018 est.)
Crude oil estimated reserves: 150 million barrels (2021 est.)

Refined petroleum
Products production: 216,200 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Products exports: 7,359 bbl/day (2017 est.)
Products imports: 166,400 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Natural gas
Production: 1,109,962,000 cubic meters (2020 est.)
Consumption: 6,558,312,000 cubic meters (2020 est.)
Exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est.)
Imports: 4,602,471,000 cubic meters (2020 est.)
Proven reserves: 97.976 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions: 88.333 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
From coal and metallurgical coke: 24.217 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 51.228 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)
From consumed natural gas: 12.888 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.)

Energy consumption per capita: 81.953 million Btu/person (2019 est.)

Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 2,567,938 (2020 est.)
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2020 est.)
Mobile cellular total subscriptions: 25,068,249 (2020 est.)
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 131 (2020 est.)

Broadcast media: national and local terrestrial TV channels, coupled with extensive cable TV networks; the state-owned Television Nacional de Chile (TVN) network is self-financed through commercial advertising revenues and is not under direct government control; large number of privately owned TV stations; about 250 radio stations

Internet
Country code: .cl
Users total: 16,822,264 (2020 est.)
Users percent of population: 88% (2020 est.)

Broadband fixed subscriptions
Total: 3,763,826 (2020 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20 (2020 est.)

Military expenditures:

Military and security forces: Armed Forces of Chile (Chile - Transportation 2022

National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 9 (2020)
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 173
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 19,517,185 (2018)
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 1,226,440,000 (2018) mt-km

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: CC

Airports
Total: 481 (2021)
With paved runways total: 90
With paved runways over 3047 m: 5
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 7
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 23
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 31
With paved runways under 914 m: 24 (2021)
With unpaved runways total: 391
With unpaved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 5
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 11
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 56
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 319 (2021)

Heliports: 1 (2021)

Pipelines: 3,160 km gas, 781 km liquid petroleum gas, 985 km oil, 722 km refined products (2013)

Railways
Total: 7,281.5 km (2014)
Narrowgauge: 3,853.5 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
Broadgauge: 3,428 km (2014) 1.676-m gauge (1,691 km electrified)

Roadways
Total: 77,801 km (2016)

Merchant marine
Total: 231
By type: bulk carrier 6, container ship 5, general cargo 58, oil tanker 14, other 148 (2021)

Ports and terminals
Major seaport: Coronel, Huasco, Lirquen, Puerto Ventanas, San Antonio, San Vicente, Valparaiso
Container ports teus: San Antonio (1,709,635), Valparaiso (898,715) (2019)
Lng terminals import: Mejillones, Quintero

Disputes international: Chile and Peru rebuff Bolivia's reactivated claim to restore the Atacama corridor, ceded to Chile in 1884, but Chile has offered instead unrestricted but not sovereign maritime access through Chile to Bolivian natural gas; Chile rejects Peru's unilateral legislation to change its latitudinal maritime boundary with Chile to an equidistance line with a southwestern axis favoring Peru; in October 2007, Peru took its maritime complaint with Chile to the ICJ; territorial claim in Antarctica (Chilean Antarctic Territory) partially overlaps Argentine and British claims; the joint boundary commission, established by Chile and Argentina in 2001, has yet to map and demarcate the delimited boundary in the inhospitable Andean Southern Ice Field (Campo de Hielo Sur)

Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees country of origin: 448,138 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum or have received alternative legal stay) (2020)

Illicit drugs: transshipment country for cocaine destined for Europe and the region; some money laundering activity, especially through the Iquique Free Trade Zone; imported precursors passed on to Bolivia; domestic cocaine consumption is rising, making Chile a significant consumer of cocaine