Map of Nigeria | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

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Background: Nigeria has been ruled by the military since 1983.


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Location

Geographic coordinates

Map reference

Area

Land boundaries:

Coastline: 853 km

Maritime claims
Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation
Extended economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 30 nm

Climate: varies - equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

Terrain: southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north

Elevation

Natural resources: crude oil, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, natural gas

Land use: 31% arable land; 3% permanent crops; 23% meadows and pastures; 15% forest and woodland; 28% other; includes NEGL% irrigated

Irrigated land

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography


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Population: 115,315,902 (July 1989), growth rate 3.0% (1989)

Nationality: noun - Nigerian(s; adjective - Nigerian

Ethnic groups: more than 250 tribal groups; Hausa and Fulani of the north, Yoruba of the southwest, and Ibos of the southeast make up 65% of the population; about 27,000 non-Africans

Languages: English (official; Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani, and several other languages also widely used

Religions: 50% Muslim, 40% Christian, 10% indigenous beliefs

Demographic profile

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate

Birth rate: 46 births/1000 population (1989)

Death rate: 17 deaths/1000 population (1989)

Net migration rate: 1 migrant/1000 population (1989)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: recent droughts in north severely affecting marginal agricultural activities; desertification; soil degradation

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 121 deaths/1000 live births (1989)

Life expectancy at birth: 47 years male, 49 years female (1989)

Total fertility rate: 6.5 children born/woman (1989)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: 25-30%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name: conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria

Government type: military government since 31 December 1983

Capital: Lagos

Administrative divisions: 21 states and 1 territory*; Abuja Capital Territory*, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bendel, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Gongola, Imo, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kwara, Lagos, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto

Dependent areas

Independence: 1 October 1960 (from UK)

National holiday: Independence Day, 1 October (1960)

Constitution: 1 October 1979, amended 9 February 1984

Legal system: based on English common law and Islamic and tribal law

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: none

Executive branch: Chief of State and Head of Government - President and Commander in Chief of Armed Forces Gen. Ibrahim BABANGIDA (since 27 August 1985)

Legislative branch: Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary Police Force

Judicial branch

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: AfDB, APC, CCC, Commonwealth, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IRC, ISO, ITC, ITU, IWC - International Wheat Council, Lake Chad Basin Commission, Niger River Commission, NAM, OAU, OPEC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us: Ambassador Hamzat AHMADU; Chancery at 2,201 M Street NW, Washington DC 20,037; telephone (202) 822-1500; there are Nigerian Consulates General in Atlanta, New York and San Francisco; US - Ambassador Princeton N. LYMAN; Embassy at 2 Eleke Crescent, Victoria Island, Lagos (mailing address is P. O. Box 554, Lagos; telephone Õ234å (1) 610,097; there is a US Consulate General in Kaduna

Flag description: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: In 1987 real GDP fell slightly as lower oil revenues and a poor harvest took their effect on the economy. Oil earnings, which account for only 16% of GDP but 95% of export earnings and 70% of government revenue, fell by about 7%. Agricultural production, generating 28% of GDP, decreased by at least 10% because of adverse rainfall patterns. Manufacturing rose an estimated 6% and contributed 12% to GDP. The government is continuing an economic adjustment program to reduce Nigeria's dependence on oil and to help create a basis for sustainable noninflationary growth.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate

Real gdp per capita

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: peanuts, cotton, cocoa, rubber, yams, cassava, sorghum, palm kernels, millet, corn, rice; livestock; an illegal producer of cannabis for the international drug trade

Industries: mining - crude oil, natural gas, coal, tin, columbite; primary processing industries - palm oil, peanut, cotton, rubber, petroleum, wood, hides and skins; manufacturing industries - textiles, cement, building materials, food products, footwear, chemical, printing, ceramics, steel

Industrial production growth rate: 5% (1987 est.)

Labor force:

Unemployment rate: 7.5% (1988 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $4.8 billion; expenditures $4.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.0 billion (1987)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $6.7 billion (f.o.b., 1987)
Commodities: oil 95%, cocoa, palm kernels, rubber
Partners: EC 51%, US 32%

Imports: $5.8 billion (c.i.f., 1987)
Commodities: consumer goods, capital equipment, chemicals, raw materials
Partners: EC, US

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $38.9 billion, medium and long-term debt (December 1988 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: naira (N) per US$1 - 5.0327 (November 1988), 4.0064 (1987), 1.3468 (1986), 0.8924 (1985)


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Electricity
Capacity: 4,707,000 kW capacity; 11,273 million kWh produced, 100 kWh per capita (1988)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures
Dollar figure: NA

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 86 total, 77 usable; 32 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m; 14 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 22 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Heliports

Pipelines: 2,042 km crude oil; 500 km natural gas; 3,000 km refined products

Railways

Roadways

Waterways: 8,575 km consisting of Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks

Merchant marine: 35 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 523,309 GRT/792,830 DWT; includes 26 cargo, 1 refrigerated, 1 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 6 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 1 chemical tanker

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international: exact locations of the Chad-Niger-Nigeria and Cameroon-Chad-Nigeria tripoints in Lake Chad have not been determined, so the boundary has not been demarcated and border incidents have resulted; Nigerian proposals to reopen maritime boundary negotiations and redemarcate the entire land boundary have been rejected by Cameroon

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs