Map of Bermuda | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

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Background: Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Bermuda has developed into highly successful offshore financial center.


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Location

Geographic coordinates

Map reference

Area

Land boundaries: none

Coastline: 103 km

Maritime claims
Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm

Climate: subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter

Terrain: low hills separated by fertile depressions

Elevation

Natural resources: limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism

Land use: arable land: 0%; permanent crops: 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 20%; other 80%

Irrigated land

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards

Geography
Note: defense is the responsibility of the UK


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Population: 58,433 (July 1991), growth rate 1.5% (1991)

Nationality: noun--Bermudian(s; adjective--Bermudian

Ethnic groups: black 61%, white and other 39%

Languages: English

Religions: Anglican 37%, Roman Catholic 14%, African Methodist Episcopal (Zion) 10%, Methodist 6%, Seventh-Day Adventist 5%, other 28%

Demographic profile

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate

Birth rate: 15 births/1000 population (1991)

Death rate: 7 deaths/1000 population (1991)

Net migration rate: 7 migrants/1000 population (1991)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; consists of about 360 small coral islands

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 12 deaths/1000 live births (1991)

Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 78 years female (1991)

Total fertility rate: 1.7 children born/woman (1991)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy: 98% (male 98%, female 99%) age 15 and over can read and write (1970)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name: conventional long form: none

Government type: dependent territory of the UK

Capital: Hamilton

Administrative divisions: 9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smiths, Southampton, Warwick

Dependent areas

Independence: none (dependent territory of the UK)

National holiday: Bermuda Day, 22 May

Constitution: 8 June 1968

Legal system: English law

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: universal at age 21

Executive branch: Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir Desmond LANGLEY (since NA October 1988; Head of Government--Premier John William David SWAN (since NA January 1982)

Legislative branch: Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Reserve Constabulary

Judicial branch: Supreme Court

Political parties and leaders

International organization participation: CARICOM (observer), ICFTU, IOC

Diplomatic representation
In the us: as a dependent territory of the UK, Bermuda's interests in the US are represented by the UK; US--Consul General L. Ebersole GAINES; Consulate General at Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire, Hamilton (mailing address is P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX, or FPO New York 9,560-5,300; telephone (809) 295-1342

Flag description: red with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and blue shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag Bermuda BermudaBermuda

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, having successfully exploited its location by providing luxury tourist facilities and financial services. The tourist industry attracts more than 90% of its business from North America. The industrial sector is small, and agriculture is severely limited by a lack of suitable land. About 80% of food needs are imported.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate

Real gdp per capita

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: accounts for less than 1% of GDP; most basic foods must be imported; produces bananas, vegetables, citrus fruits, flowers, dairy products

Industries: tourism, finance, structural concrete products, paints, pharmaceuticals, ship repairing

Industrial production growth rate: NA%

Labor force: 32,000; clerical 25%, services 22%, laborers 21%, professional and technical 13%, administrative and managerial 10%, sales 7%, agriculture and fishing 2% (1984)

Unemployment rate: 2.0% (1988)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget: revenues $307 million; expenditures $275 million, including capital expenditures of $31 million (FY90 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: 1 April-31 March

Inflation rate consumer prices

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $30 million (f.o.b., FY88)
Commodities: semitropical produce, light manufactures
Partners: US 25%, Italy 25%, UK 14%, Canada 5%, other 31%

Imports: $420 million (c.i.f., FY88)
Commodities: fuel, foodstuffs, machinery
Partners: US 58%, Netherlands Antilles 9%, UK 8%, Canada 6%, Japan 5%, other 14%

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: NA

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: Bermudian dollar (Bd$) per US$1--1.0000 (fixed rate)


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Electricity
Capacity: 154,000 kW capacity; 504 million kWh produced, 8,640 kWh per capita (1990)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones

Telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 1 with permanent-surface runways 2,440-3,659 m

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine: 84 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,826,756 GRT/6,932,981 DWT; includes 3 short-sea passenger, 8 cargo, 7 refrigerated cargo, 4 container, 8 roll-on/roll-off, 26 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 11 liquefied gas, 17 bulk; note--a flag of convenience registry

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs