Statistical information Moldova 1992
Moldova in the World
Moldova - Introduction 1992
top of pageBackground: Formerly ruled by Romania Moldova became part of the Soviet Union at the close of World War II. Although independent from the USSR since 1991 Russian forces have remained on Moldovan territory east of the Nistru (Dnister) River supporting the Slavic majority population (mostly Ukrainians and Russians) who have proclaimed a 'Transnistria' republic.
Moldova - Geography 1992
top of pageLocation
Geographic coordinates
Map reference
Area
Total: 33,700 km²
Land: 33,700 km²
Comparative: slightly more than twice the size of Hawaii
Land boundaries: 1,389 km; Romania 450 km, Ukraine 939 km
Coastline: none - landlocked
Maritime claims: none - landlocked
Disputes:
potential dispute with Ukraine over former southern
Bessarabian areas; northern Bukovina ceded to Ukraine upon Moldova's incorporation into USSR; internal with ethnic Russians in the Trans-Dnestr and Gagauz Muslims in the South
Bessarabian areas; northern Bukovina ceded to Ukraine upon Moldova's incorporation into USSR; internal with ethnic Russians in the Trans-Dnestr and Gagauz Muslims in the South
Climate: mild winters, warm summers
Terrain: rolling steppe, gradual slope south to Black Sea
Elevation
Natural resources: lignite, phosphorites, gypsum
Land use
Land use: NA% arable land; NA% permanent crops; NA% meadows and pastures; NA% forest and woodland; NA% other; includes NA% irrigated
Irrigated land
Major rivers
Major watersheds area km²
Total water withdrawal
Total renewable water resources
Natural hazards
Geography
Moldova - People 1992
top of pagePopulation: 4,458,435 (July 1992), growth rate 0.7% (1992)
Nationality: noun - Moldovan(s; adjective - Moldovan
Ethnic groups: Moldavian (Moldovan) 64.5%, Ukrainian 13.8%, Russian 13.0%, Gagauz 3.5%, Jews 1.5%, Bulgarian 2.0%, other 1.0% (1989 figures)
Languages: Romanian; (Moldovan official), Russian
Religions:
Eastern Orthodox 98.5%, Jewish 1.5%, Baptist only about 1,000 members, other 1.0%; note - almost all churchgoers are ethnic Moldovan; the
Slavic population are not churchgoers (1991 figures)
Slavic population are not churchgoers (1991 figures)
Demographic profile
Age structure
Age structure
Dependency ratios
Median age
Population growth rate
Birth rate: 19 births/1000 population (1992)
Death rate: 10 deaths/1000 population (1992)
Net migration rate: - 2 migrants/1000 population (1992)
Population distribution
Urbanization
Major urban areas
Environment
Current issues: NA
Air pollutants
Sex ratio
Mothers mean age at first birth
Maternal mortality ratio
Infant mortality rate: 35 deaths/1000 live births (1992)
Life expectancy at birth: 64 years male, 71 years female (1992)
Total fertility rate: 2.6 children born/woman (1992)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
Drinking water source
Current health expenditure
Physicians density
Hospital bed density
Sanitation facility access
Hiv/Aids
Major infectious diseases
Obesity adult prevalence rate
Alcohol consumption
Tobacco use
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
Education expenditures
Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write
School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Youth unemployment
Moldova - Government 1992
top of pageCountry name
Conventional long form: Republic of Moldova
Government type: republic
Capital: Chisinau (Kishinev)
Administrative divisions: previously divided into 40 rayons; now to be divided into 7-9 larger districts at some future point
Dependent areas
Independence:
27 August 1991 (from Soviet Union; formerly Soviet
Socialist Republic of Moldova)
Socialist Republic of Moldova)
National holiday: Independence Day, 27 August 1991
Constitution: formulating a new constitution; old constitution is still in effect but has been heavily amended during the past few years
Legal system: based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts; does not accept compulsory ICJ jurisdiction but accepts many UN and CSCE documents
International law organization participation
Citizenship
Suffrage: universal at age 18
Moldovan Supreme Soviet:
last held 25 February 1990; results - Moldovan
Popular Front 33%, Intermovement 34%, Communist Party 32%; seats - (366 total) Popular Front Club 35; Sovereignty Club 35; Club of Independent
Deputies 25; Agrarian Club 110; Club Bujak 15; Reality Club 25; Soviet
Moldova 80; remaining 41 seats probably belong to Onestr region deputies who usually boycott Moldovan legislative proceedings
Popular Front 33%, Intermovement 34%, Communist Party 32%; seats - (366 total) Popular Front Club 35; Sovereignty Club 35; Club of Independent
Deputies 25; Agrarian Club 110; Club Bujak 15; Reality Club 25; Soviet
Moldova 80; remaining 41 seats probably belong to Onestr region deputies who usually boycott Moldovan legislative proceedings
President: last held 8 December 1991; results - Mircea SNEGUR won 98.17% of vote
Executive branch: president, prime minister, Cabinet of Ministers
Legislative branch: Moldovan Supreme Soviet
Judicial branch: Supreme Court (highest civil court in Moldova)
Political parties and leaders
International organization participation: CSCE, UN
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador vacant
US:
Charge Howard Steers; Interim Chancery ;103 Strada Alexei Mateevich,
Kishinev (mailing address is APO AE 9,862); telephone 8-011-7-0422-23-28-94 at Hotel Seabeco in Kishinev
Kishinev (mailing address is APO AE 9,862); telephone 8-011-7-0422-23-28-94 at Hotel Seabeco in Kishinev
Diplomatic representation
Flag description: same color scheme as Romania - 3 equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; emblem in center of flag is of a Roman eagle carrying a cross in its beak and an olive branch in its claws
National symbols
National anthem
National heritage
Moldova - Economy 1992
top of pageEconomy overview:
Moldova, the next-to-smallest of the former Soviet republics in area, is the most densely inhabited. Moldova has a little more than 1% of the population, labor force, capital stock, and output of the former Soviet
Union. Living standards have been below average for the European USSR. The country enjoys a favorable climate, and economic development has been primarily based on agriculture, featuring fruits, vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Industry accounts for 20% of the labor force, whereas agriculture employs more than one-third. Moldova has no major mineral resources and has depended on the former Soviet republics for coal, oil, gas, steel, most electronic equipment, machine tools, and major consumer durables such as automobiles. Its industrial and agricultural products, in turn, have been exported to the other former Soviet republics. Moldova has freed prices on most goods and has legalized private ownership of property, including agricultural land. Moldova's economic prospects are dimmed by the difficulties of moving toward a market economy and the political problems of redefining ties to the other former Soviet republics and Romania.
Union. Living standards have been below average for the European USSR. The country enjoys a favorable climate, and economic development has been primarily based on agriculture, featuring fruits, vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Industry accounts for 20% of the labor force, whereas agriculture employs more than one-third. Moldova has no major mineral resources and has depended on the former Soviet republics for coal, oil, gas, steel, most electronic equipment, machine tools, and major consumer durables such as automobiles. Its industrial and agricultural products, in turn, have been exported to the other former Soviet republics. Moldova has freed prices on most goods and has legalized private ownership of property, including agricultural land. Moldova's economic prospects are dimmed by the difficulties of moving toward a market economy and the political problems of redefining ties to the other former Soviet republics and Romania.
GDP: NA; per capita NA; real growth rate - 12% (1991)
Real gdp purchasing power parity
Real gdp growth rate
Real gdp per capita
Gross national saving
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end use
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture products: Moldova's principal economic activity; products (shown in share of total output of the former Soviet republics): Grain (1.6%), sugarbeets (2.6%), sunflower seed (4.4%), vegetables (4.4%), fruits and berries (9.7%), grapes (20.1%), meat (1.7%), milk (1.4%), and eggs (1.4%)
Industries: key products (with share of total former Soviet output in parentheses where known): agricultural machinery, foundry equipment, refrigerators and freezers (2.7%), washing machines (5.0%), hosiery (2.0%), refined sugar (3.1%), vegetable oil (3.7%), canned food (8.6%), shoes, textiles
Industrial production growth rate: growth rate - 7% (1991)
Labor force: 2,095,000; agriculture 34.4%, industry 20.1%, other 45.5% (1985 figures)
Organized labor: NA
Labor force
Unemployment rate: NA%
Youth unemployment
Population below poverty line
Gini index
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Distribution of family income gini index
Budget: revenues $NA million; expenditures $NA million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (1992)
Taxes and other revenues
Public debt
Revenue
Fiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate consumer prices
Central bank discount rate
Commercial bank prime lending rate
Stock of narrow money
Stock of broad money
Stock of domestic credit
Market value of publicly traded shares
Current account balance
Exports: $400 million rubles (f.o.b., 1990)
Commodoties: foodstuffs, wine, tobacco, textiles and footwear, machinery, chemicals (1991)
Partners: NA
Imports: $1.9 billion rubles (c.i.f., 1990)
Commodoties: oil, gas, coal, steel machinery, foodstuffs, automobiles, and other consumer durables
Partners: NA
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Debt external
Stock of direct foreign investment at home
Stock of direct foreign investment abroad
Exchange rates
Moldova - Energy 1992
top of pageElectricity
Production: 3,000,000 kW capacity; 13,000 million kWh produced, 2,806 kWh per capita (1991)
Coal
Petroleum
Crude oil
Refined petroleum
Natural gas
Carbon dioxide emissions
Energy consumption per capita
Moldova - Communication 1992
top of pageTelephones
Telephone system
Broadcast media
Internet
Broadband fixed subscriptions
Moldova - Military 1992
top of pageMilitary expenditures
Percent of gdp: $NA, NA% of GDP
Military and security forces
Military service age and obligation
Space program
Terrorist groups
Moldova - Transportation 1992
top of pageNational air transport system
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
Airports: NA
Heliports
Pipelines: NA
Railways
Roadways
Waterways: NA km perennially navigable
Merchant marine: NA
Civil air: NA major transport aircraft
Ports and terminals
Moldova - Transnational issues 1992
top of pageDisputes international
Refugees and internally displaced persons
Illicit drugs: transshipment point for illicit drugs to Western Europe
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