Map of Monaco | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

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Background: Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then the principality's mild climate splendid scenery and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.


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Location: Western Europe bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France near the border with Italy

Geographic coordinates: 43 44 N 7 24 E

Map reference: Europe

Area
Comparative: about three times the size of The Mall in Washington DC

Land boundaries

Coastline: 4.1 km

Maritime claims

Climate: Mediterranean with mild wet winters and hot dry summers

Terrain: hilly rugged rocky

Elevation

Natural resources: none

Land use

Irrigated land: NA km²

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: NA

Geography
Note: second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban


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Population: 31,693 (July 2000 est.)
Growth rate: 0.48% (2000 est.)
Below poverty line: NA%

Nationality

Ethnic groups: French 47% Monegasque 16% Italian 16% other 21%

Languages: French (official) English Italian Monegasque

Religions: Roman Catholic 90%

Demographic profile

Age structure

Dependency ratios

Median age

Population growth rate: 0.48% (2000 est.)

Birth rate: 9.94 births/1000 population (2000 est.)

Death rate: 13.06 deaths/1000 population (2000 est.)

Net migration rate: 7.89 migrant(s)/1000 population (2000 est.)

Population distribution

Urbanization

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: NA

Air pollutants

Sex ratio

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate: 5.92 deaths/1000 live births (2000 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Total fertility rate: 1.76 children born/woman (2000 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures

Literacy

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name

Government type: constitutional monarchy

Capital: Monaco

Administrative divisions: none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government but there are four quarters (quartiers singular - quartier); Fontvieille La Condamine Monaco-Ville Monte-Carlo

Dependent areas

Independence: 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)

National holiday: National Day 19 November

Constitution: 17 December 1962

Legal system: based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal

Executive branch

Legislative branch: unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme judges named by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council

Political parties and leaders: National and Democratic Union or UND [Jean-Louis CAMPORA]

International organization participation: ACCT ECE IAEA ICAO ICRM IFRCS IHO IMO Inmarsat Intelsat Interpol IOC ITU OPCW OSCE UN UNCTAD UNESCO UPU WHO WIPO WMO

Diplomatic representation
In the us: Monaco does not have an embassy in the US
From the us: the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco

Flag description: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

National symbols

National anthem

National heritage


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Economy overview: Monaco situated on the French Mediterranean coast is a popular resort attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small high-value-added nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors including tobacco the telephone network and the postal service. Living standards are high roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.

Real gdp purchasing power parity

Real gdp growth rate: NA%

Real gdp per capita: purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.)

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Agriculture products: none

Industries: tourism construction small-scale industrial and consumer products

Industrial production growth rate: NA%

Labor force: 30,540 (January 1994)

Unemployment rate: 3.1% (1998)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line: NA%

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices: NA%

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $N/A; full customs integration with France which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Imports: $N/A; full customs integration with France which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $N/A

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: euros per US$1 - 0.9867 (January 2000) 0.9386 (1999); French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.65 (January 1999) 5.8995 (1998) 5.8367 (1997) 5.1155 (1996) 4.9915 (1995)


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Electricity
Production: NA kWh
Consumption: NA kWh
Exports: NA kWh
Imports: NA kWh

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones
Main lines in use: 31,027 (1995)
Mobile cellular: 2,560 (1994)

Telephone system: automatic telephone system

Broadcast media

Internet
Service providers isps: 4 (1999)

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: linked to airport in Nice France by helicopter service

Heliports: 1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice France and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille)

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways

Waterways

Merchant marine: none (1999 est.)

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs