Map of Guam | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

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Background: Guam was ceded to the US by Spain in 1898. Captured by the Japanese in 1941 it was retaken by the US three years later. The military installation on the island is one of the most strategically important US bases in the Pacific.


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Location: Oceania island in the North Pacific Ocean about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines

Geographic coordinates: 13 28 N 144 47 E

Map reference: Oceania

Area
Total: 544 km²
Land: 544 km²
Water: 0 km²
Comparative: three times the size of Washington DC

Land boundaries: 0 km

Coastline: 125.5 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Climate: tropical marine; generally warm and humid moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season (January to June) rainy season (July to December); little seasonal temperature variation

Terrain: volcanic origin surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water) with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north low hills in center mountains in south

Elevation
Extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Extremes highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m

Natural resources: aquatic wildlife (supporting tourism) fishing (largely undeveloped)

Land use
Arable land: 3.64%
Permanent crops: 18.18%
Other: 78.18% (2005)

Irrigated land: NA

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare but potentially destructive typhoons (June - December)

Geography
Note: largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean


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Population: 180,865 (July 2010 est.)
Growth rate: 1.346% (2010 est.)
Below poverty line: 23% (2001 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Guamanian
Adjective: Guamanian

Ethnic groups: Chamorro 37.1% Filipino 26.3% other Pacific islander 11.3% white 6.9% other Asian 6.3% other ethnic origin or race 2.3% mixed 9.8% (2000 census)

Languages: English 38.3% Chamorro 22.2% Philippine languages 22.2% other Pacific island languages 6.8% Asian languages 7% other languages 3.5% (2000 census)

Religions: Roman Catholic 85% other 15% (1999 est.)

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years: 27.8%
15-64 years: 65.2% (male 59,304/female 56,995)
65 years and over: 7% (male 5,786/female 6,790) (2010 est.)

Dependency ratios

Median age
Total: 29.3 years
Male: 28.9 years
Female: 29.7 years (2010 est.)

Population growth rate: 1.346% (2010 est.)

Birth rate: 18.1 births/1000 population (2010 est.)

Death rate: 4.64 deaths/1000 population (July 2010 est.)

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1000 population

Population distribution

Urbanization
Urban population: 93% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 1.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)

Major urban areas

Environment
Current issues: extirpation of native bird population by the rapid proliferation of the brown tree snake an exotic invasive species

Air pollutants

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.06 male/female
Under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female
Total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate
Total: 5.93 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 6.35 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 5.49 deaths/1000 live births (2010 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 78.18 years
Male: 75.14 years
Female: 81.41 years (2010 est.)

Total fertility rate: 2.52 children born/woman (2010 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: NA
People living with hivaids: NA
Deaths: NA

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures: NA

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 99%
Male: 99%
Female: 99% (1990 est.)

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education

Youth unemployment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Territory of Guam
Conventional short form: Guam
Local long form: Guahan
Local short form: Guahan

Government type: NA

Capital
Name: Hagatna
Geographic coordinates: 13 28 N 144 44 E
Time difference: UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington DC during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions: none (territory of the US)

Dependent areas

Independence: none (territory of the US)

National holiday: Discovery Day first Monday in March (1521)

Constitution: Organic Act of Guam 1 August 1950

Legal system: modeled on US; US federal laws apply

International law organization participation

Citizenship

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal; US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Barack H. OBAMA ; Vice President Joseph R. BIDEN (since 20 January 2009)
Head of government: Governor Eddie CALVO (since 3 January 2011); Lieutenant Governor Ray TENORIO (since 3 January 2011)
Cabinet: heads of executive departments; appointed by the governor with the consent of the Guam legislature
Elections: under the US Constitution residents of unincorporated territories such as Guam do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; however they may vote in Democratic and Republican presidential primary elections; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a four-year term (can serve two consecutive terms then must wait a full term before running again); election last held on 2 November 2010 (next to be held in November 2014)
Election results: Eddie CALVO elected governor; percent of vote - 50.6%; Ray TENORIO elected lieutenant governor

Legislative branch: unicameral Legislature (15 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms)
Elections: last held on 2 November 2010 (next to be held in November 2012)
Election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 9 Republican Party 6
Note: Guam elects one nonvoting delegate to the US House of Representatives; election last held on 2 November 2010 (next to be held in November 2012); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 1

Judicial branch: Federal District Court (judge is appointed by the president); Territorial Superior Court (judges appointed for eight-year terms by the governor)

Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party [Michael PHILLIPS]; Republican Party [Philip J. FLORES] (controls the legislature)

International organization participation: IOC SPC UPU

Diplomatic representation
In the us: none (territory of the US)
From the us: none (territory of the US)

Flag description: territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered pointed vertical ellipse containing a beach scene a proa or outrigger canoe with sail and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; the proa is sailing in Agana Bay with the promontory of Punta Dos Amantes near the capital in the background; blue represents the sea and red the blood shed in the struggle against oppression
Note: the US flag is the national flag

National symbols

National anthem
Name: 'Fanohge Chamoru'
Lyricsmusic: Ramon Manalisay SABLAN [English] Lagrimas UNTALAN [Chamoru]/Ramon Manalisay SABLAN
Note: adopted 1919; the local anthem is also known as 'Guam Hymn'; as a territory of the United States 'The Star-Spangled Banner' which generally follows the playing of 'Stand Ye Guamanians' is official (see United States)

National heritage


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Economy overview: The economy depends largely on US military spending and tourism. Total US grants wage payments and procurement outlays amounted to $1.3 billion in 2004. Over the past 30 years the tourist industry has grown to become the largest income source following national defense. The Guam economy continues to experience expansion in both its tourism and military sectors.

Real gdp purchasing power parity: $2.5 billion (2005 est.)

Real gdp growth rate: NA%

Real gdp per capita: $15,000 (2005 est.)

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: NA%
Industry: NA%
Services: NA%

Agriculture products: fruits copra vegetables; eggs pork poultry beef

Industries: US military tourism construction transshipment services concrete products printing and publishing food processing textiles

Industrial production growth rate: NA%

Labor force: 82,950 (2007 est.)
By occupation agriculture: 26%
By occupation industry: 10%
By occupation services: 64% (2004 est.)

Unemployment rate: 11.4% (2002 est.)

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line: 23% (2001 est.)

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: NA%
Highest 10: NA%

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget

Taxes and other revenues

Public debt

Revenue

Fiscal year

Inflation rate consumer prices: 2.5% (2005 est.)

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate

Stock of narrow money

Stock of broad money

Stock of domestic credit

Market value of publicly traded shares

Current account balance

Exports: $45 million (2004 est.)
Commodities: transshipments of refined petroleum products construction materials fish food and beverage products

Imports: $701 million (2004 est.)
Commodities: petroleum and petroleum products food manufactured goods

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Debt external: $NA

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates: the US dollar is used


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Electricity
Production: 1.767 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Consumption: 1.644 billion kWh (2007 est.)
Exports: 0 kWh (2008 est.)
Imports: 0 kWh (2008 est.)

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas
Production: 0 m³ (2008 est.)
Consumption: 0 m³ (2008 est.)
Exports: 0 m³ (2008 est.)
Imports: 0 m³ (2008 est.)
Proven reserves: 0 m³ (1 January 2010 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones
Main lines in use: 65,500 (2009)
Mobile cellular: 98,000 (2004)

Telephone system
General assessment: modern system integrated with US facilities for direct dialing including free use of 800 numbers
Domestic: digital system including mobile-cellular service and local access to the Internet
International: country code - 1-671; major landing point for submarine cables between Asia and the US (Guam is a trans-Pacific communications hub for major carriers linking the US and Asia); satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)

Broadcast media: about a dozen TV broadcast channels including digital channels; multi-channel cable TV services are available; roughly 20 radio stations broadcasting (2009)

Internet
Country code: .gu
Hosts: 24 (2010)
Users: 90,000 (2009)

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 5; note - 2 serviceable (2010)
With paved runways total: 4
With paved runways over 3047 m: 2
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 1
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 1 (2010)
With unpaved runways total: 1
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 1 (2010)

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways
Total: 1045 km

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals: Apra Harbor


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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs