Map of San Marino | Geography | People | Government | Economy | Energy | Communication
Military | Transportation | Transnational Issues | Year: Guide1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025 | More stats

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Background: Geographically the third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition it was founded by a Christian stonemason named MARINUS in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of the European Union although it is not a member; social and political trends in the republic track closely with those of its larger neighbor Italy.


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Location: Southern Europe an enclave in central Italy

Geographic coordinates: 43 46 N 12 25 E

Map reference: Europe

Area
Total: 61 km²
Land: 61 km²
Water: 0 km²
Rank: 229
Comparative: about one-third the size of Washington DC

Land boundaries
Total: 37 km
Border countries: (1) Italy 37 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm sunny summers

Terrain: rugged mountains

Elevation
Extremes lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
Extremes highest point: Monte Titano 755 m

Natural resources: building stone

Land use
Agricultural land: 16.7%
Forest: 0%
Other: 83.3%

Irrigated land: NA

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: NA

Geography
Note: landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennine Mountains


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Population: 33,020 (July 2015 est.)
Rank: 216
Growth rate: 0.82% (2015 est.)
Growth rate rank: 134
Below poverty line: NA%

Nationality
Noun: Sammarinese
Adjective: Sammarinese

Ethnic groups: Sammarinese Italian

Languages: Italian

Religions: Roman Catholic

Demographic profile

Age structure
0-14 years: 15.69%
15-24 years: 11.15%
25-54 years: 41.88%
55-64 years: 12.19%
65 years and over: 19.1% (2015 est.)

Dependency ratios

Median age
Total: 43.9 years
Male: 42.9 years
Female: 44.7 years

Population growth rate: 0.82% (2015 est.)
Rank: 134

Birth rate: 8.63 births/1000 population (2015 est.)
Rank: 215

Death rate: 8.45 deaths/1000 population (2015 est.)
Rank: 79

Net migration rate: 8.03 migrant(s)/1000 population (2015 est.)
Rank: 14

Population distribution

Urbanization
Urban population: 94.2% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 0.62% annual rate of change

Major urban areas
Population: SAN MARINO 4,000 (2014)

Environment
Current issues: air pollution; urbanization decreasing rural farmlands
International agreements party to: Biodiversity Climate Change Desertification Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: Air Pollution

Air pollutants

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.1 male/female
0-14 years: 1.14 male/female
15-24 years: 1.06 male/female
25-54 years: 0.89 male/female
55-64 years: 1 male/female
65 years and over: 0.81 male/female
Total population: 0.94 male/female

Mothers mean age at first birth

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate
Total: 4.45 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 4.65 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 4.24 deaths/1000 live births
Rank: 183

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 83.24 years
Male: 80.69 years
Female: 86.01 years
Rank: 5

Total fertility rate: 1.49 children born/woman (2015 est.)
Rank: 198

Contraceptive prevalence rate

Drinking water source

Current health expenditure

Physicians density: 5.1 physicians/1000 population (2013)

Hospital bed density: 3.8 beds/1000 population (2012)

Sanitation facility access

Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: NA
People living with hivaids: NA
Deaths: NA

Major infectious diseases

Obesity adult prevalence rate

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

Education expenditures: NA

Literacy

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 15 years
Male: 15 years
Female: 16 years

Youth unemployment


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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
Conventional short form: San Marino
Local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
Local short form: San Marino
Note: named after the traditional founder of the country Saint MARINUS

Government type: republic

Capital
Name: San Marino
Geographic coordinates: 43 56 N 12 25 E
Time difference: UTC+1
Daylight saving time: +1hr begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

Administrative divisions: 9 municipalities (castelli singular - castello); Acquaviva Borgo Maggiore Chiesanuova Domagnano Faetano Fiorentino Montegiardino San Marino Citta Serravalle

Dependent areas

Independence: 3 September 301 (traditional founding date)

National holiday: Founding of the Republic 3 September (A.D. 301)

Constitution: consists of several legislative instruments chief among them the Statutes (Leges Statuti) of 1600 and the Declaration of Citizen Rights of 1974; latter document amended 2000 2002 2005 (2015)

Legal system: civil law system with Italian civil law influences

International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of San Marino
Dual citizenship recognized: no
Residency requirement for naturalization: 30 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: co-chiefs of state Captain Regent Lorella STEFANELLI and Captain Regent Nicola RENZI
Head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Pasquale VALENTINI
Cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Grand and General Council
Electionsappointments: co-chiefs of state indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 6-month term; election last held in September 2015 (next to be held in March 2016); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs indirectly elected by the Grand and General Council for a single 5-year term; election last held on 11 November 2012 (next to be held by November 2017)
Election results: Lorella STEFANELLI and Nicola RENZI (AP) elected captains regent; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA; Pasquale VALENTINI (PDCS) elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of Grand and General Council vote - NA
Note: the directly elected parliament selects 2 of its members to serve as the captains regent (co-chiefs of state) for a 6-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State) which has 9 other members all are selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 9 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has some prime ministerial roles

Legislative branch
Description: unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale
Elections: last held on 11 November 2012
Election results: percent of vote by party - San Marino Common Good coalition 50.7% (including PDCS 29.5% PSD 14.3% AP 6.7%) Entente for the Country coalition (Intesa per Il Paese) 22.3% (including PS 12.1% UPR 8.4% USDM 1.7%) Active Citizenry coalition (Cittadinanza Attiva) 16.1% (including SU 9.1% Civic 10 6.7%) Civic Movement R.E.T.E. 6.3% For San Marino 2.8% San Marino 3.0 1.8%; seats by party - San Marino Common Good coalition 35 (PDCS 21 PSD 10 AP 4) Entente for the Country coalition 12 (PS 7 UPR 5) Active Citizenry 9 (SU 5 Civic 10 4) Civic Movement R.E.T.E. 4

Judicial branch
Highest court: Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII ; note - the College of Guarantors for the Constitutionality and General Norms functions as San Marino's constitutional court
Judge selection and term of office: judges elected by the Grand and General Council from among its own to serve 5-year terms
Subordinate courts: first instance and first appeal criminal administrative and civil courts; justices of the peace or conciliatory judges

Political parties and leaders:

International organization participation: CE FAO IAEA IBRD ICAO ICC (NGOs) ICCt ICRM IDA IFRCS ILO IMF IMO Interpol IOC IOM (observer) IPU ITU ITUC (NGOs) LAIA (observer) OPCW OSCE Schengen Convention (de facto member) UN UNCTAD UNESCO Union Latina UNWTO UPU WHO WIPO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Paolo RONDELLI
In the us chancery: 1711 N Street NW 2nd floor Washington DC 20,036
In the us telephone: 202-250-1535
In the us FAX: 202-223-2,748
From the us: the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino

Flag description: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the main colors derive from the shield of the coat of arms which features three white towers on three peaks on a blue field; the towers represent three castles built on San Marino's highest feature Mount Titano: Guaita Cesta and Montale; the coat of arms is flanked by a wreath below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty); the white and blue colors are also said to stand for peace and liberty respectively

National symbols: three peaks each displaying a tower; national colors: white blue

National anthem
Name: 'Inno Nazionale della Repubblica'
Lyrics and music: no lyrics/Federico CONSOLO
Note: adopted 1894; the music for the lyric-less anthem is based on a 10th century chorale piece

National heritage


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Economy overview: San Marino's economy relies heavily on tourism the banking industry and the manufacture and export of ceramics clothing fabrics furniture paints spirits tiles and wine. The manufacturing and financial sectors account for more than half of San Marino's GDP. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy. The economy benefits from foreign investment due to its relatively low corporate taxes and low taxes on interest earnings. The income tax rate is also very low about one-third the average EU level. San Marino does not issue public debt securities; when necessary it finances deficits by drawing down central bank deposits. San Marino's economy has been contracting since 2008 largely due to weakened demand from Italy - which accounts for nearly 90% of its export market - and financial sector consolidation. Difficulties in the banking sector the recent global economic downturn and the sizable decline in tax revenues have contributed to negative real GDP growth. The government has adopted measures to counter the economic downturn including subsidized credit to businesses and is seeking to shift its growth model away from a reliance on bank and tax secrecy. San Marino continues to work towards harmonizing its fiscal laws with EU and international standards. In September 2009 the OECD removed San Marino from its list of tax havens that have yet to fully adopt global tax standards and in 2010 San Marino signed Tax Information Exchange Agreements with most major countries. In 2013 San Marino's Government signed a Double Taxation Agreement with Italy but a referendum on EU membership failed to reach the quorum needed to bring it to a vote.

Real gdp purchasing power parity:
Note: data are in 2014 US dollars
Rank: 196

Real gdp growth rate:
Rank: 210

Real gdp per capita:
Rank: 14

Gross national saving

Gdp composition by end use
Exports of goods and services: 176.6%
Imports of goods and services: -153.3%

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 0.1%
Industry: 39.2%
Services: 60.7%

Agriculture products: wheat grapes corn olives; cattle pigs horses beef cheese hides

Industries: tourism banking textiles electronics ceramics cement wine

Industrial production growth rate: -1.1% (2012 est.)
Rank: 171

Labor force: 21,960 (September 2013 est.)
Rank: 212
By occupation agriculture: 0.2%
By occupation industry: 33.5%
By occupation services: 66.3%

Unemployment rate:
Rank: 99

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line: NA%

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: NA%
Highest 10: NA%

Distribution of family income gini index

Budget
Revenues: $667.7 million
Expenditures: $719.5 million
Surplus or deficit: -2.9% of GDP (2011 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 120

Taxes and other revenues: 37.4% of GDP (2011 est.)
Rank: 53

Public debt:
Rank: 142

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices:
Rank: 68

Central bank discount rate

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Rank: 134

Stock of narrow money:

Stock of broad money:

Stock of domestic credit:
Rank: 107

Market value of publicly traded shares: $N/A

Current account balance

Exports:
Rank: 123
Commodities: building stone lime wood chestnuts wheat wine baked goods hides ceramics
Partners: Italy 82.3% (2012 est.)

Imports:
Rank: 156
Commodities: wide variety of consumer manufactures food energy
Partners: Italy 81.8% (2012 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Rank: 154

Debt external: $N/A

Stock of direct foreign investment at home

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates:


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Electricity

Coal

Petroleum

Crude oil

Refined petroleum

Natural gas

Carbon dioxide emissions

Energy consumption per capita


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Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 18,600
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 57
Fixed lines rank: 186
Mobile cellular total: 37,600
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 115
Mobile cellular rank: 206

Telephone system
General assessment: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system
Domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity 170 telephones per 100 persons
International: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network

Broadcast media: state-owned public broadcaster operates 1 TV station and 3 radio stations; receives radio and TV broadcasts from Italy (2012)

Internet
Country code: .sm
Users total: 17,200
Users percent of population: 52.6%
Users rank: 202

Broadband fixed subscriptions


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Military expenditures

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation: 18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; no conscription; government has the authority to call up all San Marino citizens from 16-60 years of age to service in the military (2012)

Space program

Terrorist groups


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National air transport system

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

Heliports

Pipelines

Railways

Roadways
Total: 292 km
Paved: 292 km
Rank: 206

Waterways

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals


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Disputes international: none

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs