Statistical information Bangladesh 2016
Bangladesh in the World
Bangladesh - Introduction 2016
top of pageBackground:
Muslim conversions and settlement in the region now referred to as Bangladesh began in the 10th century primarily from Arab and Persian traders and preachers. Europeans established trading posts in the area in the 16th century. Eventually the area known as Bengal primarily Hindu in the western section and mostly Muslim in the eastern half became part of British India. Partition in 1947 resulted in an eastern wing of Pakistan in the Muslim-majority area which became East Pakistan. Calls for greater autonomy and animosity between the eastern and western wings of Pakistan led to a Bengali independence movement. That movement led by the Awami League (AL) and supported by India won the independence war for Bangladesh in 1971 during which at least 300,000 civilians died.
The post-independence AL government faced daunting challenges and in 1975 was overthrown by the military triggering a series of military coups that resulted in a military-backed government and subsequent creation of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) in 1978. That government also ended in a coup in 1981 followed by military-backed rule until democratic elections occurred in 1991. The BNP and AL alternated in power between 1991 and 2013 with the exception of a military-backed emergency caretaker regime that suspended parliamentary elections planned for January 2007 in an effort to reform the political system and root out corruption. That government returned the country to fully democratic rule in December 2008 with the election of the AL and Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA. In January 2014 the incumbent AL won the national election by an overwhelming majority after the BNP boycotted extending HASINA's term as prime minister. With the help of international development assistance Bangladesh has reduced the poverty rate from over half of the population to less than a third achieved Millennium Development Goals for maternal and child health and made great progress in food security since independence. The economy has grown at an annual average of about 6% over the last two decades and the country reached World Bank lower-middle income status in 2015.
The post-independence AL government faced daunting challenges and in 1975 was overthrown by the military triggering a series of military coups that resulted in a military-backed government and subsequent creation of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) in 1978. That government also ended in a coup in 1981 followed by military-backed rule until democratic elections occurred in 1991. The BNP and AL alternated in power between 1991 and 2013 with the exception of a military-backed emergency caretaker regime that suspended parliamentary elections planned for January 2007 in an effort to reform the political system and root out corruption. That government returned the country to fully democratic rule in December 2008 with the election of the AL and Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA. In January 2014 the incumbent AL won the national election by an overwhelming majority after the BNP boycotted extending HASINA's term as prime minister. With the help of international development assistance Bangladesh has reduced the poverty rate from over half of the population to less than a third achieved Millennium Development Goals for maternal and child health and made great progress in food security since independence. The economy has grown at an annual average of about 6% over the last two decades and the country reached World Bank lower-middle income status in 2015.
Bangladesh - Geography 2016
top of pageLocation: Southern Asia bordering the Bay of Bengal between Burma and India
Geographic coordinates: 24 00 N 90 00 E
Map reference: Asia
Area
Total: 148,460 km²
Land: 130,170 km²
Water: 18,290 km²
Rank: 95
Comparative: slightly smaller than Iowa
Land boundaries
Total: 4,413 km
Border countries: (2) Burma 271 km; India 4,142 km
Coastline: 580 km
Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Contiguous zone: 18 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: to the outer limits of the continental margin
Climate: tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot humid summer (March to June); humid warm rainy monsoon (June to October)
Terrain: mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast
Elevation
Mean elevation: 85 m
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m: highest point: Keokradong 1230 m
Natural resources: natural gas arable land: timber coal
Land use
Land use
Agricultural land: 70.1%
arable land: 59%
permanent crops: 6.5%
permanent pasture: 4.6%
permanent crops: 6.5%
permanent pasture: 4.6%
Forest: 11.1%
Other: 18.8%
Irrigated land: 53,000 km² (2012)
Major rivers
Major watersheds area km²
Total water withdrawal
Total renewable water resources
Natural hazards: droughts; cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season
Geography
Note: most of the country is situated on deltas of large rivers flowing from the Himalayas: the Ganges unites with the Jamuna (main channel of the Brahmaputra) and later joins the Meghna to eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal
Bangladesh - People 2016
top of pagePopulation: 156,186,882 (July 2016 est.)
Rank: 9
Growth rate: 1.05% (2016 est.)
Growth rate rank: 112
Below poverty line: 31.5% (2010 est.)
Nationality
Noun: Bangladeshi
Adjective: Bangladeshi
Ethnic groups: Bengali at least 98% ethnic groups 1.1%
Note: Bangladesh's government recognizes 27 ethnic groups under the 2010 Cultural Institution for Small Anthropological Groups Act; other sources estimate there are about 75 ethnic groups; critics of the 2011 census claim that it underestimates the size of Bangladesh's ethnic population
Languages: Bangla 98.8% (official also known as Bengali) other 1.2% (2011 est.)
Religions: Muslim 89.1% Hindu 10% other 0.9% (includes Buddhist Christian) (2013 est.)
Demographic profile
Age structure
Age structure
0-14 years: 28.27%
15-24 years: 19.53%
25-54 years: 39.39%
55-64 years: 6.77%
65 years and over: 6.04% (2016 est.)
Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 52.5%
Youth dependency ratio: 44.9%
Elderly dependency ratio: 7.6%
Potential support ratio: 13.2%
Median age
Total: 26.3 years
Male: 25.6 years
Female: 26.9 years
Rank: 147
Population growth rate: 1.05% (2016 est.)
Rank: 112
Birth rate: 19 births/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 89
Death rate: 5.3 deaths/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 179
Net migration rate: -3.1 migrant(s)/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 180
Population distribution
Urbanization
Urban population: 34.3% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 3.55% annual rate of change
Major urban areas
Population: DHAKA (capital) 17.598 million; Chittagong 4.539 million; Khulna 1.022 million; Rajshahi 844,000 (2015)
Environment
Current issues: many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; waterborne diseases prevalent in surface water; water pollution especially of fishing areas results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation
International agreements party to: Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification Endangered Species Environmental Modification Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution Wetlands
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants
Sex ratio
At birth: 1.04 male/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male/female
15-24 years: 1 male/female
25-54 years: 0.93 male/female
55-64 years: 0.98 male/female
65 years and over: 0.97 male/female
Total population: 0.97 male/female
Mothers mean age at first birth: 18.5
Note: median age at first birth among women 25-29
Maternal mortality ratio
Infant mortality rate
Total: 32.9 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 35.2 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 30.4 deaths/1000 live births
Rank: 61
Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 73.2 years
Male: 71 years
Female: 75.4 years
Rank: 133
Total fertility rate: 2.19 children born/woman (2016 est.)
Rank: 98
Contraceptive prevalence rate: 61.2% (2011)
Drinking water source:
urban: 86.5% of population
rural: 87% of population
total: 86.9% of population
urban: 13.5% of population
rural: 13% of population
total: 13.1% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 87% of population
total: 86.9% of population
urban: 13.5% of population
rural: 13% of population
total: 13.1% of population (2015 est.)
Current health expenditure
Physicians density: 0.36 physicians/1000 population (2011)
Hospital bed density: 0.6 beds/1000 population (2011)
Sanitation facility access:
urban: 57.7% of population
rural: 62.1% of population
total: 60.6% of population
urban: 42.3% of population
rural: 37.9% of population
total: 39.4% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 62.1% of population
total: 60.6% of population
urban: 42.3% of population
rural: 37.9% of population
total: 39.4% of population (2015 est.)
Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: 0.01% (2015 est.)
Adult prevalence rate rank: 130
People living with hivaids: 9,600 (2015 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 96
Deaths: 900 (2015 est.)
Deaths rank: 75
Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea hepatitis A and E and typhoid fever
Vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria are high risks in some locations
Water contact disease: leptospirosis
Animal contact disease: rabies
Obesity adult prevalence rate: 3.3% (2014)
Rank: 190
Alcohol consumption
Tobacco use
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 32.6% (2014)
Rank: 5
Education expenditures: 2% of GDP (2013)
Rank: 161
Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 61.5%
Male: 64.6%
Female: 58.5%
School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 10 years
Male: 10 years
Female: 10 years
Youth unemployment
Bangladesh - Government 2016
top of pageCountry name
Conventional long form: People's Republic of Bangladesh
Conventional short form: Bangladesh
Local long form: Gana Prajatantri Bangladesh
Local short form: Bangladesh
Former: East Bengal East Pakistan
Etymology: the name - a compound of the Bengali words 'Bangla' and 'desh' (country) - means 'Country of Bengal'
Government type: parliamentary republic
Capital
Name: Dhaka
Geographic coordinates: 23 43 N 90 24 E
Time difference: UTC+6
Administrative divisions: 8 divisions; Barisal Chittagong Dhaka Khulna Mymensingh Rajshahi Rangpur Sylhet
Dependent areas
Independence: 16 December 1971 (from West Pakistan)
National holiday: Independence Day 26 March (1971); Victory Day 16 December (1971); note - 26 March 1971 is the date of the Awami League's declaration of an independent Bangladesh and 16 December known as Victory Day memorializes the military victory over Pakistan and the official creation of the state of Bangladesh
Constitution: previous 1935 1956 1962 (preindependence); latest enacted 4 November 1972 effective 16 December 1972 suspended March 1982 restored November 1986; amended many times last in 2014 (2016)
Legal system: mixed legal system of mostly English common law and Islamic law
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bangladesh
Dual citizenship recognized: yes but limited to select countries
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
Chief of state: President Abdul HAMID ; note - Abdul HAMID served as acting president following the death of Zillur RAHMAN in March 2013; HAMID was subsequently indirectly elected by the National Parliament and sworn in 24 April 2013
Head of government: Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA
Cabinet: Cabinet selected by the prime minister appointed by the president
Electionsappointments: president indirectly elected by the National Parliament for a 5-year term ; election last held on 22 April 2013 (next to be held by 2018); the president appoints as prime minister the majority party leader in the National Parliament
Election results: President Abdul HAMID elected by the National Parliament unopposed; Sheikh HASINA reappointed prime minister as leader of the majority AL party
Legislative branch
Description: unicameral House of the Nation or Jatiya Sangsad
Elections: last held on 5 January 2014 ; note - the 5 January 2014 poll was marred by widespread violence boycotts general strikes and low voter turnout
Election results: percent of vote by party - AL-led Alliance 79% JP 11.3% WP 2.1% JSD 1.8% other parties 1.0% independent 4.8%; seats by party - AL 234 JP 34 WP 6 JSD 5 other 5 independent 15; 1 seat repolled
Judicial branch
Highest court: Supreme Court of Bangladesh
Judge selection and term of office: chief justice and justices appointed by the president; justices serve until retirement at age 67
Subordinate courts: subordinate courts: civil courts include: Assistant Judge's Court; Joint District Judge's Court; Additional District Judge's Court; District Judge's Court; criminal courts include: Court of Sessions; Court of Metropolitan Sessions; Metropolitan Magistrate Courts; Magistrate Court; special courts/tribunals
Political parties and leaders: Workers Party or WP [Rashed Khan MENON]
International organization participation: ADB ARF BIMSTEC C CD CICA (observer) CP D-8 FAO G-77 IAEA IBRD ICAO ICC (national committees) ICRM IDA IDB IFAD IFC IFRCS IHO ILO IMF IMO IMSO Interpol IOC IOM IPU ISO ITSO ITU ITUC (NGOs) MIGA MINURSO MINUSMA MONUSCO NAM OIC OPCW PCA SAARC SACEP UN UNAMID UNCTAD UNESCO UNHCR UNIDO UNIFIL UNMIL UNMISS UNOCI UNWTO UPU WCO WFTU (NGOs) WHO WIPO WMO WTO
Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Mohammad ZIAUDDIN
In the us chancery: 3,510 International Drive NW Washington DC 20,008
In the us telephone: [1] 244-0183
In the us FAX: [1] 244-2,771
In the us consulate general: Los Angeles New York
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Marcia BERNICAT
From the us embassy: Madani Avenue Baridhara Dhaka 1212
From the us mailing address: G. P. O. Box 323 Dhaka 1000
From the us telephone: [880] 5,566-2000
From the us FAX: [880] 5,566-2,915
Flag description: green field with a large red disk shifted slightly to the hoist side of center; the red disk represents the rising sun and the sacrifice to achieve independence; the green field symbolizes the lush vegetation of Bangladesh
National symbols: Bengal tiger water lily; national colors: green red
National anthem
Name: 'Amar Shonar Bangla'
Lyrics and music: Rabindranath TAGORE
Note: adopted 1971; Rabindranath TAGORE a Nobel laureate also wrote India's national anthem
National heritage
Bangladesh - Economy 2016
top of pageEconomy overview:
Bangladesh's economy has grown roughly 6% per year since 1996 despite political instability poor infrastructure corruption insufficient power supplies slow implementation of economic reforms and the 2008-09 global financial crisis and recession. Although more than half of GDP is generated through the services sector almost half of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector with rice as the single-most-important product.
Garment exports the backbone of Bangladesh's industrial sector accounted for more than 80% of total exports and surpassed $25 billion in 2015. The sector continues to grow despite a series of factory accidents that have killed more than 1000 workers and crippling strikes including a nationwide transportation blockade implemented by the political opposition during the first several months of 2015. Steady garment export growth combined with remittances from overseas Bangladeshis - which totaled about $15 billion and 8% of GDP in 2015 - are the largest contributors to Bangladesh's sustained economic growth and rising foreign exchange reserves.
Garment exports the backbone of Bangladesh's industrial sector accounted for more than 80% of total exports and surpassed $25 billion in 2015. The sector continues to grow despite a series of factory accidents that have killed more than 1000 workers and crippling strikes including a nationwide transportation blockade implemented by the political opposition during the first several months of 2015. Steady garment export growth combined with remittances from overseas Bangladeshis - which totaled about $15 billion and 8% of GDP in 2015 - are the largest contributors to Bangladesh's sustained economic growth and rising foreign exchange reserves.
Real gdp purchasing power parity:
$577 billion (2015 est.)
$536.5 billion (2014 est.)
$496.6 billion (2013 est.)
$536.5 billion (2014 est.)
$496.6 billion (2013 est.)
Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 35
Real gdp growth rate:
6.4% (2015 est.)
6.3% (2014 est.)
6% (2013 est.)
6.3% (2014 est.)
6% (2013 est.)
Rank: 18
Real gdp per capita:
$3,600 (2015 est.)
$3,400 (2014 est.)
$3,300 (2013 est.)
$3,400 (2014 est.)
$3,300 (2013 est.)
Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 179
Gross national saving:
26.7% of GDP (2015 est.)
25.8% of GDP (2014 est.)
26.2% of GDP (2013 est.)
25.8% of GDP (2014 est.)
26.2% of GDP (2013 est.)
Rank: 34
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 72.4%
Government consumption: 5.4%
Investment in fixed capital: 28.9%
Investment in inventories: 0.7%
Exports of goods and services: 17.3%
Imports of goods and services: -24.7%
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 15.5%
Industry: 28.1%
Services: 56.3%
Agriculture products: rice jute tea wheat sugarcane potatoes tobacco pulses oilseeds spices fruit; beef milk poultry
Industries: jute cotton garments paper leather fertilizer iron and steel cement petroleum products tobacco pharmaceuticals ceramics tea salt sugar edible oils soap and detergent fabricated metal products electricity natural gas
Industrial production growth rate: 9.7% (2015 est.)
Rank: 12
Labor force: 81.95 million
Note: extensive export of labor to Saudi Arabia Kuwait UAE Oman Qatar and Malaysia; workers' remittances were $15 billion in 2015 8% of GDP
Rank: 7
By occupation agriculture: 47%
By occupation industry: 13%
By occupation services: 40%
Labor force
Unemployment rate:
4.9% (2015 est.)
5% (2014 est.)
5% (2014 est.)
Note: about 40% of the population is underemployed; many persons counted as employed work only a few hours a week and at low wages
Rank: 49
Youth unemployment
Population below poverty line: 31.5% (2010 est.)
Gini index
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 4%
Highest 10: 27%
Distribution of family income gini index:
32.1 (2010)
33.6 (1996)
33.6 (1996)
Rank: 110
Budget
Revenues: $20.96 billion
Expenditures: $30.75 billion
Surplus or deficit: -4.8% of GDP (2015 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 157
Taxes and other revenues: 10.4% of GDP (2015 est.)
Rank: 212
Public debt:
31.9% of GDP (2015 est.)
27.3% of GDP (2014 est.)
27.3% of GDP (2014 est.)
Rank: 138
Revenue
Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
Inflation rate consumer prices:
6.2% (2015 est.)
7% (2014 est.)
7% (2014 est.)
Rank: 189
Central bank discount rate:
5% (31 December 2010)
5% (31 December 2009)
5% (31 December 2009)
Rank: 78
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
11.71% (31 December 2015 est.)
12.95% (31 December 2014 est.)
12.95% (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 67
Stock of narrow money:
$21.44 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$18.99 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$18.99 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 64
Stock of broad money:
$107.5 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$95.2 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$95.2 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 53
Stock of domestic credit:
$113 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$103 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$103 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 51
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$50.98 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$41.73 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$23.55 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
$41.73 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$23.55 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Rank: 51
Current account balance:
-$2.176 billion (2015 est.)
-$120 million (2014 est.)
-$120 million (2014 est.)
Rank: 35
Exports:
$31.74 billion (2015 est.)
$29.92 billion (2014 est.)
$29.92 billion (2014 est.)
Rank: 62
Commodities: garments knitwear agricultural products frozen food (fish and seafood) jute and jute goods leather
Partners: US 13.9% Germany 12.9% UK 8.9% France 5% Spain 4.7% (2015)
Imports:
$37.63 billion (2015 est.)
$37.41 billion (2014 est.)
$37.41 billion (2014 est.)
Rank: 57
Commodities: cotton machinery and equipment chemicals iron and steel foodstuffs
Partners: China 22.4% India 14.1% Singapore 5.2% (2015)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$27.49 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$22.31 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$22.31 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 51
Debt external:
$35.49 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$34.93 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$34.93 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 71
Stock of direct foreign investment at home:
$12.91 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$10.03 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$10.03 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 89
Stock of direct foreign investment abroad:
$188 million (31 December 2015 est.)
$159 million (31 December 2014 est.)
$159 million (31 December 2014 est.)
Rank: 94
Exchange rates:
taka (BDT) per US dollar -
77.947 (2015 est.)
77.641 (2014 est.)
77.614 (2013 est.)
81.86 (2012 est.)
74.152 (2011 est.)
77.947 (2015 est.)
77.641 (2014 est.)
77.614 (2013 est.)
81.86 (2012 est.)
74.152 (2011 est.)
Bangladesh - Energy 2016
top of pageElectricity
Access population without electricity: 60,300,000
Access electrification total population: 60%
Access electrification urban areas: 90%
Access electrification rural areas: 49%
Production: 53 billion kWh (2014 est.)
Production rank: 56
Consumption: 46 billion kWh (2014 est.)
Consumption rank: 55
Exports: 0 kWh (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 107
Imports: 0 kWh (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 122
Installed generating capacity: 8.6 million kW (2014 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 70
Generation sources fossil fuels: 97.7% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 56
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 51
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 2.3% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 136
Generation sources other renewable sources: 0% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 158
Coal
Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 4,000 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 85
Crude oil exports: 313 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 88
Crude oil imports: 23,660 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 65
Crude oil proven reserves: 28 million bbl (1 January 2016 es)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 83
Crude oil
Refined petroleum
Products production: 27,930 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products production rank: 89
Products consumption: 109,000 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products consumption rank: 76
Products exports: 2,567 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products exports rank: 102
Products imports: 77,730 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products imports rank: 58
Natural gas
Production: 23.9 billion m³ (2014 est.)
Production rank: 28
Consumption: 23.9 billion m³ (2014 est.)
Consumption rank: 34
Exports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 64
Imports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 163
Proven reserves: 233 billion m³ (1 January 2016 es)
Proven reserves rank: 42
Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 66 million Mt (2013 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 53
Energy consumption per capita
Bangladesh - Communication 2016
top of pageTelephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 830,800
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1
Fixed lines rank: 74
Mobile cellular total: 133.72 million
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 79
Mobile cellular rank: 12
Telephone system
General assessment: inadequate for a modern country; introducing digital systems; trunk systems include VHF and UHF microwave radio relay links and some fiber-optic cable in cities
Domestic: fixed-line teledensity remains only about 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone subscribership has been increasing rapidly and now approaches 80 telephones per 100 persons
International: country code - 880; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-4 fiber-optic submarine cable system that provides links to Europe the Middle East and Asia; satellite earth stations - 6; international radiotelephone communications and landline service to neighboring countries
Broadcast media: state-owned Bangladesh Television (BTV) operates 1 terrestrial TV station 3 radio networks and about 10 local stations; 8 private satellite TV stations and 3 private radio stations also broadcasting; foreign satellite TV stations are gaining audience share in the large cities; several international radio broadcasters are available (2007)
Internet
Country code: .bd
Users total: 24.33 million
Users percent of population: 14.4%
Users rank: 42
Broadband fixed subscriptions
Bangladesh - Military 2016
top of pageMilitary expenditures:
1.09% of GDP (2014)
1.15% of GDP (2013)
1.35% of GDP (2012)
1.44% of GDP (2011)
1.35% of GDP (2010)
1.15% of GDP (2013)
1.35% of GDP (2012)
1.44% of GDP (2011)
1.35% of GDP (2010)
Rank: 86
Military and security forces
Military service age and obligation: 16-19 years of age for voluntary military service; Bangladeshi birth and 10th grade education required; initial obligation 15 years (2012)
Space program
Terrorist groups
Bangladesh - Transportation 2016
top of pageNational air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 6
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 30
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 2,906,799
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 182,692,553 mt-km
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: S2 (2016)
Airports: 18 (2013)
Rank: 139
With paved runways total: 16
With paved runways over 3047 m: 2
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 2
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 6
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 1
With paved runways under 914 m: 5
With unpaved runways total: 2
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 1
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 1
Heliports: 3 (2013)
Pipelines: gas 2,950 km (2013)
Railways
Total: 2,460 km
Broad gauge: 659 km 1.676-m gauge
Narrow gauge: 1801 km 1.000-m gauge
Rank: 65
Roadways
Total: 21,269 km
Paved: 2021 km
Unpaved: 19,248 km
Rank: 106
Waterways: 8,370 km (includes up to 3,060 km of main cargo routes; network reduced to 5,200 km in the dry season) (2011)
Rank: 16
Merchant marine
Total: 62
By type: bulk carrier 25 cargo 28 chemical tanker 1 container 5 petroleum tanker 3
Foreign owned: 8
Registered in other countries: 10 (2010)
Rank: 64
Ports and terminals
Major seaport: Chittagong
River port: Mongla Port
Container port: Chittagong (2011)
Bangladesh - Transnational issues 2016
top of pageDisputes international: Bangladesh referred its maritime boundary claims with Burma and India to the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea; Indian Prime Minister Singh's September 2011 visit to Bangladesh resulted in the signing of a Protocol to the 1974 Land Boundary Agreement between India and Bangladesh which had called for the settlement of longstanding boundary disputes over undemarcated areas and the exchange of territorial enclaves but which had never been implemented; Bangladesh struggles to accommodate 32,000 Rohingya Burmese Muslim minority from Arakan State living as refugees in Cox's Bazar; Burmese border authorities are constructing a 200 km (124 mi) wire fence designed to deter illegal cross-border transit and tensions from the military build-up along border
Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees: 231,948 (Burma) (2015)
IDPs: 426,000 (2015)
Illicit drugs: transit country for illegal drugs produced in neighboring countries
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