Statistical information Cambodia 2016

Cambodia in the World

Cambodia - Introduction 2016

Most Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers descendants of the Angkor Empire that extended over much of Southeast Asia and reached its zenith between the 10th and 13th centuries. Attacks by the Thai and Cham (from present-day Vietnam) weakened the empire ushering in a long period of decline. The king placed the country under French protection in 1863 and it became part of French Indochina in 1887. Following Japanese occupation in World War II Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953. In April 1975 after a seven-year struggle communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns. At least 1.5 million Cambodians died from execution forced hardships or starvation during the Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT. A December 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation and touched off almost 13 years of civil war.
The 1991 Paris Peace Accords mandated democratic elections and a cease-fire which was not fully respected by the Khmer Rouge. UN-sponsored elections in 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy under a coalition government. Factional fighting in 1997 ended the first coalition government but a second round of national elections in 1998 led to the formation of another coalition government and renewed political stability. The remaining elements of the Khmer Rouge surrendered in early 1999. Some of the surviving Khmer Rouge leaders have been tried or are awaiting trial for crimes against humanity by a hybrid UN-Cambodian tribunal supported by international assistance. Elections in July 2003 were relatively peaceful but it took one year of negotiations between contending political parties before a coalition government was formed. In October 2004 King Norodom SIHANOUK abdicated the throne and his son Prince Norodom SIHAMONI was selected to succeed him. The most recent local (Commune Council) elections were held in Cambodia in 2012 with little of the preelection violence that preceded prior elections. National elections in July 2013 were disputed with the opposition - the Cambodian National Rescue Party (CNRP) - boycotting the National Assembly. The political impasse was ended nearly a year later with the CNRP agreeing to enter parliament in exchange for ruling party commitments to electoral and legislative reforms.

Cambodia - Geography 2016

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Location: Southeastern Asia bordering the Gulf of Thailand between Thailand Vietnam and Laos

Geographic coordinates: 13 00 N 105 00 E

Map reference: Southeast Asia

Area
Total: 181,035 km²
Land: 176,515 km²
Water: 4,520 km²
Rank: 90
Comparative: slightly smaller than Oklahoma

Land boundaries
Total: 2,530 km
Border countries: (3) Laos 555 km; Thailand 817 km; Vietnam 1158 km

Coastline: 443 km

Maritime claims
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Continental shelf: 200 nm

Climate: tropical; rainy monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation

Terrain: mostly low flat plains; mountains in southwest and north

Elevation
Mean elevation: 126 m
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Gulf of Thailand 0 m: highest point: Phnum Aoral 1810 m

Natural resources: oil and gas timber gemstones iron ore manganese phosphates hydropower potential arable land

Land use

Land use
Agricultural land: 32.1%

arable land: 22.7%
permanent crops: 0.9%
permanent pasture: 8.5%

Forest: 56.5%
Other: 11.4%

Irrigated land: 3,540 km² (2012)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: monsoonal rains (June to November); flooding; occasional droughts

Geography
Note: a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap (Southeast Asia's largest freshwater lake)

Cambodia - People 2016

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Population: 15,957,223
Note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy higher infant mortality higher death rates lower population growth rates and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
Rank: 69
Growth rate: 1.56% (2016 est.)
Growth rate rank: 74
Below poverty line: 17.7% (2012 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Cambodian
Adjective: Cambodian

Ethnic groups: Khmer 97.6% Cham 1.2% Chinese 0.1% Vietnamese 0.1% other 0.9% (2013 est.)

Languages: Khmer (official) 96.3% other 3.7% (2008 est.)

Religions: Buddhist (official) 96.9% Muslim 1.9% Christian 0.4% other 0.8% (2008 est.)

Demographic profile

Age structure

Age structure
0-14 years: 31.24%
15-24 years: 19.02%
25-54 years: 40.18%
55-64 years: 5.43%
65 years and over: 4.14% (2016 est.)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 55.6%
Youth dependency ratio: 49.2%
Elderly dependency ratio: 6.4%
Potential support ratio: 15.6%

Median age
Total: 24.9 years
Male: 24.2 years
Female: 25.6 years
Rank: 156

Population growth rate: 1.56% (2016 est.)
Rank: 74

Birth rate: 23.4 births/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 66

Death rate: 7.6 deaths/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 109

Net migration rate: -0.3 migrant(s)/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 119

Population distribution

Urbanization
Urban population: 20.7% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 2.65% annual rate of change

Major urban areas
Population: PHNOM PENH (capital) 1.731 million (2015)

Environment
Current issues: illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining for gems in the western region along the border with Thailand have resulted in habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; in rural areas most of the population does not have access to potable water; declining fish stocks because of illegal fishing and overfishing
International agreements party to: Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes Marine Life Conservation Ozone Layer Protection Ship Pollution Tropical Timber 94 Wetlands Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: Law of the Sea

Air pollutants

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.05 male/female
0-14 years: 1.02 male/female
15-24 years: 0.98 male/female
25-54 years: 0.96 male/female
55-64 years: 0.65 male/female
65 years and over: 0.6 male/female
Total population: 0.94 male/female

Mothers mean age at first birth: 22.9
Note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate
Total: 48.7 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 55.2 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 41.9 deaths/1000 live births
Rank: 36

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 64.5 years
Male: 62 years
Female: 67.1 years
Rank: 181

Total fertility rate: 2.56 children born/woman (2016 est.)
Rank: 75

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 50.5% (2010/11)

Drinking water source:

urban: 100% of population
rural: 69.1% of population
total: 75.5% of population
urban: 0% of population
rural: 30.9% of population
total: 24.5% of population (2015 est.)

Current health expenditure

Physicians density: 0.17 physicians/1000 population (2012)

Hospital bed density: 0.7 beds/1000 population (2011)

Sanitation facility access:

urban: 88.1% of population
rural: 30.5% of population
total: 42.4% of population
urban: 11.9% of population
rural: 69.5% of population
total: 57.6% of population (2015 est.)

Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: 0.63% (2015 est.)
Adult prevalence rate rank: 59
People living with hivaids: 74,100 (2015 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 49
Deaths: 2000 (2015 est.)
Deaths rank: 49

Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: very high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea hepatitis A and typhoid fever
Vectorborne diseases: dengue fever Japanese encephalitis and malaria

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 2.9% (2014)
Rank: 183

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 23.9% (2014)
Rank: 18

Education expenditures: 2% of GDP (2013)
Rank: 152

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 77.2%
Male: 84.5%
Female: 70.5%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 11 years
Male: 11 years
Female: 10 years

Youth unemployment

Cambodia - Government 2016

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Country name
Conventional long form: Kingdom of Cambodia
Conventional short form: Cambodia
Local long form: Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea
Local short form: Kampuchea Kampuchea
Former: Khmer Republic Democratic Kampuchea People's Republic of Kampuchea State of Cambodia
Etymology: the English name Cambodia is an anglicization of the French Cambodge which is the French transliteration of the native name Kampuchea

Government type: parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Capital
Name: Phnom Penh
Geographic coordinates: 11 33 N 104 55 E
Time difference: UTC+7

Administrative divisions: 24 provinces (khett singular and plural) and 1 municipality (krong singular and plural)
Provinces: Banteay Meanchey Battambang Kampong Cham Kampong Chhnang Kampong Speu Kampong Thom Kampot Kandal Kep Koh Kong Kratie Mondolkiri Oddar Meanchey Pailin Preah Vihear Prey Veng Pursat Ratanakiri Siem Reap Sihanoukville Stung Treng Svay Rieng Takeo Tbong Khmum
Municipalities: Phnom Penh

Dependent areas

Independence: 9 November 1953 (from France)

National holiday: Independence Day 9 November (1953)

Constitution: previous 1947; latest promulgated 21 September 1993; amended 1999 2008 2014 (2016)

Legal system: civil law system (influenced by the UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia) customary law Communist legal theory and common law

International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cambodia
Dual citizenship recognized: yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: King Norodom SIHAMONI
Head of government: Prime Minister HUN SEN ; Permanent Deputy Prime Minister MEN SAM AN (since 25 September 2008); Deputy Prime Ministers SAR KHENG (since 3 February 1992) SOK AN TEA BANH HOR NAMHONG (all since 16 July 2004) BIN CHHIN (since 5 September 2007) KEAT CHHON YIM CHHAI LY (since 24 September 2008) KE KIMYAN (since 12 March 2009)
Cabinet: Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch
Electionsappointments: monarch chosen by the 9-member Royal Council of the Throne from among all eligible males of royal descent; following legislative elections a member of the majority party or majority coalition named prime minister by the Chairman of the National Assembly and appointed by the monarch

Legislative branch
Description: bicameral Parliament of Cambodia consists of the Senate and the National Assembly (123 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms)
Note: two seats will be added to the National Assembly in 2018 for a total of 125
Elections: Senate - last held on 4 February 2012 ; National Assembly - last held on 28 July 2013 (next to be held in July 2018)
Election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - CPP 77.8% SRP 22.2%; seats by party - CPP 46 SRP 11; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CPP 48.8% CNRP 44.5% other 6.7%; seats by party - CPP 68 CNRP 55

Judicial branch
Highest court: Supreme Council ; Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members); note - in 1997 the Cambodian Government requested UN assistance in establishing trials to prosecute former Khmer Rouge senior leaders for crimes against humanity committed during the 1975-1979 Khmer Rouge regime; the Extraordinary Chambers of the Courts in Cambodia (also called the Khmer Rouge Tribunal) were established and began hearings for the first case in 2009; court proceeding were ongoing in 2016
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court and Constitutional Council judge candidates recommended by the Supreme Council of Magistracy a 17-member body chaired by the monarch and includes other high-level judicial officers; judges of both courts appointed by the monarch; Supreme Court judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council judges appointed for 9-year terms with one-third of the court renewed every 3 years
Subordinate courts: Appellate Court; provincial and municipal courts; Military Court

Political parties and leaders:

Cambodian National Rescue Party or CNRP [SAM RANGSI also spelled SAM RAINSY] (a July 2012 merger between the Sam Rangsi Party or SRP and the former Human Rights Party or HRP [KHEM SOKHA also spelled KEM SOKHA])
Cambodian People's Party or CPP [HUN SEN]

International organization participation: ADB ARF ASEAN CICA CICA (observer) EAS FAO G-77 IAEA IBRD ICAO ICRM IDA IFAD IFC IFRCS ILO IMF IMO Interpol IOC IOM IPU ISO (correspondent) ITU MINUSMA MIGA NAM OIF OPCW PCA UN UNAMID UNCTAD UNESCO UNIDO UNIFIL UNISFA UNMISS UNWTO UPU WCO WFTU (NGOs) WHO WIPO WMO WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador CHUM BUN RONG
In the us chancery: 4,530 16th Street NW Washington DC 20,011
In the us telephone: [1] 726-7,742
In the us FAX: [1] 726-8,381
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador William A. HEIDT
From the us mailing address: Unit 8,166 Box P APO AP 96,546
From the us telephone: [855] 728-000
From the us FAX: [855] 728-600

Flag description

: three horizontal bands of blue (top) red (double width) and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band; red and blue are traditional Cambodian colors
Note: only national flag to incorporate an actual building into its design

National symbols: Angkor Wat temple kouprey (wild ox); national colors: red blue

National anthem
Name: 'Nokoreach'
Lyrics and music: CHUON NAT/F. PERRUCHOT and J. JEKYLL
Note: adopted 1941 restored 1993; the anthem based on a Cambodian folk tune was restored after the defeat of the Communist regime

National heritage

Cambodia - Economy 2016

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Economy overview:

Cambodia has experienced strong economic growth over the last decade; GDP grew at an average annual rate of over 8% between 2000 and 2010 and at least 7% since 2011. The tourism garment construction and real estate and agriculture sectors accounted for the bulk of growth. Around 600,000 people the majority of whom are women are employed in the garment and footwear sector. An additional 500,000 Cambodians are employed in the tourism sector and a further 50,000 people in construction. Tourism has continued to grow rapidly with foreign arrivals exceeding 2 million per year since 2007 and reaching around 4.5 million visitors in 2014. Mining also is attracting some investor interest and the government has touted opportunities for mining bauxite gold iron and gems.
Cambodia remains one of the poorest countries in Asia and long-term economic development remains a daunting challenge inhibited by endemic corruption limited human resources high income inequality and poor job prospects. As of 2012 approximately 2.66 million people live on less than $1.20 per day and 37% of Cambodian children under the age of 5 suffer from chronic malnutrition. More than 50% of the population is less than 25 years old. The population lacks education and productive skills particularly in the impoverished countryside which also lacks basic infrastructure.
The Cambodian Government has been working with bilateral and multilateral donors including the Asian Development Bank the World Bank and IMF to address the country's many pressing needs; more than 30% of the government budget comes from donor assistance. A major economic challenge for Cambodia over the next decade will be fashioning an economic environment in which the private sector can create enough jobs to handle Cambodia's demographic imbalance.

Real gdp purchasing power parity:

$54.21 billion (2015 est.)
$50.7 billion (2014 est.)
$47.35 billion (2013 est.)

Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 108

Real gdp growth rate:

6.9% (2015 est.)
7.1% (2014 est.)
7.4% (2013 est.)

Rank: 12

Real gdp per capita:

$3,500 (2015 est.)
$3,300 (2014 est.)
$3,100 (2013 est.)

Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 181

Gross national saving:

12.8% of GDP (2015 est.)
12.1% of GDP (2014 est.)
9.3% of GDP (2013 est.)

Rank: 145

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 78.6%
Government consumption: 5.3%
Investment in fixed capital: 21.2%
Investment in inventories: 1.4%
Exports of goods and services: 67.6%
Imports of goods and services: -74.1%

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 28.2%
Industry: 29.4%
Services: 42.3%

Agriculture products: rice rubber corn vegetables cashews cassava (manioc tapioca) silk

Industries: tourism garments construction rice milling fishing wood and wood products rubber cement gem mining textiles

Industrial production growth rate: 11.7% (2015 est.)
Rank: 5

Labor force: 7.974 million (2013 est.)
Rank: 61
By occupation agriculture: 48.7%
By occupation industry: 19.9%
By occupation services: 31.5%

Labor force

Unemployment rate:

0.3% (2013 est.)
0.2% (2012 est.)

Note: according to official statistics; underemployment is high
Rank: 1

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line: 17.7% (2012 est.)

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 2%
Highest 10: 28%

Distribution of family income gini index:

37.9 (2008 est.)
41.9 (2004 est.)

Rank: 73

Budget
Revenues: $2.983 billion
Expenditures: $3.208 billion
Surplus or deficit: -1.2% of GDP (2015 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 64

Taxes and other revenues: 16.4% of GDP (2015 est.)
Rank: 186

Public debt:

33.9% of GDP (2014 est.)
33.4% of GDP (2013 est.)

Rank: 132

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices:

1.2% (2015 est.)
3.9% (2014 est.)

Rank: 94

Central bank discount rate:

NA% (31 December 2012)
5.25% (31 December 2007)

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

11.71% (31 December 2015 est.)
12.31% (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 68

Stock of narrow money:

$1.602 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$1.482 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 137

Stock of broad money:

$11.82 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$10.47 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 104

Stock of domestic credit:

$9.776 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$7.842 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 105

Market value of publicly traded shares: $N/A

Current account balance:

-$2.042 billion (2015 est.)
-$2.032 billion (2014 est.)

Rank: 144

Exports:

$8.453 billion (2015 est.)
$7.445 billion (2014 est.)

Rank: 95
Commodities: clothing timber rubber rice fish tobacco footwear
Partners: US 23.1% UK 8.8% Germany 8.2% Japan 7.4% Canada 6.7% China 5.1% Vietnam 5% Thailand 4.9% Netherlands 4.1% (2015)

Imports:

$11.92 billion (2015 est.)
$10.67 billion (2014 est.)

Rank: 91
Commodities: petroleum products cigarettes gold construction materials machinery motor vehicles pharmaceutical products
Partners: Thailand 28.7% China 22.2% Vietnam 16.4% Hong Kong 6.1% Singapore 5.7% (2015)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$7.376 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$6.106 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 84

Debt external:

$7.483 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$6.811 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 117

Stock of direct foreign investment at home: $29.17 billion (2014 est.)
Rank: 69

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad

Exchange rates:

riels (KHR) per US dollar -
4,068 (2015 est.)
4,038 (2014 est.)
4,038 (2013 est.)
4,033 (2012 est.)
4,059 (2011 est.)

Cambodia - Energy 2016

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Electricity
Access population without electricity: 9,900,000
Access electrification total population: 34%
Access electrification urban areas: 97%
Access electrification rural areas: 18%
Production: 3 billion kWh (2014 est.)
Production rank: 143
Consumption: 4.1 billion kWh (2014 est.)
Consumption rank: 129
Exports: 0 kWh (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 115
Imports: 1.8 billion kWh (2014 est.)
Imports rank: 56
Installed generating capacity: 1.4 million kW (2014 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 124
Generation sources fossil fuels: 32.7% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 176
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 62
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 57.4% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 37
Generation sources other renewable sources: 10% of total installed capacity (2013 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 37

Coal

Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 116
Crude oil exports: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 107
Crude oil imports: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 169
Crude oil proven reserves: 0 bbl (1 January 2016 es)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 114

Crude oil

Refined petroleum
Products production: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products production rank: 164
Products consumption: 36,000 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products consumption rank: 117
Products exports: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products exports rank: 164
Products imports: 36,240 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products imports rank: 98

Natural gas
Production: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Production rank: 166
Consumption: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Consumption rank: 125
Exports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 73
Imports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 172
Proven reserves: 0 m³ (1 January 2014 es)
Proven reserves rank: 120

Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 6.5 million Mt (2013 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 118

Energy consumption per capita

Cambodia - Communication 2016

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Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 256,387
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2
Fixed lines rank: 99
Mobile cellular total: 20.851 million
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 133
Mobile cellular rank: 48

Telephone system
General assessment: adequate fixed-line and/or cellular service in Phnom Penh and other provincial cities; mobile-cellular phone systems are widely used in urban areas to bypass deficiencies in the fixed-line network; mobile-phone coverage is rapidly expanding in rural areas
Domestic: fixed-line connections stand at about 2 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular usage aided by competition among service providers has increased to over 130 per 100 persons
International: country code - 855; adequate but expensive landline and cellular service available to all countries from Phnom Penh and major provincial cities; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (2015)

Broadcast media: mixture of state-owned joint public-private and privately owned broadcast media; 9 TV broadcast stations with most operating on multiple channels including 1 state-operated station broadcasting from multiple locations 6 stations either jointly operated or privately owned with some broadcasting from several locations and 2 TV relay stations - one relaying a French TV station and the other relaying a Vietnamese TV station; multi-channel cable and satellite systems are available; roughly 50 radio broadcast stations - 1 state-owned broadcaster with multiple stations and a large mixture of public and private broadcasters; several international broadcasters are available (2009)

Internet
Country code: .kh
Users total: 2.985 million
Users percent of population: 19%
Users rank: 124

Broadband fixed subscriptions

Cambodia - Military 2016

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Military expenditures:

2% of GDP (2015 est.)
1.8% of GDP (2014)
1.58% of GDP (2013)
1.54% of GDP (2012)
1.5% of GDP (2011)

Rank: 60

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation: 18 is the legal minimum age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2012)

Space program

Terrorist groups

Cambodia - Transportation 2016

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National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 4
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 10
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 1,103,880
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 2,301,260 mt-km

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: XU (2016)

Airports: 16 (2013)
Rank: 142
With paved runways total: 6
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 3
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 2
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 1
With unpaved runways total: 10
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 2
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 7
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 1

Heliports: 1 (2013)

Pipelines

Railways
Total: 642 km
Narrow gauge: 642 km 1.000-m gauge
Note: under restoration
Rank: 108

Roadways
Total: 44,709 km
Paved: 3,607 km
Unpaved: 41,102 km
Rank: 88

Waterways: 3,700 km (mainly on Mekong River) (2012)
Rank: 28

Merchant marine
Total: 544
By type: bulk carrier 38 cargo 459 carrier 7 chemical tanker 4 container 4 liquefied gas 1 passenger 1 passenger/cargo 6 petroleum tanker 8 refrigerated cargo 11 roll on/roll off 4 vehicle carrier 1
Foreign owned: 352 (2010)
Rank: 21

Ports and terminals
Major seaport: Sihanoukville
River port: Phnom Penh

Cambodia - Transnational issues 2016

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Disputes international: Cambodia is concerned about Laos' extensive upstream dam construction; Cambodia and Thailand dispute sections of boundary; in 2011 Thailand and Cambodia resorted to arms in the dispute over the location of the boundary on the precipice surmounted by Preah Vihear Temple ruins awarded to Cambodia by ICJ decision in 1962 and part of a UN World Heritage site; Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities; progress on a joint development area with Vietnam is hampered by an unresolved dispute over sovereignty of offshore islands

Refugees and internally displaced persons

Illicit drugs: narcotics-related corruption reportedly involving some in the government military and police; limited methamphetamine production; vulnerable to money laundering due to its cash-based economy and porous borders