Statistical information Chad 2016

Chad in the World

Chad - Introduction 2016

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Background: Chad part of France's African holdings until 1960 endured three decades of civil warfare as well as invasions by Libya before peace was restored in 1990. The government eventually drafted a democratic constitution and held flawed presidential elections in 1996 and 2001. In 1998 a rebellion broke out in northern Chad which has sporadically flared up despite several peace agreements between the government and insurgents. In June 2005 President Idriss DEBY held a referendum successfully removing constitutional term limits and won another controversial election in 2006. Sporadic rebel campaigns continued throughout 2006 and 2007. The capital experienced a significant insurrection in early 2008 but has had no significant rebel threats since then in part due to Chad's 2010 rapprochement with Sudan which previously used Chadian rebels as proxies. In late 2015 the government imposed a state of emergency in the Lake Chad region following multiple attacks by the terrorist group Boko Haram throughout the year; Boko Haram also launched several bombings in N'Djamena in mid-2015. DEBY in 2011 was reelected to his fourth term in an election that international observers described as proceeding without incident. In January 2014 Chad began a two-year rotation on the UN Security Council.

Chad - Geography 2016

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Location: Central Africa south of Libya

Geographic coordinates: 15 00 N 19 00 E

Map reference: Africa

Area
Total: 1.284 million km²
Land: 1,259,200 km²
Water: 24,800 km²
Rank: 21
Comparative: slightly more than three times the size of California

Land boundaries
Total: 6,406 km
Border countries: (6) Cameroon 1116 km; Central African Republic 1556 km; Libya 1050 km; Niger 1196 km; Nigeria 85 km; Sudan 1403 km

Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

Climate: tropical in south desert in north

Terrain: broad arid plains in center desert in north mountains in northwest lowlands in south

Elevation
Mean elevation: 543 m
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Djourab 160 m: highest point: Emi Koussi 3,415 m

Natural resources: petroleum uranium natron kaolin fish (Lake Chad) gold limestone sand and gravel salt

Land use

Land use
Agricultural land: 39.6%

arable land: 3.9%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pasture: 35.7%

Forest: 9.1%
Other: 51.3%

Irrigated land: 300 km² (2012)

Major rivers

Major watersheds area km²

Total water withdrawal

Total renewable water resources

Natural hazards: hot dry dusty harmattan winds occur in north; periodic droughts; locust plagues

Geography
Note 1: Chad is the largest of Africa's 16 landlocked countries
Note 2: not long ago - geologically speaking - what is today the Sahara was green savannah teeming with wildlife; during the African Humid Period roughly 11,000 to 5,000 years ago a vibrant animal community including elephants giraffes hippos and antelope lived there; the last remnant of the 'Green Sahara' exists in the Lakes of Ounianga in northern Chad a series of 18 interconnected freshwater saline and hypersaline lakes now protected as a World Heritage site
Note 3: Lake Chad the most significant water body in the Sahel is a remnant of a former inland sea paleolake Mega-Chad; at its greatest extent sometime before 5,000 B.C. Lake Mega-Chad was the largest of four Saharan paleolakes that existed during the African Humid Period; it covered an area of about 400,000 km² roughly the size of today's Caspian Sea

Chad - People 2016

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Population
Distribution: the population is unevenly distributed due to contrasts in climate and physical geography; the highest density is found in the southwest particularly around Lake Chad and points south; the dry Saharan zone to the north is the least densely populated: 11,852,462 (July 2016 est.)
Rank: 77
Growth rate: 1.88% (2016 est.)
Growth rate rank: 56
Below poverty line: 46.7% (2011 est.)

Nationality
Noun: Chadian
Adjective: Chadian

Ethnic groups: Sara (Ngambaye/Sara/Madjingaye/Mbaye) 25.9% Arab 12.6% Kanembu/Bornu/Buduma 8.3% Wadai/Maba/Masalit/Mimi 7% Gorane 6.8% Masa/Musseye/Musgum 4.7% Bulala/Medogo/Kuka 3.6% Bidiyo/Migaama/Kenga/Dangleat 3.6% Marba/Lele/Mesme 2.9% Dadjo/Kibet/Muro 2.5% Mundang 2.5% Gabri/Kabalaye/Nanchere/Somrai 2.4% Zaghawa/Bideyat/Kobe 2.3% Fulani/Fulbe/Bodore 2% Tupuri/Kera 2% Tama/Assongori/Mararit 1.6% Baguirmi/Barma 1.3% Karo/Zime/Peve 1.3% Mesmedje/Massalat/Kadjakse 1% other Chadian ethnicities 2.5% Chadians of foreign ethnicities 0.6% foreign nationals 2.5% (Sudanese 2%) (2009 est.)

Languages: French (official) Arabic (official) Sara (in south) more than 120 different languages and dialects

Religions: Muslim 58.4% Catholic 18.5% Protestant 16.1% animist 4% other 0.5% none 2.4% (2009 est.)

Demographic profile:

Despite the start of oil production in 2003 40% of Chad’s population lives below the poverty line. The population will continue to grow rapidly because of the country’s very high fertility rate and large youth cohort – more than 65% of the populace is under the age of 25 – although the mortality rate is high and life expectancy is low. Chad has the world’s third highest maternal mortality rate. Among the primary risk factors are poverty anemia rural habitation high fertility poor education and a lack of access to family planning and obstetric care. Impoverished uneducated adolescents living in rural areas are most affected. To improve women’s reproductive health and reduce fertility Chad will need to increase women’s educational attainment job participation and knowledge of and access to family planning. Only about a quarter of women are literate less than 5% use contraceptives and more than 40% undergo genital cutting.
More than 300,000 refugees from Sudan and almost 70,000 from the Central African Republic strain Chad’s limited resources and create tensions in host communities. Thousands of new refugees fled to Chad in 2013 to escape worsening violence in the Darfur region of Sudan. The large refugee populations are hesitant to return to their home countries because of continued instability. Chad was relatively stable in 2012 in comparison to other states in the region but past fighting between government forces and opposition groups and inter-communal violence have left nearly 60,000 of its citizens displaced in the eastern part of the country.

Age structure

Age structure
0-14 years: 43.63%
15-24 years: 21.18%
25-54 years: 28.31%
55-64 years: 3.87%
65 years and over: 3% (2016 est.)

Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 100.7%
Youth dependency ratio: 95.8%
Elderly dependency ratio: 4.9%
Potential support ratio: 20.3%

Median age
Total: 17.6 years
Male: 16.6 years
Female: 18.6 years
Rank: 218

Population growth rate: 1.88% (2016 est.)
Rank: 56

Birth rate: 36.1 births/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 16

Death rate: 14 deaths/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 7

Net migration rate: -3.3 migrant(s)/1000 population (2016 est.)
Rank: 183

Population distribution: the population is unevenly distributed due to contrasts in climate and physical geography; the highest density is found in the southwest particularly around Lake Chad and points south; the dry Saharan zone to the north is the least densely populated

Urbanization
Urban population: 22.5% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 3.42% annual rate of change

Major urban areas
Population: N'DJAMENA (capital) 1.26 million (2015)

Environment
Current issues: inadequate supplies of potable water; improper waste disposal in rural areas contributes to soil and water pollution; desertification
International agreements party to: Biodiversity Climate Change Desertification Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes Ozone Layer Protection Wetlands
International agreements signed but not ratified: Law of the Sea Marine Dumping

Air pollutants

Sex ratio
At birth: 1.04 male/female
0-14 years: 1.03 male/female
15-24 years: 0.95 male/female
25-54 years: 0.83 male/female
55-64 years: 0.79 male/female
65 years and over: 0.71 male/female
Total population: 0.93 male/female

Mothers mean age at first birth: 17.9
Note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Maternal mortality ratio

Infant mortality rate
Total: 87 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 92.5 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 81.3 deaths/1000 live births
Rank: 6

Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 50.2 years
Male: 49 years
Female: 51.5 years
Rank: 224

Total fertility rate: 4.45 children born/woman (2016 est.)
Rank: 26

Contraceptive prevalence rate: 4.8% (2010)

Drinking water source:

urban: 71.8% of population
rural: 44.8% of population
total: 50.8% of population
urban: 28.2% of population
rural: 55.2% of population
total: 49.2% of population (2015 est.)

Current health expenditure

Physicians density: 0.04 physicians/1000 population (2006)

Hospital bed density

Sanitation facility access:

urban: 31.4% of population
rural: 6.5% of population
total: 12.1% of population
urban: 68.6% of population
rural: 93.5% of population
total: 87.9% of population (2015 est.)

Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: 2.04% (2015 est.)
Adult prevalence rate rank: 24
People living with hivaids: 165,600 (2015 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 25
Deaths: 8,500 (2015 est.)
Deaths rank: 21

Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: very high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea hepatitis A and E and typhoid fever
Vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
Water contact disease: schistosomiasis
Respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
Animal contact disease: rabies

Obesity adult prevalence rate: 6.6% (2014)
Rank: 177

Alcohol consumption

Tobacco use

Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 28.8% (2015)
Rank: 13

Education expenditures: 2.9% of GDP (2013)
Rank: 160

Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write French or Arabic
Total population: 40.2%
Male: 48.5%
Female: 31.9%

School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 7 years
Male: 9 years
Female: 6 years

Youth unemployment

Chad - Government 2016

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Country name
Conventional long form: Republic of Chad
Conventional short form: Chad
Local long form: Republique du Tchad/Jumhuriyat Tshad
Local short form: Tchad/Tshad
Etymology: named for Lake Chad which lies along the country's western border; the word 'tsade' means 'large body of water' or 'lake' in several local native languages

Government type: presidential republic

Capital
Name: N'Djamena
Geographic coordinates: 12 06 N 15 02 E
Time difference: UTC+1

Administrative divisions: 23 regions (regions singular - region); Barh el Gazel Batha Borkou Chari-Baguirmi Ennedi-Est Ennedi-Ouest Guera Hadjer-Lamis Kanem Lac Logone Occidental Logone Oriental Mandoul Mayo-Kebbi Est Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Moyen-Chari Ouaddai Salamat Sila Tandjile Tibesti Ville de N'Djamena Wadi Fira

Dependent areas

Independence: 11 August 1960 (from France)

National holiday: Independence Day 11 August (1960)

Constitution: several previous; latest passed by referendum 31 March 1996 entered into force 8 April 1996; amended 2005 (2016)

Legal system: mixed legal system of civil and customary law

International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Chad
Dual citizenship recognized: Chadian law does not address dual citizenship
Residency requirement for naturalization: 15 years

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
Chief of state: President Idriss DEBY Itno Lt. Gen.
Head of government: Prime Minister Albert Pahimi PADACKE
Cabinet: Council of Ministers; members appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
Electionsappointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term ; election last held on 10 April 2016 (next to be held in April 2021); prime minister appointed by the president
Election results: Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY 61.6% Saleh KEBZABO (UNDR) 12.8% Laokein Kourayo MEDAR 10.7% Djimrangar DADNADJI (MPS) 5.1% other 9.8%

Legislative branch
Description: unicameral National Assembly
Elections: National Assembly - last held on 13 February and 6 May 2011
Election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MPS 117 UNDR 10 RDP 9 URD 8 RNDT/Le Reveil 8 Viva-RNDP 5 FAR 4 PUR 2 UDR 2 PDSA 2 CTPD 2 other minor parties 19

Judicial branch
Highest court: Supreme Court ; Constitutional Council (consists of 3 judges and 6 jurists)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court chief justice selected by the president; councilors - 8 designated by the president and 7 by the speaker of the National Assembly; chief justice and councilors appointed for life; Constitutional Council judges - 2 appointed by the president and 1 by the speaker of the National Assembly; jurists - 3 each by the president and by the speaker of the National Assembly; judges appointed for 9-year terms
Subordinate courts: High Court of Justice; Courts of Appeal; tribunals; justices of the peace

Political parties and leaders:

Alliance for the Renaissance of Chad or ART (includes MPS RDP and Viva-RNDP)
Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarledjy YORONGAR]
National Rally for Development and Progress or Viva-RNDP [Dr. Nouradine Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE]
National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO]
Party for Liberty and Development or PLD [Jean-Baptiste LAOKOLE]
Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Idriss DEBY]
Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Lol Mahamat CHOUA]
Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Sande NGARYIMBE]

International organization participation: ACP AfDB AU BDEAC CEMAC EITI (compliant country) FAO FZ G-77 IAEA IBRD ICAO ICCt ICRM IDA IDB IFAD IFC IFRCS ILO IMF Interpol IOC IOM IPU ITSO ITU ITUC (NGOs) MIGA MINUSMA NAM OIC OIF OPCW UN UN Security Council (temporary) UNCTAD UNESCO UNIDO UNOCI UNWTO UPU WCO WHO WIPO WMO WTO

Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador Mahamat Nasser HASSANE
In the us chancery: 2,401 Massachusetts Avenue NW Washington DC 20,008
In the us telephone: [1] 652-1312
In the us FAX: [1] 758-0431
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador James KNIGHT
From the us embassy: Avenue Felix Eboue N'Djamena
From the us mailing address: B. P. 413 N'Djamena
From the us telephone: [235] 2,251-70-09
From the us FAX: [235] 2,251-56-54

Flag description

: three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side) yellow and red; the flag combines the blue and red French (former colonial) colors with the red and yellow of the Pan-African colors; blue symbolizes the sky hope and the south of the country which is relatively well-watered; yellow represents the sun as well as the desert in the north of the country; red stands for progress unity and sacrifice
Note: similar to the flag of Romania; also similar to the flags of Andorra and Moldova both of which have a national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; design was based on the flag of France

National symbols: goat (north) lion (south); national colors: blue yellow red

National anthem
Name: 'La Tchadienne'
Lyrics and music: Louis GIDROL and his students/Paul VILLARD
Note: adopted 1960

National heritage

Chad - Economy 2016

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Economy overview:

Chad’s landlocked location results in high transportation costs for imported goods and dependence on neighboring countries. Oil and agriculture are mainstays of Chad’s economy. Oil provides about 60% of export revenues while cotton cattle livestock and gum arabic provide the bulk of Chad's non-oil export earnings. The services sector contributes about one-third of GDP and has attracted foreign investment mostly through telecommunications and banking.
Nearly all of Chad’s fuel is provided by one domestic refinery and unanticipated shutdowns occasionally result in shortages. The country regulates the price of domestic fuel providing an incentive for black market sales.
Chad’s fiscal position is encumbered by declining oil prices though high oil prices and strong local harvests supported the economy in recent years. Chad relies on foreign assistance and foreign capital for much public and private sector investment. Chad's investment climate remains challenging due to limited infrastructure a lack of trained workers extensive government bureaucracy and corruption. Chad obtained a three-year extended credit facility from the IMF in 2014 and was granted debt relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative in April 2015.

Real gdp purchasing power parity:

$30.47 billion (2015 est.)
$29.94 billion (2014 est.)
$28.01 billion (2013 est.)

Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 130

Real gdp growth rate:

1.8% (2015 est.)
6.9% (2014 est.)
5.7% (2013 est.)

Rank: 140

Real gdp per capita:

$2,600 (2015 est.)
$2,700 (2014 est.)
$2,500 (2013 est.)

Note: data are in 2015 US dollars
Rank: 196

Gross national saving:

21.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
23% of GDP (2014 est.)
19.9% of GDP (2013 est.)

Rank: 125

Gdp composition by sector of origin

Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 68.8%
Government consumption: 4.4%
Investment in fixed capital: 31.2%
Investment in inventories: 0.2%
Exports of goods and services: 27.4%
Imports of goods and services: -32%

Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 53.2%
Industry: 13.6%
Services: 33.1%

Agriculture products: cotton sorghum millet peanuts sesame corn rice potatoes onions cassava (manioc tapioca) cattle sheep goats camels

Industries: oil cotton textiles brewing natron (sodium carbonate) soap cigarettes construction materials

Industrial production growth rate: -8% (2015 est.)
Rank: 193

Labor force: 5.268 million (2015 est.)
Rank: 73
By occupation agriculture: 80%
By occupation industry and services: 20%

Labor force

Unemployment rate: NA%

Youth unemployment

Population below poverty line: 46.7% (2011 est.)

Gini index

Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 2.6%
Highest 10: 30.8%

Distribution of family income gini index: 43.3 (2011 est.)
Rank: 49

Budget
Revenues: $1.524 billion
Expenditures: $2.037 billion
Surplus or deficit: -4.7% of GDP (2015 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 155

Taxes and other revenues: 14% of GDP (2015 est.)
Rank: 201

Public debt:

33.5% of GDP (2015 est.)
33% of GDP (2014 est.)

Rank: 134

Revenue

Fiscal year: calendar year

Inflation rate consumer prices:

4.6% (2015 est.)
1.7% (2014 est.)

Rank: 151

Central bank discount rate:

4.25% (31 December 2009)
4.75% (31 December 2008)

Rank: 95

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

15.5% (31 December 2015 est.)
15.5% (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 34

Stock of narrow money:

$1.604 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$1.788 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 136

Stock of broad money:

$1.976 billion (31 December 2014 est.)
$1.751 billion (31 December 2013 est.)

Rank: 157

Stock of domestic credit:

$1.034 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$1.153 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 160

Market value of publicly traded shares: $N/A

Current account balance:

-$1.392 billion (2015 est.)
-$1.242 billion (2014 est.)

Rank: 135

Exports:

$3.965 billion (2015 est.)
$4.179 billion (2014 est.)

Rank: 114
Commodities: oil livestock cotton sesame gum arabic shea butter
Partners: US 58.5% India 13.3% Japan 11.3% China 4.1% (2015)

Imports:

$3.071 billion (2015 est.)
$3.319 billion (2014 est.)

Rank: 141
Commodities: machinery and transportation equipment industrial goods foodstuffs textiles
Partners: France 16.5% China 14.2% Cameroon 11% US 6.4% India 6% Belgium 5.7% Italy 4.8% (2015)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$382.9 million (31 December 2015 est.)
$1.089 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 153

Debt external:

$2.802 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$2.857 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Rank: 141

Stock of direct foreign investment at home:

$N/A (31 December 2010)
$4.5 billion (2006 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment abroad: $N/A

Exchange rates:

Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -
591.45 (2015 est.)
494.42 (2014 est.)
494.42 (2013 est.)
510.53 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)

Chad - Energy 2016

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Electricity
Access population without electricity: 10,477,071
Access electrification total population: 4%
Access electrification urban areas: 14%
Access electrification rural areas: 1%
Production: 200 million kWh (2014 est.)
Production rank: 184
Consumption: 200 million kWh (2014 est.)
Consumption rank: 187
Exports: 0 kWh (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 117
Imports: 0 kWh (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 128
Installed generating capacity: 41,000 kW (2014 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 198
Generation sources fossil fuels: 100% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 8
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 63
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 165
Generation sources other renewable sources: 0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 165

Coal

Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 120,000 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 45
Crude oil exports: 105,000 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 36
Crude oil imports: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 170
Crude oil proven reserves: 1.5 billion bbl (1 January 2016 es)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 38

Crude oil

Refined petroleum
Products production: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products production rank: 165
Products consumption: 2,200 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products consumption rank: 191
Products exports: 0 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products exports rank: 165
Products imports: 2,215 bbl/day (2013 est.)
Products imports rank: 184

Natural gas
Production: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Production rank: 168
Consumption: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Consumption rank: 127
Exports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 75
Imports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 174
Proven reserves: 0 m³ (1 January 2014 es)
Proven reserves rank: 122

Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 300,000 Mt (2013 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 195

Energy consumption per capita

Chad - Communication 2016

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Telephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 17,029
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1
Fixed lines rank: 177
Mobile cellular total: 5.466 million
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47
Mobile cellular rank: 115

Telephone system
General assessment: inadequate system of radiotelephone communication stations with high maintenance costs and low telephone density
Domestic: fixed-line connections for less than 1 per 100 persons coupled with mobile-cellular subscribership base of about 45 per 100 persons
International: country code - 235; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (2015)

Broadcast media: 1 state-owned TV station; state-owned radio network Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne (RNT) operates national and regional stations; about 10 private radio stations; some stations rebroadcast programs from international broadcasters (2007)

Internet
Country code: .td
Users total: 314,000
Users percent of population: 2.7%
Users rank: 148

Broadband fixed subscriptions

Chad - Military 2016

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Military expenditures:

NA% (2012)
2.28% of GDP (2011)

Military and security forces

Military service age and obligation: 20 is the legal minimum age for compulsory military service with a 3-year service obligation; 18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary service; no minimum age restriction for volunteers with consent from a parent or guardian; women are subject to 1 year of compulsory military or civic service at age 21; while provisions for military service have not been repealed they have never been fully implemented (2015)

Space program

Terrorist groups

Chad - Transportation 2016

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National air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 1
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 1
Annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 28,332
Annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: mt-km

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports: 59 (2013)
Rank: 82
With paved runways total: 9
With paved runways over 3047 m: 2
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 4
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 2
With paved runways under 914 m: 1
With unpaved runways total: 50
With unpaved runways over 3047 m: 1
With unpaved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 2
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 14
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 22
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 11

Heliports

Pipelines: oil 582 km (2013)

Railways

Roadways
Total: 40,000 km
Note: consists of 25,000 km of national and regional roads and 15,000 km of local roads; 206 km of urban roads are paved
Rank: 87

Waterways: (Chari and Legone Rivers are navigable only in wet season) (2012)

Merchant marine

Ports and terminals

Chad - Transnational issues 2016

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Disputes international: since 2003 ad hoc armed militia groups and the Sudanese military have driven hundreds of thousands of Darfur residents into Chad; Chad wishes to be a helpful mediator in resolving the Darfur conflict and in 2010 established a joint border monitoring force with Sudan which has helped to reduce cross-border banditry and violence; only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries

Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees: 309,669 (Sudan); 69,436 (Central African Republic); 7,917 (Nigeria) (2016)
IDPs: 58,748 (2016)

Illicit drugs