Statistical information Mali 2017
Mali in the World
Mali - Introduction 2017
top of pageBackground: The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 by a military coup that ushered in a period of democratic rule. President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first two democratic presidential elections in 1992 and 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit he stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou Toumani TOURE who was elected to a second term in a 2007 election that was widely judged to be free and fair. Malian returnees from Libya in 2011 exacerbated tensions in northern Mali and Tuareg ethnic militias rebelled in January 2012. Low- and mid-level soldiers frustrated with the poor handling of the rebellion overthrew TOURE on 22 March. Intensive mediation efforts led by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) returned power to a civilian administration in April with the appointment of Interim President Dioncounda TRAORE. The post-coup chaos led to rebels expelling the Malian military from the country's three northern regions and allowed Islamic militants to set up strongholds. Hundreds of thousands of northern Malians fled the violence to southern Mali and neighboring countries exacerbating regional food shortages in host communities. An international military intervention to retake the three northern regions began in January 2013 and within a month most of the north had been retaken. In a democratic presidential election conducted in July and August of 2013 Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA was elected president. The Malian Government and northern armed groups signed an internationally-mediated peace accord in June 2015.
Mali - Geography 2017
top of pageLocation: interior Western Africa southwest of Algeria north of Guinea Cote d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso west of Niger
Geographic coordinates: 17 00 N 4 00 W
Map reference: Africa
Area
Total: 1,240,192 km²
Land: 1,220,190 km²
Water: 20,002 km²
Rank: 25
Comparative: slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Land boundaries
Total: 7,908 km
Border countries: (7) Algeria 1359 km; Burkina Faso 1325 km; Cote d'Ivoire 599 km; Guinea 1062 km; Mauritania 2,236 km; Niger 838 km; Senegal 489 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
Climate: subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy humid and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to February)
Terrain: mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south rugged hills in northeast
Elevation
Mean elevation: 343 m
Elevation extremes: lowest point: Senegal River 23 m: highest point: Hombori Tondo 1155 m
Natural resources: gold phosphates kaolin salt limestone uranium gypsum granite hydropower
Note: bauxite iron ore manganese tin and copper deposits are known but not exploited
Land use
Land use
Agricultural land: 34.1%
arable land: 5.6%
permanent crops: 0.1%
permanent pasture: 28.4%
permanent crops: 0.1%
permanent pasture: 28.4%
Forest: 10.2%
Other: 55.7%
Irrigated land: 3,780 km² (2012)
Major rivers
Major watersheds area km²
Total water withdrawal
Total renewable water resources
Natural hazards: hot dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding
Geography
Note: landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern cultivated Sudanese; the central semiarid Sahelian; and the northern arid Saharan
Mali - People 2017
top of pagePopulation
Distribution: the overwhelming majority of the population lives in the southern half of the country with greater density along the border with Burkina Faso: 17,885,245 (July 2017 est.)
Rank: 64
Growth rate: 3.02% (2017 est.)
Growth rate rank: 9
Below poverty line: 36.1% (2005 est.)
Nationality
Noun: Malian
Adjective: Malian
Ethnic groups: Bambara 34.1% Fulani (Peul) 14.7% Sarakole 10.8% Senufo 10.5% Dogon 8.9% Malinke 8.7% Bobo 2.9% Songhai 1.6% Tuareg 0.9% other Malian 6.1% from member of Economic Community of West African States 0.3% other 0.4% (2012-13 est.)
Languages: French (official) Bambara 46.3% Peul/Foulfoulbe 9.4% Dogon 7.2% Maraka/Soninke 6.4% Malinke 5.6% Sonrhai/Djerma 5.6% Minianka 4.3% Tamacheq 3.5% Senoufo 2.6% Bobo 2.1% unspecified 0.7% other 6.3%
Note: Mali has 13 national languages in addition to its official language
Religions: Muslim 94.8% Christian 2.4% Animist 2% none 0.5% unspecified 0.3% (2009 est.)
Demographic profile:
Mali’s total population is expected to double by 2,035; its capital Bamako is one of the fastest-growing cities in Africa. A young age structure a declining mortality rate and a sustained high total fertility rate of 6 children per woman – the third highest in the world – ensure continued rapid population growth for the foreseeable future. Significant outmigration only marginally tempers this growth. Despite decreases Mali’s infant child and maternal mortality rates remain among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa because of limited access to and adoption of family planning early childbearing short birth intervals the prevalence of female genital cutting infrequent use of skilled birth attendants and a lack of emergency obstetrical and neonatal care.
Mali’s high total fertility rate has been virtually unchanged for decades as a result of the ongoing preference for large families early childbearing the lack of female education and empowerment poverty and extremely low contraceptive use. Slowing Mali’s population growth by lowering its birth rate will be essential for poverty reduction improving food security and developing human capital and the economy.
Mali has a long history of seasonal migration and emigration driven by poverty conflict demographic pressure unemployment food insecurity and droughts. Many Malians from rural areas migrate during the dry period to nearby villages and towns to do odd jobs or to adjoining countries to work in agriculture or mining. Pastoralists and nomads move seasonally to southern Mali or nearby coastal states. Others migrate long term to Mali’s urban areas Cote d’Ivoire other neighboring countries and in smaller numbers to France Mali’s former colonial ruler. Since the early 1990s Mali’s role has grown as a transit country for regional migration flows and illegal migration to Europe. Human smugglers and traffickers exploit the same regional routes used for moving contraband drugs arms and cigarettes.
Between early 2012 and 2013 renewed fighting in northern Mali between government forces and Tuareg secessionists and their Islamist allies a French-led international military intervention as well as chronic food shortages caused the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Malians. Most of those displaced domestically sought shelter in urban areas of southern Mali except for pastoralist and nomadic groups who abandoned their traditional routes gave away or sold their livestock and dispersed into the deserts of northern Mali or crossed into neighboring countries. Almost all Malians who took refuge abroad (mostly Tuareg and Maure pastoralists) stayed in the region largely in Mauritania Niger and Burkina Faso.
Mali’s high total fertility rate has been virtually unchanged for decades as a result of the ongoing preference for large families early childbearing the lack of female education and empowerment poverty and extremely low contraceptive use. Slowing Mali’s population growth by lowering its birth rate will be essential for poverty reduction improving food security and developing human capital and the economy.
Mali has a long history of seasonal migration and emigration driven by poverty conflict demographic pressure unemployment food insecurity and droughts. Many Malians from rural areas migrate during the dry period to nearby villages and towns to do odd jobs or to adjoining countries to work in agriculture or mining. Pastoralists and nomads move seasonally to southern Mali or nearby coastal states. Others migrate long term to Mali’s urban areas Cote d’Ivoire other neighboring countries and in smaller numbers to France Mali’s former colonial ruler. Since the early 1990s Mali’s role has grown as a transit country for regional migration flows and illegal migration to Europe. Human smugglers and traffickers exploit the same regional routes used for moving contraband drugs arms and cigarettes.
Between early 2012 and 2013 renewed fighting in northern Mali between government forces and Tuareg secessionists and their Islamist allies a French-led international military intervention as well as chronic food shortages caused the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Malians. Most of those displaced domestically sought shelter in urban areas of southern Mali except for pastoralist and nomadic groups who abandoned their traditional routes gave away or sold their livestock and dispersed into the deserts of northern Mali or crossed into neighboring countries. Almost all Malians who took refuge abroad (mostly Tuareg and Maure pastoralists) stayed in the region largely in Mauritania Niger and Burkina Faso.
Age structure
Age structure
0-14 years: 48.17%
15-24 years: 18.84%
25-54 years: 26.26%
55-64 years: 3.7%
65 years and over: 3.03% (2017 est.)
Dependency ratios
Total dependency ratio: 101.9
Youth dependency ratio: 96.8
Elderly dependency ratio: 5.1
Potential support ratio: 19.5
Median age
Total: 15.8 years
Male: 15.1 years
Female: 16.4 years
Rank: 227
Population growth rate: 3.02% (2017 est.)
Rank: 9
Birth rate: 43.9 births/1000 population (2017 est.)
Rank: 3
Death rate: 9.8 deaths/1000 population (2017 est.)
Rank: 43
Net migration rate: -3.9 migrant(s)/1000 population (2017 est.)
Rank: 183
Population distribution: the overwhelming majority of the population lives in the southern half of the country with greater density along the border with Burkina Faso
Urbanization
Urban population: 41.4% of total population
Rate of urbanization: 4.97% annual rate of change
Major urban areas
Population: BAMAKO (capital) 2.515 million (2015)
Environment
Current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; inadequate supplies of potable water
International agreements party to: Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Desertification Endangered Species Hazardous Wastes Law of the Sea Ozone Layer Protection Wetlands Whaling
International agreements signed but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Air pollutants
Sex ratio
At birth: 1.03 male/female
0-14 years: 1.01 male/female
15-24 years: 0.91 male/female
25-54 years: 0.87 male/female
55-64 years: 1 male/female
65 years and over: 1 male/female
Total population: 0.95 male/female
Mothers mean age at first birth: 18.8 years
Note: median age at first birth among women 25-29
Maternal mortality ratio
Infant mortality rate
Total: 69.5 deaths/1000 live births
Male: 75.3 deaths/1000 live births
Female: 63.5 deaths/1000 live births
Rank: 9
Life expectancy at birth
Total population: 60.3 years
Male: 58.2 years
Female: 62.5 years
Rank: 204
Total fertility rate: 6.01 children born/woman (2017 est.)
Rank: 3
Contraceptive prevalence rate: 15.6% (2015)
Drinking water source:
urban: 96.5% of population
rural: 64.1% of population
total: 77% of population
urban: 3.5% of population
rural: 35.9% of population
total: 23% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 64.1% of population
total: 77% of population
urban: 3.5% of population
rural: 35.9% of population
total: 23% of population (2015 est.)
Current health expenditure
Physicians density: 0.09 physicians/1000 population (2010)
Hospital bed density: 0.1 beds/1000 population (2010)
Sanitation facility access:
urban: 37.5% of population
rural: 16.1% of population
total: 24.7% of population
urban: 62.5% of population
rural: 83.9% of population
total: 75.3% of population (2015 est.)
rural: 16.1% of population
total: 24.7% of population
urban: 62.5% of population
rural: 83.9% of population
total: 75.3% of population (2015 est.)
Hiv/Aids
Adult prevalence rate: 1% (2016 est.)
Adult prevalence rate rank: 44
People living with hivaids: 110,000 (2016 est.)
People living with hivaids rank: 40
Deaths: 6,100 (2016 est.)
Deaths rank: 27
Major infectious diseases
Degree of risk: very high
Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea hepatitis A and typhoid fever
Vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
Water contact disease: schistosomiasis
Respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
Animal contact disease: rabies
Obesity adult prevalence rate: 8.6% (2016)
Rank: 149
Alcohol consumption
Tobacco use
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
Education expenditures: 3.6% of GDP (2014)
Rank: 83
Literacy
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 33.1%
Male: 45.1%
Female: 22.2%
School life expectancy primary to tertiary education
Total: 8 years
Male: 9 years
Female: 7 years
Youth unemployment
Mali - Government 2017
top of pageCountry name
Conventional long form: Republic of Mali
Conventional short form: Mali
Local long form: Republique de Mali
Local short form: Mali
Former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic
Etymology: name derives from the West African Mali Empire of the 13th to 16th centuries A.D.
Government type: semi-presidential republic
Capital
Name: Bamako
Geographic coordinates: 12 39 N 8 00 W
Time difference: UTC 0
Administrative divisions: 8 regions (regions singular - region) 1 district*; District de Bamako* Gao Kayes Kidal Koulikoro Mopti Segou Sikasso Tombouctou (Timbuktu); note - two new regions Menaka and Taoudenni were reportedly created in early 2016 but these have not yet been vetted by the US Board on Geographic Names
Dependent areas
Independence: 22 September 1960 (from France)
National holiday: Independence Day 22 September (1960)
Constitution
History: several previous; latest drafted August 1991 approved by referendum 12 January 1992 effective 25 February 1992 suspended briefly in 2012
Amendments: roposed by the president of the republic or by members of the National Assembly; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly and approval in a referendum; constitutional sections on the integrity of the state its republican and secular form of government and its multiparty system cannot be amended; amended 1999
Legal system: civil law system based on the French civil law model and influenced by customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Constitutional Court
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth: no
Citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Mali
Dual citizenship recognized: yes
Residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
Chief of state: President Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA
Head of government: Prime Minister Abdoulaye Idrissa MAIGA
Cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister
Electionsappointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term ; election last held on 28 July 2013 with a runoff on 11 August 2013 (election delayed from April 2012 due to a coup in March 2012); prime minister appointed by the president
Election results: Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA elected president in second round; percent of vote - Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA 77.6% Soumaila CISSE (URD) 22.4%
Legislative branch
Description: unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale
Elections: last held on 24 November and 15 December 2013 ; note - the scheduled July 2012 election was canceled due to a coup d'etat and the Tuareg Rebellion
Election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPM 66 URD 17 ADEMA 16 FARE 6 CODEM 5 SADI 5 CNID 4 other 24 independent 4
Judicial branch
Highest court: Supreme Court or Cour Supreme ; Constitutional Court (consists of 9 members)
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court members appointed by the Ministry of Justice to serve 5-year terms; Constitutional Court members selected - 3 each by the president the National Assembly and the Supreme Council of the Magistracy; members serve single renewable 7-year terms
Subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; High Court of Justice ; magistrate courts; first instance courts; labor dispute courts; special court of state security
Political parties and leaders:
National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL]
Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]
Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel Kokalla MAIGA]
Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA]
Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Younoussi TOURE]
Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]
Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel Kokalla MAIGA]
Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA]
Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Younoussi TOURE]
International organization participation: ACP AfDB AU CD ECOWAS EITI (compliant country) FAO FZ G-77 IAEA IBRD ICAO ICCt ICRM IDA IDB IFAD IFC IFRCS ILO IMF Interpol IOC IOM IPU ISO ITSO ITU ITUC (NGOs) MIGA MONUSCO NAM OIC OIF OPCW UN UNAMID UNCTAD UNESCO UNIDO UNISFA UNMISS UNWTO UPU WADB (regional) WAEMU WCO WFTU (NGOs) WHO WIPO WMO WTO
Diplomatic representation
In the us chief of mission: Ambassador ; Charge d'Affaires Mohamed CISSE (since 13 April 2017)
In the us chancery: 2,130 R Street NW Washington DC 20,008
In the us telephone: [1] 332-2,249 939-8,950
In the us FAX: [1] 332-6,603
From the us chief of mission: Ambassador Paul A. FOLMSBEE
From the us embassy: located off the Roi Bin Fahad Aziz Bridge west of the Bamako central district
From the us mailing address: ACI 2000 Rue 243 Porte 297 Bamako
From the us telephone: [223] 2,070-2,300
From the us FAX: [223] 2,070-2,479
Flag description: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) yellow and red
Note: uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia; the colors from left to right are the same as those of neighboring Senegal and the reverse of those on the flag of neighboring Guinea
National symbols: Great Mosque of Djenne; national colors: green yellow red
National anthem
Name: 'Le Mali'
Lyrics and music: Seydou Badian KOUYATE/Banzoumana SISSOKO
Note: adopted 1962; also known as 'Pour L'Afrique et pour toi Mali' and 'A ton appel Mali' (At Your Call Mali)
National heritage
Mali - Economy 2017
top of pageEconomy overview:
Among the 25 poorest countries in the world landlocked Mali depends on gold mining and agricultural exports for revenue. The country's fiscal status fluctuates with gold and agricultural commodity prices and the harvest; cotton and gold exports make up around 80% of export earnings. Mali remains dependent on foreign aid.
Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger River; about 65% of Mali’s land area is desert or semidesert. About 10% of the population is nomadic and about 80% of the labor force is engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. The government subsidizes the production of cereals to decrease the country’s dependence on imported foodstuffs and to reduce its vulnerability to food price shocks.
Mali is developing its iron ore extraction industry to diversify foreign exchange earnings away from gold but the pace will depend on global price trends. Although the political coup in 2012 slowed Mali’s growth the economy has since bounced back with GDP growth above 5% in 2014-16 although physical insecurity high population growth corruption weak infrastructure and low levels of human capital continue to constrain economic development. Higher rainfall should help boost cotton output in 2017 and the country’s 2017 budget calls for a more than 10% increase in spending much of which will be devoted to infrastructure and agriculture. However strong downside risks exist in the form of renewed political turmoil. Corruption is endemic.
Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger River; about 65% of Mali’s land area is desert or semidesert. About 10% of the population is nomadic and about 80% of the labor force is engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. The government subsidizes the production of cereals to decrease the country’s dependence on imported foodstuffs and to reduce its vulnerability to food price shocks.
Mali is developing its iron ore extraction industry to diversify foreign exchange earnings away from gold but the pace will depend on global price trends. Although the political coup in 2012 slowed Mali’s growth the economy has since bounced back with GDP growth above 5% in 2014-16 although physical insecurity high population growth corruption weak infrastructure and low levels of human capital continue to constrain economic development. Higher rainfall should help boost cotton output in 2017 and the country’s 2017 budget calls for a more than 10% increase in spending much of which will be devoted to infrastructure and agriculture. However strong downside risks exist in the form of renewed political turmoil. Corruption is endemic.
Real gdp purchasing power parity:
$38.25 billion (2016 est.)
$35.7 billion (2015 est.)
$33.33 billion (2014 est.)
$35.7 billion (2015 est.)
$33.33 billion (2014 est.)
Note: data are in 2016 dollars
Rank: 117
Real gdp growth rate:
5.8% (2016 est.)
6% (2015 est.)
7% (2014 est.)
6% (2015 est.)
7% (2014 est.)
Rank: 31
Real gdp per capita:
$2,100 (2016 est.)
$2000 (2015 est.)
$2000 (2014 est.)
$2000 (2015 est.)
$2000 (2014 est.)
Note: data are in 2016 dollars
Rank: 201
Gross national saving:
10.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
12.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
12.9% of GDP (2014 est.)
12.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
12.9% of GDP (2014 est.)
Rank: 153
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Gdp composition by end use
Household consumption: 72.6%
Government consumption: 16.5%
Investment in fixed capital: 17.1%
Investment in inventories: 0.4%
Exports of goods and services: 20.4%
Imports of goods and services: -27%
Gdp composition by sector of origin
Agriculture: 40.7%
Industry: 19%
Services: 40.2%
Agriculture products: cotton millet rice corn vegetables peanuts; cattle sheep goats
Industries: food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining
Industrial production growth rate: 1.9% (2016 est.)
Rank: 115
Labor force: 6.272 million (2016 est.)
Rank: 72
By occupation agriculture: 80%
By occupation industry and services: 20%
Labor force
Unemployment rate:
8.1% (2016 est.)
8.1% (2015 est.)
8.1% (2015 est.)
Rank: 104
Youth unemployment
Population below poverty line: 36.1% (2005 est.)
Gini index
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Lowest 10: 3.5%
Highest 10: 25.8%
Distribution of family income gini index:
40.1 (2001)
50.5 (1994)
50.5 (1994)
Rank: 61
Budget
Revenues: $2.567 billion
Expenditures: $3.12 billion
Surplus or deficit: -4% of GDP (2016 est.)
Surplus or deficit rank: 141
Taxes and other revenues: 18.4% of GDP (2016 est.)
Rank: 165
Public debt:
29.7% of GDP (2016 est.)
29.3% of GDP (2015 est.)
29.3% of GDP (2015 est.)
Rank: 162
Revenue
Fiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate consumer prices:
-1.8% (2016 est.)
1.4% (2015 est.)
1.4% (2015 est.)
Rank: 4
Central bank discount rate:
16% (31 December 2010)
4.25% (31 December 2009)
4.25% (31 December 2009)
Rank: 7
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
5.3% (31 December 2016 est.)
5.15% (31 December 2015 est.)
5.15% (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 138
Stock of narrow money:
$2.687 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$2.573 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$2.573 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 121
Stock of broad money:
$3.858 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$3.715 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$3.715 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 134
Stock of domestic credit:
$2.931 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$2.822 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$2.822 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 138
Market value of publicly traded shares: $N/A
Current account balance:
$-996 million (2016 est.)
$-685.1 million (2015 est.)
$-685.1 million (2015 est.)
Rank: 123
Exports:
$2.803 billion (2016 est.)
$2.715 billion (2015 est.)
$2.715 billion (2015 est.)
Rank: 126
Commodities: cotton gold livestock
Partners: Switzerland 30.4% India 12.2% Ukraine 5.1% China 5.1% Burkina Faso 4.9% Senegal 4.3% France 4% South Africa 4% (2016)
Imports:
$3.443 billion (2016 est.)
$3.192 billion (2015 est.)
$3.192 billion (2015 est.)
Rank: 137
Commodities: petroleum machinery and equipment construction materials foodstuffs textiles
Partners: Senegal 12.2% China 12.2% France 10.3% Benin 8.6% Cote dIvoire 8.4% (2016)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Debt external:
$3.981 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$3.668 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$3.668 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 138
Stock of direct foreign investment at home:
$3.266 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$3.101 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
$3.101 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 110
Stock of direct foreign investment abroad:
$62.2 million (31 December 2016 est.)
$54.2 million (31 December 2015 est.)
$54.2 million (31 December 2015 est.)
Rank: 106
Exchange rates:
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
593.01 (2016 est.)
593.01 (2015 est.)
591.45 (2014 est.)
494.42 (2013 est.)
510.53 (2012 est.)
593.01 (2016 est.)
593.01 (2015 est.)
591.45 (2014 est.)
494.42 (2013 est.)
510.53 (2012 est.)
Mali - Energy 2017
top of pageElectricity
Access population without electricity: 11,400,000
Access electrification total population: 26%
Access electrification urban areas: 53%
Access electrification rural areas: 9%
Production: 2.175 billion kWh (2015 est.)
Production rank: 138
Consumption: 2.023 billion kWh (2015 est.)
Consumption rank: 143
Exports: 0 kWh (2016 est.)
Exports rank: 168
Imports: 0 kWh (2016 est.)
Imports rank: 173
Installed generating capacity: 590,000 kW (2015 est.)
Installed generating capacity rank: 140
Generation sources fossil fuels: 67.8% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources fossil fuels rank: 107
Generation sources nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources nuclear rank: 141
Generation sources hydroelectricity: 31.2% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources hydroelectricity rank: 69
Generation sources other renewable sources: 1% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
Generation sources other renewable sources rank: 139
Coal
Petroleum
Petroleum total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2016 est.)
Petroleum total petroleum production rank: 170
Crude oil exports: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Crude oil exports rank: 162
Crude oil imports: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Crude oil imports rank: 161
Crude oil proven reserves: 0 bbl (1 January 2017 es)
Crude oil proven reserves rank: 168
Crude oil
Refined petroleum
Products production: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products production rank: 174
Products consumption: 7,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)
Products consumption rank: 163
Products exports: 0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products exports rank: 179
Products imports: 7,486 bbl/day (2014 est.)
Products imports rank: 150
Natural gas
Production: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Production rank: 169
Consumption: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Consumption rank: 208
Exports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Exports rank: 149
Imports: 0 m³ (2013 est.)
Imports rank: 155
Proven reserves: 0 m³ (1 January 2014 es)
Proven reserves rank: 172
Carbon dioxide emissions
From consumption of energy: 800,000 Mt (2013 est.)
From consumption of energy rank: 171
Energy consumption per capita
Mali - Communication 2017
top of pageTelephones
Fixed lines total subscriptions: 200,812
Fixed lines subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1
Fixed lines rank: 136
Mobile cellular total: 20,182,160
Mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 116
Mobile cellular rank: 50
Telephone system
General assessment: domestic system improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
Domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to over 115 per 100 persons
International: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (2016)
Broadcast media: national public TV broadcaster; 2 privately owned companies provide subscription services to foreign multi-channel TV packages; national public radio broadcaster supplemented by a large number of privately owned and community broadcast stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2007)
Internet
Country code: .ml
Users total: 1,940,978
Users percent of population: 11.1%
Users rank: 38
Broadband fixed subscriptions
Mali - Military 2017
top of pageMilitary expenditures:
2.63% of GDP (2016)
2.43% of GDP (2015)
1.56% of GDP (2014)
1.2% of GDP (2013)
1.2% of GDP (2012)
2.43% of GDP (2015)
1.56% of GDP (2014)
1.2% of GDP (2013)
1.2% of GDP (2012)
Rank: 68
Military and security forces
Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2012)
Space program
Terrorist groups
Mali - Transportation 2017
top of pageNational air transport system
Number of registered air carriers: 1
Inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 2
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: TZ TT (2016)
Airports: 25 (2013)
Rank: 129
With paved runways total: 8
With paved runways over 3047 m: 1
With paved runways 2438 to 3047 m: 4
With paved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 2
With paved runways 914 to 1523 m: 1
With unpaved runways total: 17
With unpaved runways 15-24 to 2437 m: 3
With unpaved runways 914 to 1523 m: 9
With unpaved runways under 914 m: 5
Heliports: 2 (2013)
Pipelines
Railways
Total: 593 km
Narrow gauge: 593 km 1.000-m gauge
Rank: 111
Roadways
Total: 22,474 km
Paved: 5,522 km
Unpaved: 16,952 km
Rank: 103
Waterways: 1800 km (downstream of Koulikoro; low water levels on the River Niger cause problems in dry years; in the months before the rainy season the river is not navigable by commercial vessels) (2011)
Rank: 43
Merchant marine
Ports and terminals
River port: Koulikoro
Mali - Transnational issues 2017
top of pageDisputes international: demarcation is underway with Burkina Faso
Refugees and internally displaced persons
Refugees: 15,298 (Mauritania) (2016)
IDPs: 58,594 (2017)
Illicit drugs
Rank: li>a href='../rankorder/rankorderguide.html'>Guide to Country Comparisons
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